资本与记忆冲突下的城市空间——以长沙太平街为例

在城市更新中,由于大规模资本注入,传统城市空间进行全面商业性转化,而在这个过程中城市空间的历史记忆也被取代。这是目前城市更新中一种比较普遍的模式,在很多城市都出现了这种资本与记忆产生冲突的现象,如上海、南京、武汉、长沙等等。该文通过分析对城市空间的变迁因素,对比其传统价值与城市更新后的转换价值,认为应当在传统城市空间中将鼓励原住民驻留和自主经营城市空间,适当调节外来商业置换的比例,取得资本和记忆的平衡。     

PPP模式在城市更新中的应用研究

考察了其他国家和地区的城市更新的内容和方式,并借鉴城市更新中公私营合作(PPP)模式的典型案例的经验,建立了在城市更新中应用PPP模式的运作机制和操作流程,为我国城市更新方式提供新的思路。     

Regeneration dynamics of weakly basic polyacrylyc anion exchangers saturated with sulfates

We have investigated the regeneration dynamics of weakly basic polyacrylic anion exchangers Amberlite IRA-67 and Lewatit VP.OC.1072 in the sulfuric form by sodium hydroxide within a wide range of passing velocities of the regeneration solution. It has been found that the regeneration rate is determined by diffusion of ions inside the sorbent granules. For two ion exchangers the regeneration process is satisfactorily described by the asymptotical solution of the system of equations of the intradiffusion model of ionic exchange dynamics. The value of the kinetic coefficient of internal mass transfer for Amberlite IRA-67 exceeds a similar parameter for Lewatit VP.OC.1072. According to the measurement data on the swelling of ion exchangers it was found that the degree of cross-linking of polymer chains in the Amberlite IRA-67 matrix is smaller than in the matrix of Lewatit VP.OC.1072. This explains the difference in the values of kinetic coefficients.     

Regeneration of fibrous carboxylic ion exchangers FIBAN in water treatment processes

We investigated the processes of zinc regeneration of carboxylic ion exchangers FIBAN by the solutions of sulfuric acid and sodium sulfate. It is shown that the mode of direct-flow continuous elution of the ion exchanger by the regeneration solution is not promising enough. It is planned to carry out regeneration by the solution of sulfuric acid circulating through a sorbent layer. For preparation of the ion exchanger for a new cycle of sorption it is recommended to treat the material with a mixed solution of sodium hydroxide and sodium sulfate.     

基于多分类Logistic的旧工业建筑再生模式选择分析

为确保旧工业建筑再生利用项目再生模式的合理性,对其再生模式选择进行分析。通过实地调研及文献分析,从政策、建筑、交通、环境、历史 5 个方面汇总得出 13 个影响旧工业建筑再生模式选择的因素,基于多分类 Logistic 理论建立旧工业建筑再生模式选择模型,并以南昌市 74 栋已再生利用的旧工业建筑的样本数据为基础进行实证分析,得到再生为居住建筑和工业遗址的建筑本体特点以及影响南昌市旧工业建筑模式选择的主要因素,可为旧工业建筑再生模式选择提供理论支持。     

Fluidization of ion exchangers by regeneration agents

We have established the relationships between the expansion of the layer of ion exchangers (weakly basic—Amberlite IRA 67, weakly acidic—Lewatit CNP 80, and strongly acidic—KU 2–8) and the rate, temperature, and concentration of regenerating agents (for anion exchanger—sodium hydroxide solution, for cation exchangers—sulfuric acid solutions). We have found the equations of the relationships between the expansion of the layer of ion exchangers and the rate, temperature, and concentration of regenerating agents, which makes it possible to a priori determine the mode of regeneration of ion exchangers in the fluidized layer.     

Dynamics of the chloride sorption by weak basic polyacrylic anion exchanger amberlite IRA 67

The non-equilibrium dynamics of hydrochloric acid sorption by the weak basic polyacrylic anion exchanger Amberlite IRA 67 has been investigated during the sorbent regeneration under the fluidization condition. The value of the kinetic coefficient of internal mass transfer was determined at different flow rates of the model solution at the stage of water desalting. The sorbent regeneration under the fluidization condition was found to tangibly affect the dynamics of water desalting process due to the classification of anionexchanger grains in terms of their size at the stage of regeneration. The study of the process of sorption dynamics of chloride ions by the weak basic anion-exchanger Amberlite IRA 67 makes it possible to avoid the frequent problem of biological fouling of OH-filters at the stage of water desalting.     

