混合拓扑结构的粒子群算法及其在测试数据生成中的应用研究

粒子群算法(PSO)的拓扑结构是影响算法性能的关键因素,为了从根源上避免粒子群算法易陷入局部极值及早熟收敛等问题,提出一种混合拓扑结构的粒子群优化算法(MPSO)并将其应用于软件结构测试数据的自动生成中。通过不同邻域拓扑结构对算法性能影响的分析,采用一种全局寻优和局部寻优相结合的混合粒子群优化算法。通过观察粒子群的多样性反馈信息,对每一代种群粒子以进化时选择全局拓扑结构模型(GPSO)或局部拓扑结构模型(LPSO)的方法进行。实验结果表明,MPSO使得种群的多样性得到保证,避免了粒子群陷入局部极值,提高了算法的收敛速度。     

一种改进的微粒群优化算法

提出了一种基于差分进化算子变异的改进微粒群优化算法，为减小陷入局优的可能性，在群体最优信息陷入停滞时引入差分进化算子变异，使算法摆脱局部极优点的束缚，同时又保持前期搜索速度快的特性，提高全局搜索能力。仿真实验表明：与标准微粒群优化算法相比，该文算法的全局收敛性能得到了显著提高，能有效避免微粒群优化算法中的早熟收敛问题。     

A novel hybrid PSO–GWO approach for unit commitment problem

Particle swarm optimization algorithm is a inhabitant-based stochastic search procedure, which provides a populace-based search practice for getting the best solution from the problem by taking particles and moving them around in the search space and efficient for global search. Grey Wolf Optimizer is a recently developed meta-heuristic search algorithm inspired by Canis-lupus. This research paper presents solution to single-area unit commitment problem for 14-bus system, 30-bus system and 10-generating unit model using swarm-intelligence-based particle swarm optimization algorithm and a hybrid PSO–GWO algorithm. The effectiveness of proposed algorithms is compared with classical PSO, PSOLR, HPSO, hybrid PSOSQP, MPSO, IBPSO, LCA–PSO and various other evolutionary algorithms, and it is found that performance of NPSO is faster than classical PSO. However, generation cost of hybrid PSO–GWO is better than classical and novel PSO, but convergence of hybrid PSO–GWO is much slower than NPSO due to sequential computation of PSO and GWO.     

改进的粒子群算法及收敛性分析

针对PSO算法对多峰值函数搜索易陷入局部极值点的缺点,提出一种改进的粒子群(MPSO)算法。MPSO算法采用逃逸策略和免疫学习策略来保证种群多样性,使算法能有效进行全局搜索。并讨论MPSO算法的收敛性,证明其能以概率1全局收敛。最后用3个常用的测试函数进行仿真,实验结果表明MPSO算法比PSO算法有更好的收敛性和更快的收敛速度。     

多策略粒子群优化算法

为了克服粒子群优化算法易早熟、局部搜索能力弱的问题,提出了一种改进的粒子群优化算法--多策略粒子群优化算法。在群体寻优过程中,各粒子根据搜索到的最优位置的变动情况,从几种备选的策略中抉择出当代的最优搜索策略。其中,最优粒子有最速下降策略、矫正下降策略和随机移动策略可以选择,非最优粒子有聚集策略和扩散策略可以选择。四个典型测试函数的数值实验结果表明,新提出的算法比标准粒子群优化算法具有更强和更稳定的全局搜索能力。     

A modified particle swarm optimization for economic dispatch with non-smooth cost functions

This paper presents a new approach to economic dispatch (ED) problems with non-smooth cost functions using a particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique. The practical ED problems have non-smooth cost functions with equality and inequality constraints, which makes the problem of finding the global optimum difficult when using any mathematical approaches. Since, standard PSO may converge at the early stage, in this paper, a modified PSO (MPSO) mechanism is suggested to deal with the equality and inequality constraints in the ED problems. To validate the results obtained by MPSO, standard particle swarm optimization (PSO) and guaranteed convergence particle swarm optimization (GCPSO) are applied for comparison. Also, the results obtained by MPSO, PSO and GCPSO are compared with the previous approaches reported in the literature. The results show that the MPSO produces optimal or nearly optimal solutions for the study systems.     

带审敛因子的变邻域粒子群算法

针对基本粒子群算法在求解高维空间中的复杂多峰函数时容易发生早熟收敛而陷入局部最优的问题,汲取变邻域搜索算法全局搜索的优势,提出了带审敛因子的变邻域粒子群算法.首先由基本粒子群的快速搜索能力得到较优的群体;然后通过审敛因子判断发生早熟收敛的粒子,并利用变邻域搜索算法的全局搜索能力对陷入早熟收敛的粒子进行优化,从而得到全局最优.相关实验表明,带审敛因子的粒子群算法的性能较常规粒子群算法更加优越.     

