新型聚合物水处理剂的合成及性能研究

以异丙烯膦酸(IPPA)、丙烯酸(AA)和丙烯酸羟丙酯(HPA)为单体，水为溶剂，过硫酸铵为引发剂合成了IPPA／AA／HPA三元共聚物，并对其阻垢和缓蚀性能进行了研究，结果表明，IPPA／AA／HPA共聚物不仅具有优异的阻垢分散性能，而且对碳钢也有很好的缓蚀作用，是一种性能优良的新型高效水处理剂。     

膦基羧酸共聚物阻垢分散性能的研究

用静态阻垢方法系统地研究了膦基羧酸共聚物的阻垢分散性能,并和有机膦酸及羧酸聚合物进行了对比。结果表明,膦基羧酸共聚物在抑制碳酸钙,硫酸钙和磷酸钙垢,稳定锌离子和分散氧化铁等综合性能方面优于有机膦酸和羧酸聚合物。     

膦酰基羧酸共聚物阻垢分散剂的研究进展

介绍了近20年来膦酰基羧酸共聚物阻垢分散剂——大分子有机磷酸的研究现状和进展情况。重点罗列了以不饱和有机磷酸单体为原料制备膦酰基羧酸共聚物阻垢分散剂，在合成工艺和阻垢、分散及缓蚀性能评价等方面所取得的研究成果，并提出了膦酰基羧酸共聚物阻垢分散剂今后的主攻方向和发展趋势。     

异丙烯膦酸—丙烯酸共聚物的阻垢效果

本文以异丙烯膦酸和丙烯酸为单体，合成了异丙烯膦酸－丙烯酸共聚物，探讨了共聚物浓度，ｐＨ值，钙离子浓度及温度对共聚物阻垢性能的影响，探讨了共聚物对氧化铁分散能力的影响。结果表明，异丙烯膦酸－丙烯酸共聚物不仅具有优异的阻垢性能，而且对氧化铁具有较好的分散能力，是一种良好的水质稳定剂。     

膦酰基聚羧酸共聚物的合成及其阻BaSO_4垢的性能研究

以马来酸酐(MA)、丙烯酸羟丙酯(HPA)和2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙基膦酸(AMPP)为原料,在引发剂作用下,合成了膦酰基聚羧酸共聚物(MHAP),采用正交实验对其合成工艺条件进行了优化,并进行了阻硫酸钡垢性能评价和阻垢机理探讨。结果表明,当单体MA、HPA和AMPP摩尔比为7∶1. 5∶1、反应时间为5 h、反应温度为80℃,引发剂加量为各单体总质量的6%,其在(70±2)℃,恒温16 h,MHAP用量为200 mg/L,MHAP对Ba SO4的阻垢率达到92. 68%,并具有良好的耐温能力。MHAP对Ba SO4垢的作用机理主要是晶格畸变、螯合增溶、低剂量阈值效应。     

膦酰基聚羧酸共聚物的合成及其阻BaSO_4垢的性能研究

以马来酸酐(MA)、丙烯酸羟丙酯(HPA)和2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙基膦酸(AMPP)为原料,在引发剂作用下,合成了膦酰基聚羧酸共聚物(MHAP),采用正交实验对其合成工艺条件进行了优化,并进行了阻硫酸钡垢性能评价和阻垢机理探讨。结果表明,当单体MA、HPA和AMPP摩尔比为7∶1. 5∶1、反应时间为5 h、反应温度为80℃,引发剂加量为各单体总质量的6%,其在(70±2)℃,恒温16 h,MHAP用量为200 mg/L,MHAP对Ba SO4的阻垢率达到92. 68%,并具有良好的耐温能力。MHAP对Ba SO4垢的作用机理主要是晶格畸变、螯合增溶、低剂量阈值效应。     

