基于模糊近似支持向量回归的股价预测研究

股价预测是投资策略形成和风险管理模型发展的基础.为了降低股价变化趋势中的噪声信息和投资者关于两种股价预测误差的不同偏好对股价预测的影响,提出了基于信噪比的模糊近似支持向量回归(FPSVR)的股价预测模型.首先构建信噪比输入变量,然后引入模糊隶属度和双边权重测量方法对支持向量回归(SVR)模型进行改进,最后借助沪深300...     

基于改进灰狼优化算法的支持向量回归预测

为了提高支持向量回归(SVR, Support Vector Regression)进行数据驱动预测的精度,针对SVR存在的参数优化问题,通过引入Tent混沌映射进行种群初始化、改进收敛方式、并结合模拟退火算法,改进了传统的灰狼优化算法(GWO, Grey Wolf Optimization)来优化SVR超参数,并基于改进后的GWO算法提出了一种IGWO-SVR预测模型。将提出的IGWO-SVR模型应用于NASA锂电池数据集仿真SOH预测以及实际生产中的车灯电流预测实验后,实验结果表明IGWO-SVR预测模型在NASA锂电池数据集上进行预测的误差相较GWO-SVR模型降低了23％,相较粒子群算法和遗传算法优化的SVR模型均存在明显优势,误差分别降低了39%和51%;在实际工作中使用IGWO-SVR模型进行车灯电流预测也取得良好效果,与实测值之间的相对误差达到2.67%,相较GWO-SVR模型误差降低了近7个百分点,证明了模型在实际应用中的具有良好的价值。     

Integration of genetic fuzzy systems and artificial neural networks for stock price forecasting

Stock market prediction is regarded as a challenging task in financial time-series forecasting. The central idea to successful stock market prediction is achieving best results using minimum required input data and the least complex stock market model. To achieve these purposes this article presents an integrated approach based on genetic fuzzy systems (GFS) and artificial neural networks (ANN) for constructing a stock price forecasting expert system. At first, we use stepwise regression analysis (SRA) to determine factors which have most influence on stock prices. At the next stage we divide our raw data into k clusters by means of self-organizing map (SOM) neural networks. Finally, all clusters will be fed into independent GFS models with the ability of rule base extraction and data base tuning. We evaluate capability of the proposed approach by applying it on stock price data gathered from IT and Airlines sectors, and compare the outcomes with previous stock price forecasting methods using mean absolute percentage error (MAPE). Results show that the proposed approach outperforms all previous methods, so it can be considered as a suitable tool for stock price forecasting problems.     

AN ADAPTIVE EXPECTATION GENETIC ALGORITHM BASED ON ANFIS AND MULTINATIONAL STOCK MARKET VOLATILITY CAUSALITY FOR TAIEX FORECASTING

The stock market is a highly complex and dynamic system, and forecasting stock is complicated and difficult. Successful prediction of stock prices may promise attractive benefits; therefore, stock market forecasting is important and of great interest. The economy of Taiwan relies on international trade deeply and the fluctuations of international stock markets impact Taiwan's stock market to certain degree. It is practical to use the fluctuations of other stock markets as forecasting factors for forecasting on the Taiwan stock market. Further, stock market investors usually make short-term decisions based on recent price fluctuations, but most time series models use only the last period of stock price in forecasting. In this article, the proposed model uses the fluctuations of other national stock markets as forecasting factors and employs an expectation equation method whose parameters are optimized by a genetic algorithm (GA) joined with an adaptive network–based fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) model to forecast the Taiwan stock index. To evaluate the forecasting performance, the proposed model is compared with Chen's model and Yu's model. The experimental results indicate that the proposed model is superior to the listing methods (Chen's model and Yu's model) in terms of root mean squared error (RMSE).     

Hybridizing nonlinear independent component analysis and support vector regression with particle swarm optimization for stock index forecasting

One of the major activities of financial firms and private investors is to predict future prices of stocks. However, stock index prediction is regarded as a challenging task of the prediction problem since the stock market is a complex, chaotic and nonlinear dynamic system. As stock markets are highly dynamic and exhibit wide variation, it may be more realistic and practical that assumed the stock index data are a nonlinear mixture data. In this study, a hybrid stock index prediction model by utilizing nonlinear independent component analysis (NLICA), support vector regression (SVR) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) is proposed. In the proposed model, first, the NLICA is used to deal with the nonlinearity property of the stock index data. The proposed model utilizes NLICA to extract features from the observed stock index data. The features which can be used to represent underlying/hidden information of the data are then served as the inputs of SVR to build the stock index prediction model. Finally, PSO is applied to optimize the parameters of the SVR prediction model since the parameters of SVR must be carefully selected in establishing an effective and efficient SVR model. In order to evaluate the performance of the proposed approach, the closing indexes of the Taiwan stock exchange capitalization weighted stock index, Shanghai stock exchange composite index and Bombay stock exchange index are used as illustrative examples. Experimental results showed that the proposed hybrid stock index prediction method significantly outperforms the other six comparison models. It is an efficient and effective alternative for stock index forecasting.     