Scaling of free convection heat transfer in a triangular cavity for Pr > 1

Unsteady natural convection inside a triangular cavity subject to a non-instantaneous heating on the inclined walls in the form of an imposed temperature which increases linearly up to a prescribed steady value over a prescribed time is reported. The development of the flow from start-up to a steady-state has been described based on scaling analyses and direct numerical simulations. The ramp temperature has been chosen in such a way that the boundary layer is reached a quasi-steady mode before the growth of the temperature is completed. In this mode the thermal boundary layer at first grows in thickness, then contracts with increasing time. However, if the imposed wall temperature growth period is sufficiently short, the boundary layer develops differently. It is seen that the shape of many houses are isosceles triangular cross-section. The heat transfer process through the roof of the attic-shaped space should be well understood. Because, in the building energy, one of the most important objectives for design and construction of houses is to provide thermal comfort for occupants. Moreover, in the present energy-conscious society it is also a requirement for houses to be energy efficient, i.e. the energy consumption for heating or air-conditioning houses must be minimized.     

粒径对多孔介质中悬浮颗粒迁移—沉积特性的影响

粒径变化对悬浮颗粒在多孔介质中迁移—沉积过程影响的研究有重要意义。利用自主研发的砂层迁移—沉积模拟试验系统,研究不同粒径的悬浮颗粒在不同尺寸多孔介质中的迁移—沉积特性。结果表明,对于相同尺寸的多孔介质,随着悬浮颗粒粒径的增加,到达相对浓度峰值时间增加,而对应的相对浓度峰值降低;同时,对于相同粒径的悬浮颗粒,随着多孔介质尺寸增大,相对浓度峰值增加;另外,相对于多孔介质,悬浮颗粒粒径的变化对其迁移—沉积过程影响更为显著;随着多孔介质与悬浮颗粒粒径比增大,相对浓度的峰值和终值增大;根据粒径比不同将悬浮颗粒在多孔介质中的迁移—沉积类型划分为“滤饼过滤型”、“迁移—沉积型”、“自由迁移型”3种。研究结果为水源热泵回灌过程中悬浮颗粒在地层中的迁移—沉积特性进一步研究奠定了基础。     

沥青路面坑槽破损类型和修补方法

通过对坑槽破损类型及成因的研究,将坑槽分成表面层产生坑槽、表面层和中面层同时产生坑槽、底面层和基层间产生坑槽和刚性组合式路面上产生坑槽等4种。针对目前的坑槽修补技术进行了全面的介绍和分析,包括挖补法、填料法、喷补法、热再生法等4种。给出了坑槽修补的工艺步骤:坑槽成型、坑槽清理和干燥、涂黏结层、修补材料准备和摊铺、坑槽压实、封边修整工作等6大步。     

沸石去除地下水中氨氮及其再生试验研究

采用沸石柱直接过滤氨氮超标地下水，考察了滤速和原水氨氮浓度对沸石柱运行效果的影响及再生流速和再生方式对再生效果的影响，以探求简单、经济、可行的去除地下水中氨氮的工艺。结果表明，滤速越低、进水氨氮浓度越小，则沸石柱的有效运行时间越长，累计合格产水量越大；再生流速对再生效果有较大影响，再生流速为10m／h时的综合再生效果最佳；逆流再生的效果略好于顺流再生的，但差异不大；沸石具有较好的重复利用性能。     

再生实践朱屺瞻艺术馆改造

作者对改造这一课题进行了思考, 强调改f三种类型进行了分析,从过程空间, 延展视野、深度表皮、再生价值等方面对朱屺瞻艺术馆的改造进行了实践探索。     

土体在磷石膏酸液渗透作用下的物性变化试验研究

通过开展土体在磷石膏酸液渗透作用下的三轴渗透试验、土体的物性测试试验和化学成分测定试验,研究了土体在磷石膏酸液作用下的渗透系数的变化和干密度的变化,以及土样和水样的化学成分的变化。研究结果表明:当磷石膏酸液进入土体后,与土体中水溶性无机盐类以及某些矿物质发生了化学反应,在土体孔隙中生成了水溶性极差的新物质且逐步充满土体孔隙,随着渗流时间的增长,使土样的渗透系数呈幂函数规律减小,干密度逐渐增大,磷石膏酸液的酸性减弱,土体对酸液中氢离子的吸附作用,同样也会消耗酸液中氢离子,使酸液通过土样后酸性减弱。土体在磷石膏酸液的渗透作用下,随着渗流时间的增长渗透系数逐渐变小,当渗透系数足够小时可认为在土体中形成了磷石膏酸液的天然防渗层,可阻止了酸液对土壤的进一步侵蚀。     