IPPA／AA／HPA三元共聚物的合成及性能评定

以三氯化磷、丙酮和冰乙酸为原料合成异丙烯膦酸（IPPA）单体,并在以水为溶剂,过硫酸铵为引发剂的条件下,与丙烯酸（AA）、丙烯酸羟丙酯（HPA）反应制得了异丙烯膦酸-丙烯酸-丙烯酸羟丙酯三元共聚物。并对其阻垢和缓蚀性能进行了评定。结果表明：该共聚物不仅具有优良的阻垢分散性能,而且对碳钢也有很好的缓蚀作用,是一种性能优异的新型水质稳定剂。     

AA/AMPS/MA共聚物的合成条件对产物分散性能的影响

采用次磷酸盐-过硫酸铵引发体系,一步合成了多批次膦酸共聚物。在合成共聚物的同时讨论其分散性能的影响因素。加入相同的铁离子量,分散剂对氧化铁的分散性能越好,则溶液越浑浊,用分光光度计测出的透光率就越低。实验表明:AA/AMPS/MA三种单体配比、引发剂过硫酸铵-次磷酸钠浓度、共聚物合成温度及反应时间对氧化铁的分散性能都存在影响。     

IA/MA/AMPS三元共聚物阻垢剂的性能评价

针对实验合成的IA/MA/AMPS三元共聚物阻垢剂,分别考察了钙离子质量浓度、水样温度、水样p H值对共聚物阻垢性能的影响,合成的共聚物与市售阻垢剂分散氧化铁的性能进行了对比实验,并对提纯后的IA/MA/AMPS三元共聚物阻垢剂作TG分析。结果表明,合成的三元共聚物阻垢剂具有良好的热稳定性,分散氧化铁性能优于市售阻垢剂,适用于弱碱性、高温、中等矿化度的工业循环冷却水。     

IA/MA/AMPS三元共聚物阻垢剂的性能评价

针对实验合成的IA/MA/AMPS三元共聚物阻垢剂,分别考察了钙离子质量浓度、水样温度、水样p H值对共聚物阻垢性能的影响,合成的共聚物与市售阻垢剂分散氧化铁的性能进行了对比实验,并对提纯后的IA/MA/AMPS三元共聚物阻垢剂作TG分析。结果表明,合成的三元共聚物阻垢剂具有良好的热稳定性,分散氧化铁性能优于市售阻垢剂,适用于弱碱性、高温、中等矿化度的工业循环冷却水。     

Storage of NO2 on BaO/TiO2 and the influence of NO

The influence of NO on the adsorption and desorption of NO₂ on BaO/TiO₂ has been studied under lean conditions. The adsorption of NO₂ involves the disproportionation of NO₂ into an adsorbed nitrate species and NO released to the gas phase with a 3:1 ratio,

BaO+3NO₂→NO+Ba(NO₃)₂.

Three different nitrate species form on the catalyst: surface nitrates on the TiO₂ support, surface nitrates on BaO, and bulk barium nitrate. The stability of the three species in different gas feeds was investigated by temperature-programmed desorption (TPD).

The reverse reaction of the NO₂ disproportionation has also been observed. If NO is added to the feed, nitrates previously formed on the sorbent will decompose into NO₂. Therefore, the above chemical equation should be considered as an equilibrium reaction. Applying this finding to the NO_x storage and reduction catalyst means that NO probably reacts with the previously formed nitrates yielding NO₂ as an intermediate product. This NO₂ is subsequently reduced by the reducing agents (hydrocarbons and CO) present during the regeneration period.     