A modified particle swarm optimization for aggregate production planning

Particle swarm optimization (PSO) originated from bird flocking models. It has become a popular research field with many successful applications. In this paper, we present a scheme of an aggregate production planning (APP) from a manufacturer of gardening equipment. It is formulated as an integer linear programming model and optimized by PSO. During the course of optimizing the problem, we discovered that PSO had limited ability and unsatisfactory performance, especially a large constrained integral APP problem with plenty of equality constraints. In order to enhance its performance and alleviate the deficiencies to the problem solving, a modified PSO (MPSO) is proposed, which introduces the idea of sub-particles, a particular coding principle, and a modified operation procedure of particles to the update rules to regulate the search processes for a particle swarm. In the computational study, some instances of the APP problems are experimented and analyzed to evaluate the performance of the MPSO with standard PSO (SPSO) and genetic algorithm (GA). The experimental results demonstrate that the MPSO variant provides particular qualities in the aspects of accuracy, reliability, and convergence speed than SPSO and GA.     

具有适应性突变和惯性权重的粒子群优化(PSO)算法及其在动态系统参数估计中的应用

An important problem in engineering is the unknown parameters estimation in nonlinear systems. In this paper, a novel adaptive particle swarm optimization (APSO) method is proposed to solve this problem. This work considers two new aspects, namely an adaptive mutation mechanism and a dynamic inertia weight into the conventional particle swarm optimization (PSO) method. These mechanisms are employed to enhance global search ability and to increase accuracy. First, three well-known benchmark functions namely Griewank, Rosenbrock and Rastrigrin are utilized to test the ability of a search algorithm for identifying the global optimum. The performance of the proposed APSO is compared with advanced algorithms such as a nonlinearly decreasing weight PSO (NDWPSO) and a real-coded genetic algorithm (GA), in terms of parameter accuracy and convergence speed. It is confirmed that the proposed APSO is more successful than other aforementioned algorithms. Finally, the feasibility of this algorithm is demonstrated through estimating the parameters of two kinds of highly nonlinear systems as the case studies.     

基于周期性演化策略的粒子群优化算法

针对标准粒子群优化算法(PSO)在寻优过程中容易出现早熟的问题,提出一种基于周期性演化策略的粒子群优化算法.该策略通过在速度更新方程中构建基于粒子群能量的粒子群最优值扰动项,使得粒子群能量在演化过程中可以周期性变化.相比标准PSO算法,当粒子群能量较大时,能够增强局部搜索能力;当粒子群能量较小时,能够增强全局搜索能力.典型优化问题的仿真结果表明,所提出的算法与线性下降惯性权重粒子群优化(LWPSO)和PSO算法相比,优化性能得到了显著提高.     

机载雷达组网多站测角被动跟踪轨迹优化研究

研究多观测器轨迹优化控制问题,由于多站测角被动跟踪系统运行存在误差,用机载雷达组网的可移动传感器采集信息,可对雷达载体轨迹优化进行研究,利用控制雷达载体的飞行轨迹可有效解决跟踪目标的弱观测性及估计器的稳定性。为了改善传统轨迹优化算法容易陷入早熟收敛和局部最小的问题,提出一种模拟退火(Simulated Annealing,SA)和粒子群优化(Particle Swarm Optimization,PSO)算法的混合优化方法(SA-PSO)。在给出了角度信息的适应度函数表达式基础上,结合模拟退火算法的局部搜索能力和粒子群优化算法的全局搜索能力,提高优化算法的收敛速度、精度以及全局搜索能力。实验证明,改进的混合算法对雷达载体轨迹优化有效,并减小对机动目标的被动跟踪误差。     

一种改进的粒子群优化算法

作为群体智能的代表性方法之一,粒子群优化算法(PSO)通过粒子间的竞争和协作以实现在复杂搜索空间中寻找全局最优点。提出了一种改进的粒子群优化算法(MPSO),该算法以广泛学习粒子群优化算法(CLPSO)的思想为基础,主要引入了选择墙的概念。同时在参数的设置中结合高斯分布的概念,以提高算法的收敛性。实验结果表明,改进后的粒子群算法防止陷入局部最优的能力有了明显的增强。同时,算法使高维优化问题中全局最优解相对搜索空间位置的鲁棒性得到了明显提高。     

全变异粒子群优化算法

针对粒子群优化算法容易早熟、收敛精度低等缺点,通过采用全变异策略、最大搜索速度自适应调整等策略得到了一种全变异粒子群优化算法,其中的全变异策略是在陷入早熟的条件下全体粒子参加变异,并且当把粒子看成染色体时,每一个基因等概率地参加变异,可以克服算法的早熟而继续优化,提高了算法的收敛精度。对Shubert函数进行实验的结果表明了算法的有效性。     

基于改进粒子群优化算法的AGV全局路径规划

分析了用人工神经网络模型描述环境时,采用Sigmoid函数作为神经网络作用函数的不足之处,提出采用双曲正切函数作为神经网络的作用函数,使网络更有利于路径优化算法的寻优计算。粒子群优化（Particle Swarm Optimization,PSO）算法具有收敛速度快,需要调节的参数少等优点,但优化过程中容易发生“早熟”收敛,使优化陷入局部极小值。通过引入模拟退火算法、“交叉算子”和“变异算子”,提出了一种新的改进粒子群优化算法（Improved Particle Swarm Optimization,IPSO）来解决AGV全局路径规划问题。仿真结果表明,IPSO具有很强的全局寻优能力,并且收敛速度比PSO快,能够为AGV规划出理想的路径。     

