浅析磁流体发电技术

对磁流体发电的原理、分类、特点进行了分析。介绍了国内外磁流体发电的发展状况,并根据其技术特点结合我国的电能发展需求,对磁流体发电的应用前景进行了分析。     

磁流体发电技术及应用

磁流体发电是一种新型高效的发电方式,与燃气轮机、汽轮机组成联合循环后发电效率可达５５－６０％。本文对磁流体发电的基本原理、主要方式和开发过程及应用前景作了概括介绍。     

磁流体发电计算机数据采集系统的研究

本文研究一套新型的应用于燃煤磁流体发电研究的计算机数据采集。该系统具有较高的采样频率，并且有效地改进了以往采集系统同时性不好的问题，为磁流体发电研究的进一步深入创造了良好条件。在分析系统软硬件设计的同时，着重介绍同时性改善的实现，以及这种改善给系统带来的影响。     

液态金属磁流体发电系统

该文介绍了液态金属磁流体发电的基本原理 ,说明了两种类型发电系统的结构与工作过程 ,并进行了相应热力学分析。结果表明 ,液态金属磁流体发电系统具有效率高 ,结构简单 ,可利用的热源范围广等优点 ,将其和太阳能、核能结合起来 ,有着很好的应用前景。图 5参 6     

磁流体发电的国际进展与我国的战略

本文指出了磁流体发电的重要意义，叙述了国际上过去３０年来所建的试验电站和实验室内研究和开发工作所取得的主要进展和成就，并指出了实用化的前景。考虑到中国的实际情况，提出了中国燃煤磁流体发电计划的方针，建议在本世纪内建立一个热输入功率为２５兆瓦的磁流体联合循环试验设备，并进行长时间发电部件和系统的试验，以便在下世纪初能建立示范电站并和世界各国同步进入实用化阶段。     

燃煤磁流体发电通道的关键问题及其进展

本文简要介绍了目前磁流体发电技术已由实验室研究进入到工程研究发展以及燃煤磁流体发电通道区别于干净燃料通道的主要特点。重点论述了在工程研究发展阶段中燃煤磁流体发电通道的关键问题及国内外的进展情况。     

烧煤磁流体发电机发电通道结构改进

本文叙述电功率百千瓦级烧煤磁流体发电机发电通道的结构改进要点，指出发电通道结构设计和加工装配中值得注意的技术细节，并讨论磁流体发电机结构设计的关键问题及发展趋势。     

磁流体发电

磁流体发电是将热能直接转换成电能的新型发电方式。它的基本工作原理仍然是法拉弟电磁感应定律,与一般发电机不同的是用导电流体代替固体导体,并使导电流体以一定速度通过与其相互垂直的磁场,切割磁力线,从而产生电能。     

液态磁流体发电

一种新的磁流体发电方法正在以色列的内格夫进行试验。这个用太阳能驱动的发电装置没有移动部件,其效率可能比汽轮发电机高30—60％。这是一种磁流体发电装置,其中使用液态金属(例如水银),吸收太阳的热能之后     

燃煤磁流体发电技术

介绍了磁流体发电机的工作原理及燃煤磁流体-蒸汽联合循环电站系统;同时介绍了我国12 MW燃煤磁流体-蒸汽联合循环试验装置,并对该技术的商业化推广中存在的问题进行了分析。     

Development of capacitive-coupled hall-type MHD generator

We have demonstrated a capacitively coupled Hall-type MHD generator using ECR plasma. To clarify the characteristics of the fabricated MHD generator, we measured the power generation characteristics as a function of magnetic field strength using a DC Hall-type MHD power generation experiment. The results showed that the output power decreased due to magnetic pressure at the higher magnetic field. However, the output power corresponded to the theoretical value at the lower magnetic field. An AC Hall-type MHD power generation experiment was conducted using an AC magnetic field. As a result, full-wave rectification voltage was observed as per theory. Finally, capacitively coupled Hall-type MHD power generation experiments were conducted, and full-wave rectified waveforms were observed as in AC Hall-type MHD power generation. These waveforms were similar to the output waveforms predicted from theory. These results show that the capacitively coupled Hall-type MHD generator is feasible.     

爆炸磁流体发电机研究进展及其关键问题

磁流体发电是一种直接发电方式。对高功率脉冲电源需求领域而言，爆炸磁流体发电机的比功率很高，在10MW／kg上下，是可行的高功率微秒级脉冲电源。与其它种类脉冲储能装置相比，ED-MHD发电机的功率密度最高。从磁流体发电机通道的基本理论来看，其功率密度和效率的提高还有较大的空间。     

Power control of coupled nonequilibrium disk MHD generator and line-commutated inverter system

A new power control method is proposed which is suitable for the MHD power generation system which consists of nonequilibrium disk generator and line-commutated inverter. The thermal input of the generator is controlled by changing the inlet stagnation pressure, whereas the seed mass flow rate instead of the inlet stagnation pressure is utilized as a manipulated variable of power control system. It is possible that the proposed method can realize both high performance for part load operation and fast output power control of which the time constant is much shorter than the response time of thermal input. Numerical simulations are carried out for the MHD power generation system connected to infinite bus and then it is confirmed that the system is stable and shows excellent power control performance.     

磁流体发电机的归并电路

在燃煤磁流体发电机中，从几个电极上联起来取得功率是近来得到发展的负载联结方式，它被用于斜接型磁流体发电机的功率取出区和法拉第发电机的所有电极。这种联结能对各对电极的电流控制起附加作用，而且能够用调整通道电极电流去达到所希望的电气及气动力学的运行状况。这种控制电极电流牟能力在故障控制中也是有用的。在斜接型发电机中，这种回路已发展到用来控制每个斜接回路中的电流，并能隔离由阴极壁渣层短路而引起的局部阴极     

Three-Dimensional Flow Analysis in a Faraday-Type MHD Generator

This paper studies the development and analysis of the 3-D flow fields in a Faraday-type magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) generator. A large-scale pulsed MHD generator with a Faraday channel of 4.5 m has demonstrated the maximum electric power output of 510 MW. The results of the present development and simulation are compared with the experimental results of the pulsed “Sakhalin” MHD Generator power generation system. As a result, they show close agreement with experimental ones. The development of the 3-D flow, current density distribution, and generated power are presented as well.      

Performance and conceptual design of superconducting magnet for disk MHD generator

This paper describes superconducting magnets coupled with two kinds of disk-type MHD generators. One is coupled with a disk generator in the closed-cycle MHD experimental facility FUJI-1. The other is for a full-scale disk MHD generator. These are split-pair magnets. In the magnet for the FUJI-1 facility, a unique structure which supports the coils against the electromagnetic force has been fabricated and the magnet has been operating stably. During MHD power generation experiments, an induced voltage across the terminals of the coil was measured. A magnitude of the Faraday current in the generator was calculated from this induced voltage. A possible construction of magnetics for a full-scale disk MHD generator is indicated. It is suggested that a high performance of the generator (output power density of 0.3-1 GW/m³) can be obtained with high magnetic field up to 10 T.     

Fundamental experiments of radio‐frequency preionized inert gas plasma MHD electrical power generation

A seed‐free radio‐frequency (RF) preionized inert gas plasma MHD electrical power generation has been first demonstrated in fundamental experiments with a shock‐tunnel facility. An enthalpy extraction ratio of 2.6% was successfully obtained even under an inlet total temperature of 2200 K at which the power generation can be operated continuously. Since the RF input power required for the preionization tends to be increased for lower inlet total temperature, the reduction of the RF input power is needed for further improvement in the total performance.