AA／MA／AM／MM多元共聚物阻垢性能的研究

合成了ＡＡ／ＭＡ／ＡＭ／ＭＭ多元共聚物,并对所得产品进行了碳酸钙静态阻垢实验,探讨了共聚物的分子量,投加量,溶液的ｐＨ值,温度、恒温时间等因素与共聚物阻垢率的关系,利用扫描电子显微镜观测了碳酸钙晶形的变化,结果表明,ＡＡ／ＭＡ／ＡＭ／ＭＭ多元共聚物阻垢性能较好,该共聚物使碳酸钙晶形发生了畸变。     

On the nature of active sites in Fe/ZSM-5 catalysts for NOx abatement

Fe/ZSM-5 catalysts with high Fe loading (Fe/Al1) have been prepared by sublimation of FeCl₃ onto H-ZSM-5 samples of different Si/Al ratios. They catalyze NO_x reduction with hydrocarbons in an excess of O₂ and H₂O. TPR shows that the Fe in the zeolite cavities is different from Fe₂O₃ particles. Naked Fe³⁺ ions are absent; oxo-ions, which are equally well reducible by CO and H₂, prevail. A minority of the Fe complexes lose oxygen upon mere heating to 500°C; some of the reduced sites are reoxidized only by N₂O. The population of oxo-complexes that lose oxygen by heating depends on the Si/Al ratio, this dependence is in qualitative agreement with the model of (2+) charged binuclear ions [HO–Fe–O–Fe–OH]²⁺. Upon reacting with NO, the bridging O atom is transferred and NO₂ is formed. This step is not rate limiting for active catalysts with high Al/Si ratio and high Fe loading, but it becomes critical with zeolites of low Al/Si ratio.     

Analysis of tensile modulus of PP/nanoclay/CaCO3 ternary nanocomposite using composite theories

The tensile modulus of PP/nanoclay/CaCO₃ hybrid ternary nanocomposite was analyzed using composite models. Rule of mixtures, inverse rule of mixtures, modified rule of mixtures (MROM), Guth, Paul, Counto, Hirsch, Halpin–Tsai, Takayanagi, and Kerner–Nielsen models were developed for three‐phase system containing two nanofillers. Among the studied models, inverse rule of mixtures, Hirsch, Halpin–Tsai, and Kerner–Nielsen models calculated the tensile modulus of PP/nanoclay/CaCO₃ ternary nanocomposite successfully compared with others. Furthermore, the Kerner–Nielsen model was simplified to predict the tensile modulus by volume fractions of nanofillers. Also, Takayanagi model was modified for the current ternary system. The developed Takayanagi model can predict the tensile modulus using Young's modulus and volume fractions of matrix and nanofillers. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012     

梯黑铝混合装药提取铝的反应动力学研究

采用"颗粒不变收缩芯模型"研究了梯黑铝装药中Al的酸解反应动力学行为,考察了反应温度、硫酸浓度及炸药粒度对反应速率的影响。结果表明,A l的酸浸过程符合动力学方程g(x)=1-(1-x)1/3=kt,为化学反应控制类型,表观活化能为42.392 kJ/mol。在此基础上,经线性回归分析,发现表观反应速率常数k与硫酸初始浓度C0及炸药粒径1/r20成正比例关系。     

表面活性剂在固液界面吸附研究的某些新进展

本文综述了离子型表面活性剂以及阳离子与非离子型表达活性剂的混合体系在固液界面吸附情况。     

AOP/UF/RO系统在金属表面处理废水回收中的应用

采用AOP＋BAC/UF/RO系统工艺处理金属表面处理废水,构成一整套回收水系统;通过对各项运行参数的分析研究,确定该系统出水水质稳定,且可以连续运;产水水质明显优于自来水水质标准,可被回用到生产线上。     

Mechanism of the formation of precursors for the Cu/ZnO methanol synthesis catalysts by a coprecipitation method

Precursors of Cu/ZnO catalysts with various Cu/Zn molar ratios were prepared by a coprecipitation method. It was found that amorphous copper hydroxycarbonate and sodium zinc carbonate were intermediates for the formation of various precursors such as hydrozincite, malachite and aurichalcite. Aurichalcite having a high Cu/Zn ratio was prepared from a mechanical mixture of these intermediates.     

ABS/SAN/SMA三元合金性能研究

研究了ABS SAN SMA共混物。确定了配比和共混物的耐热性能、冲击性能、拉伸性能、断裂伸长率、模量、熔融指数等的关系