一种新形式的微粒群算法

标准微粒群算法在优化多峰、多维的复杂函数时,其效果并不理想,容易早熟收敛。为了改进微粒群算法处理此类问题的性能,提出了一种新的微粒群算法。该算法将标准微粒群算法迭代公式中的群体最优位置用个体最优位置的中心代替,有利于增强群体的多样性,避免早熟收敛,同时保持了迭代公式的简洁形式。3个常用测试函数的数值模拟表明,新的微粒群算法较标准微粒群算法在寻优能力上有明显的提高。     

WSNs覆盖的拟物力导向粒子群优化策略

针对无线传感器网络的重复覆盖和算法耗时问题,提出一种拟物力导向的粒子群覆盖优化策略。通过仿真实验对该策略进行优化性能测试,与粒子群算法、粒子进化的多粒子群算法、传统遗传算法和新量子遗传算法的优化效果相比,该策略覆盖率分别提高9.5%、1.7%、6.03%和3.71%,收敛速度分别提高23.2%、1.8%、24.5%和24.5%。结果表明该优化策略具有比上述4种算法更好的覆盖优化效果。     

Optimal design of fractional-order PID controller for five bar linkage robot using a new particle swarm optimization algorithm

This paper introduces a new version of the particle swarm optimization (PSO) method. Two basic modifications for the conventional PSO algorithm are proposed to improve the performance of the algorithm. The first modification inserts adaptive accelerator parameters into the original velocity update formula of the PSO which speeds up the convergence rate of the algorithm. The ability of the algorithm in escaping from local optima is improved using the second modification. In this case, some particles of the swarm, which are named the superseding particles, are selected to be mutated with some probability. The proposed modified PSO (MPSO) is simple to be implemented, fast and reliable. To validate the efficiency and applicability of the MPSO, it is applied for designing optimal fractional-order PID (FOPID) controllers for some benchmark transfer functions. Then, the introduced MPSO is applied for tuning the parameters of FOPID controllers for a five bar linkage robot. Sensitivity analysis over the fractional order of the PID controller is also provided. Numerical simulations reveal that the MPSO can optimally tune the parameters of FOPID controllers.     

Solving IIR system identification by a variant of particle swarm optimization

A variant of particle swarm optimization (PSO) is represented to solve the infinitive impulse response (IIR) system identification problem. Called improved PSO (IPSO), it makes significant enhancement over PSO. To begin with, the population initialization step makes use of golden ratio to segment solution space so as to obtain high-quality solutions. It is followed by all particles using different inertia weights in velocity updating step, which is beneficial for preserving the balance between global search and local search. Subsequently, IPSO uses normal distribution to disturb the global best particle, which enhances its capacity of escaping from the local optimums. The above three operations cannot only guarantee high-quality solutions, strong global search capacity, and fast convergence rate, but also avoid low diversity, excessive local search, and premature stagnation. These properties of IPSO make it much better suited for IIR system identification problems. IPSO is applied on 12 examples. The experimental results amply demonstrate the capability of IPSO toward obtaining the best objective function values in all the cases. Compared with the other four PSO approaches, IPSO has stronger convergence and higher stability which clearly points out its desirable performance in search accuracy and identifying efficiency.

     

基于交叉变异的混合粒子群优化算法

粒子群优化算法是一种基于群体智能理论的全局优化算法,通过群体中粒子间的合作与竞争实现对问题空间的高效搜索。针对算法后期收敛速度较慢、易陷入局部最优的缺点,提出了一种混合粒子群算法。该算法通过改变种群初始化方法,引入交叉和变异机制等措施改善基本粒子群算法的性能。数值试验结果表明,改进型粒子群算法在提高全局寻优能力和加快收敛速度等方面均有良好的表现。     

一种自适应柯西变异的反向学习粒子群优化算法

针对传统粒子群优化算法易出现早熟的问题,提出了一种自适应变异的反向学习粒子群优化算法。该算法在一般性反向学习方法的基础上,提出了自适应柯西变异策略(ACM)。采用一般性反向学习策略生成反向解,可扩大搜索空间,增强算法的全局勘探能力。为避免粒子陷入局部最优解而导致搜索停滞现象的发生,采用ACM策略对当前最优粒子进行扰动,自适应地获取变异点,在有效提高算法局部开采能力的同时,使算法能更加平稳快速地收敛到全局最优解。为进一步平衡算法的全局搜索与局部探测能力,采用非线性的自适应惯性权值。将算法在14个测试函数上与多种基于反向学习策略的PSO算法进行对比,实验结果表明提出的算法在解的精度以及收敛速度上得到了大幅度的提高。