Optimized Gated Recurrent Unit for Mid-Term Electricity Price Forecasting

Electricity price forecasting (EPF) is important for energy system operations and management which include strategic bidding, generation scheduling, optimum storage reserves scheduling and systems analysis. Moreover, accurate EPF is crucial for the purpose of bidding strategies and minimizing the risk for market participants in the competitive electricity market. Nevertheless, accurate time-series prediction of electricity price is very challenging due to complex nonlinearity in the trend of electricity price. This work proposes a mid-term forecasting model based on the demand and price data, renewable and non-renewable energy supplies, the seasonality and peak and off-peak hours of working and non-working days. An optimized Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) which incorporates Bagged Regression Tree (BTE) is developed in the Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) architecture for the mid-term EPF. Tanh layer is employed to optimize the hyperparameters of the heterogeneous GRU with the aim to improve the model’s performance, error reduction and predict the spikes. In this work, the proposed framework is assessed using electricity market data of five major economical states in Australia by using electricity market data from August 2020 to May 2021. The results showed significant improvement when adopting the proposed prediction framework compared to previous works in forecasting the electricity price.     

BP算法和对称ARCH类模型对股市波动性预测的实证比较

利用我国深圳股票市场的实际数据,建立了相应的BP算法网络预测模型和ARCH(1),GARCH(1,1)预测模型,分别用来对深成指数每个周末收盘价的波动性进行预测．研究表明,BP算法对样本外观测值的上凸曲线拟合得较好,对下凸曲线的拟合效果较差;ARCH(1)和GARCH(1,1)则反之,其预测曲线对样本外观测值的下凸曲线拟合效果都较好,但对上凸曲线的拟合效果都较差．通过采用6种常用的预测误差统计量:平均误差、平均绝对误差、均方根误差、平均绝对比率误差、Akaike信息准则、Baves信息准则对样本外数据的预测结果进行检验,BP算法的预测效果最好,ARCH(1)模型次之,GARcH(1,1)模型偏差．     

基于PCA和IFOA-BP神经网络的股价预测模型

针对基于BP神经网络的股票价格预测模型在价格预测时存在较大误差的问题,在BP神经网络方法的基础上引入了主成分分析方法(PCA)和改进的果蝇算法(IFOA),提出一种基于PCA-IFOA-BP神经网络的股票价格预测模型。通过PCA对股票历史数据进行降维,减少冗余信息;采用改进的果蝇算法优化BP神经网络的初始权值和阈值;建立基于PCA和IFOA-BP神经网络的股票价格预测模型。对上证指数股票价格数据进行仿真验证,仿真结果表明:在股票价格预测中,该模型比BP神经网络、PCA-BP和PCA-FOA-BP的预测精度更高,是一种有效可行的预测方法。     

基于改进GA参数优化的SVR股价预测模型

针对股票价格的动态性及非线性等特点, 提出了基于改进遗传算法(Genetic Algorithm, GA)优化参数的支持向量回归机(Support Vector Regression, SVR)股价预测模型. 首先将选取的股票价格样本进行小波去噪处理, 然后将经过改进GA优化参数的SVR模型对去噪后的数据进行预测及评价. 结果证明, 改进小波-GA-SVR模型具有良好的预测效果, 对股票价格的预测研究具有一定的意义.     

基于结构修剪神经网络的股票指数预测模型*

股票市场是非线性系统,具有内部结构复杂性和外部因素多变性,在股市指数价格和成交量基础上,引入宏观经济指标共同构建模型预测指标体系,并分析各指标之间的长期均衡关系和因果关系。在贝叶斯分析的基础上,将代表网络复杂性的惩罚项引入模型误差函数中,并通过动态调整惩罚因子删减网络中对股票市场不敏感的隐层神经元,在保证模型泛化能力的同时实现网络结构精简。以上证指数为例,构建基于BP算法的结构修剪神经网络预测模型,在不同的预测指标体系下对股票市场运行规律进行学习,并对上证指数进行仿真预测。最后,通过与其他神经网络预测模型     

A hybrid ANFIS model based on empirical mode decomposition for stock time series forecasting

Time series forecasting is an important and widely popular topic in the research of system modeling, and stock index forecasting is an important issue in time series forecasting. Accurate stock price forecasting is a challenging task in predicting financial time series. Time series methods have been applied successfully to forecasting models in many domains, including the stock market. Unfortunately, there are 3 major drawbacks of using time series methods for the stock market: (1) some models can not be applied to datasets that do not follow statistical assumptions; (2) most time series models that use stock data with a significant amount of noise involutedly (caused by changes in market conditions and environments) have worse forecasting performance; and (3) the rules that are mined from artificial neural networks (ANNs) are not easily understandable.To address these problems and improve the forecasting performance of time series models, this paper proposes a hybrid time series adaptive network-based fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) model that is centered around empirical mode decomposition (EMD) to forecast stock prices in the Taiwan Stock Exchange Capitalization Weighted Stock Index (TAIEX) and Hang Seng Stock Index (HSI). To measure its forecasting performance, the proposed model is compared with Chen's model, Yu's model, the autoregressive (AR) model, the ANFIS model, and the support vector regression (SVR) model. The results show that our model is superior to the other models, based on root mean squared error (RMSE) values.     

股票价格预测的建模与仿真研究

研究股票价格准确预测问题,由于股票价格数据具非线性、随机性等变化规律,同时股票市场与国内外经济政治变化有关,传统股票价格预测方法只能对其线性变化规律进行准确预测,无法反映股票价格非线性部分进行有效建模,导致股价预测精度不高。为了提高股票价格预测精度,提出了一种遗传优化BP神经网络的股票价格预测模型。充分利用BP神经网络良好的非线性映射能力,对股票价格变化规律进行建模,并通过遗传算法对BP神经网络模型参数进行优化,从而获最优股票价格最优预测模型。实验结果表明,相对于传统股票价格预测模型,遗传算法优化BP神经网络的股票价格预测模型拟合程度更好,预测精度更高,为股票价格预测提供了依据。     

A GA-weighted ANFIS model based on multiple stock market volatility causality for TAIEX forecasting

Stock market forecasting is important and interesting, because the successful prediction of stock prices may promise attractive benefits. The economy of Taiwan relies on international trade deeply, and the fluctuations of international stock markets will impact Taiwan stock market. For this reason, it is a practical way to use the fluctuations of other stock markets as forecasting factors for forecasting the Taiwan stock market. In this paper, the proposed model uses the fluctuations of other national stock markets as forecasting factors and employs a genetic algorithm (GA) to refine the weights of rules joining in an ANFIS model to forecast the Taiwan stock index. To evaluate the forecasting performances, the proposed model is compared with four different models: Chen's model, Yu's model, Huarng's model, and the ANFIS model. The results indicate that the proposed model is superior to the listing methods in terms of the root mean squared error (RMSE).     

A hybrid ANFIS based on n-period moving average model to forecast TAIEX stock

Linear model is a general forecasting model and moving average technical index (MATI) is one of useful forecasting methods to predict the future stock prices in stock markets. Therefore, individual investors, stock fund managers, and financial analysts attempt to predict price fluctuation in stock markets by either linear model or MATI. From literatures, three major drawbacks are found in many existing forecasting models. First, forecasting rules mined from some AI algorithms, such as neural networks, could be very difficult to understand. Second, statistic assumptions about variables are required for time series to generate forecasting models, which are not easily understandable by stock investors. Third, stock market investors usually make short-term decisions based on recent price fluctuations, i.e., the last one or two periods, but most time series models use only the last period of stock price. In order to overcome these drawbacks, this study proposes a hybrid forecasting model using linear model and MATI to predict stock price trends with the following four steps: (1) test the lag period of Taiwan Stock Exchange Capitalization Weighted Stock Index (TAIEX) and calculate the last n-period moving average; (2) use subtractive clustering to partition technical indicator values into linguistic values based on data discretization method objectively; (3) employ fuzzy inference system (FIS) to build linguistic rules from the linguistic technical indicator dataset, and optimize the FIS parameters by adaptive network; and (4) refine the proposed model by adaptive expectation models. The proposed model is then verified by root mean squared error (RMSE), and a ten-year period of TAIEX is selected as experiment datasets. The results show that the proposed model is superior to the other forecasting models, namely Chen's model and Yu's model in terms of RMSE.     

MTICA-AEO-SVR股票价格预测模型

为了改善传统Fast ICA算法的稳定性和分离效率,基于Tukey M估计构造了一种新的非线性函数,提出了MTICA算法;并在此基础上结合SVR算法,建立了一种新的MTICA-AEO-SVR股票价格预测模型。用MTICA算法将原始股票数据分解为独立分量进行排序去噪,选择不同的SVR模型分别对各独立分量和股票价格进行预测。在SVR算法中引入了人工生态系统优化算法（AEO）选参,提高了模型的预测精度。通过对上证B股指数的实证分析,结果表明,MTICA-AEO-SVR模型比ICA-AEO-SVR模型和ICA-SVR模型更准确和高效。     

K线能量计算的股市生命期态势预测方法*

股市中K线特征是股价涨跌的因果信息,基于支持向量机（SVM）的股价预测模型没有考虑K线特征知识,对于股价态势难以有效预测。本文提出基于K线能量计算的股市生命期支持向量机态势预测算法（LPF-SVM）。首先,提取典型K线特征,通过引入特征的孕育成熟度和爆发力定义,给出K线特征支持向量机算法（KLF-SVM）;进而,在KLF-SVM算法基础上定义特征的能量计算模型,给出一种K线能量计算的SVM股价预测算法。为了有效地预测态势,引入股价波动的生命期概念,通过K线组合特征判定股价所处的生命期的阶段,进而结合生命期阶段之间的时序影响关系,给出一种基于生命期的股价态势预测算法。在上证和深证数据集上的实验结果表明,LPF-SVM算法对于股价上升波段和下跌波段的股价预测取得了很好的效果。     

基于遗传算法的模糊神经网络股市建模与预测

提出一种基于模糊神经网络的股票市场建模与预测方法，并采用遗传算法训练网络权值及模糊子集的划分，对于上证指数及个股的建模与预测结果表明，该方法具有很强的学习与泛化能力，在处理诸如股票市场上这种具有一定程度不确定性的非互性的建模与预测方面有很发的价值。     

灰色局部支持向量回归机及应用

为了解决全局支持向量回归机(Global-SVR)在大样本数据集中计算效率低下的问题,将局部支持向量回归机与灰色系统理论有机结合,并利用灰色关联度作为局部邻域函数构造灰色局部支持向量回归机(GL-SVR),该做法具有一定的理论价值.优化过程中采用留一法评估学习机的泛化性能,利用模式搜索法选择模型参数.真实的股价涨跌幅预测实验结果表明,该方法既加快了运算速度,又提高了预测精度.     

基于Agent的投资者情绪对于股市演化行为仿真研究

基于双向拍卖机制作为价格生成机制,应用遗传算法来进化预测规则,建立了中国股市的人工金融市场模型,并在此基础上研究了投资者情绪对于市场演化行为的影响。研究结果表明人工市场能够产生真实市场演化过程中的混沌动力学行为,并且市场演化行为随着投资者情绪的变化而变动。这一研究对挖掘中国股票市场的演化规律具有重要意义。     

Towards novel deep neuroevolution models: chaotic levy grasshopper optimization for short-term wind speed forecasting

High accurate wind speed forecasting plays an important role in ensuring the sustainability of wind power utilization. Although deep neural networks (DNNs) have been recently applied to wind time-series datasets, their maximum performance largely leans on their designed architecture. By the current state-of-the-art DNNs, their architectures are mainly configured in manual way, which is a time-consuming task. Thus, it is difficult and frustrating for regular users who do not have comprehensive experience in DNNs to design their optimal architectures to forecast problems of interest. This paper proposes a novel framework to optimize the hyperparameters and architecture of DNNs used for wind speed forecasting. Thus, we introduce a novel enhanced version of the grasshopper optimization algorithm called EGOA to optimize the deep long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network architecture, which optimally evolves four of its key hyperparameters. For designing the enhanced version of GOA, the chaotic theory and levy flight strategies are applied to make an efficient balance between the exploitation and exploration phases of the GOA. Moreover, the mutual information (MI) feature selection algorithm is utilized to select more correlated and effective historical wind speed time series features. The proposed model’s performance is comprehensively evaluated on two datasets gathered from the wind stations located in the United States (US) for two forecasting horizons of the next 30-min and 1-h ahead. The experimental results reveal that the proposed model achieves the best forecasting performance compared to seven prominent classical and state-of-the-art forecasting algorithms.