城市基础设施PPP 模式下融资风险水平度量研究

度量城市基础设施PPP 模式下融资风险水平是一个复杂的新问题,涉及面广。结合我国具体实施情况,从PPP 模式下的融资定义界定和风险源分析为出发点,以分析城市基础设施PPP 模式下融资风险的3 个特征为基础,以风险识别方法作为操作技术,构建了全面且具有可操作性的城市基础设施PPP 模式下融资风险评价指标体系,以层次分析法度量各因素的权重,以两级模糊综合评价法度量PPP 模式下融资风险水平。旨在综合衡量定性指标和定量指标,较全面地为城市基础设施PPP 模式下融资风险水平的度量工作提供帮助。     

日本阪神·淡路震灾复兴规划的特征及启示

通过回顾日本"阪神·淡路大地震"灾后重建的规划建设过程, 阐述兵库县及神户市编制实施城市复兴规划的主要内容和构成框架, 分析复兴规划的实施过程以及相关政策措施.围绕"阪神·淡路震灾复兴规划", 从城市生活复兴、安全城市建构、城市街景再生、文化财保护等方面, 总结日本灾后复兴规划的特征和经验, 以期为我国汶川5·12大地震后的灾后重建规划提供借鉴.     

砂层劈裂–压密注浆模拟试验系统研发及试验

劈裂–压密模式是砂层注浆扩散过程的主要模式之一。为研究砂层劈裂–压密注浆扩散过程,研发了一套可视化注浆模拟试验系统,该系统由模拟试验架、地应力加载模块、动态监测模块以及注浆控制模块4部分构成,可实现劈裂–压密注浆扩散过程的可视化模拟。以青岛地区含黏性土砂层为典型被注介质,开展了砂层劈裂–压密注浆模拟试验,揭示了注浆扩散过程中劈裂通道形态、注浆压力、应力场以及位移场随时间变化规律,获得了试验条件下的砂层劈裂–压密注浆影响范围。研究结果表明:砂层注浆起裂方向与劈裂通道扩展方向均与大主应力方向一致,浆脉厚度在浆脉扩展方向上存在明显衰减;注浆会引起与劈裂通道垂直方向的应力增加,且该应力沿劈裂通道扩展方向衰减,但注浆对平行劈裂通道扩展方向的应力没有显著影响;劈裂–压密注浆对劈裂通道两侧砂层的影响范围非常有限(20～40cm)。最后从单孔注浆量、钻孔布置方面对砂层劈裂–压密注浆设计方法提出了改进建议。     

城市道路冷再生技术应用浅谈

阐述了城市道路维修冷再生技术的发展背景,结合建设南路冷再生施工实践,介绍了冷再生技术施工步骤及其应用的优、缺点,分析了冷再生技术应用的制约因素,从而为冷再生技术在城市道路建设中的应用积累了经验。     

New urban paradigm beyond the west: investigating the regeneration of urban villages in Guangzhou,China

This paper investigates the regeneration process of four urban villages in Guangzhou, China. It finds that the institutional dichotomy of the rural and urban systems in land ownership and planning management has not only rooted the emergence and proliferation of urban villages, but also obstructed their regeneration. The core of urban village regeneration is the redistribution of interest derived from land appreciation; the current regulatory framework has difficulties in accommodating this redistribution and alternative legislation is needed. Collaboration formed by some powerful stakeholders is proved to be essential for project completion, and this partnership formation has to some extent weakened the top-down single-actor planning mechanism, which has been the routine in socialist China for decades. The study identifies the dynamics of land regeneration, suggesting that there is no single universal prescribed form of land regeneration.     

政府与社区主导型旧城更新公众参与比较研究 ——以北京旧城保护区更新实践为例

进入存量规划时代,城市更新为主 的城市规划将面向更加复杂的研究对象,从 物质空间规划转向到主体与物质空间相互 叠加的“社会+物质”空间规划。城市规划 公众参与作为协调多元主体需求和意愿的平 台和手段,变得越来越重要。以北京旧城保 护区更新实践的为研究对象,划分为政府主 导型更新和社区主导型更新两种模式,选 取四个典型案例,参考政治科学和政策科学 理论,将公众参与过程看作一个政治互动过 程,建构多主体博弈系统模型,研究不同价 值取向的多主体及其博弈过程,进而对其公 众参与系统进行对比分析与总结,并提出城 市旧城更新中公众参与的改进建议。     

泡沫沥青冷再生基层的设计与施工

以某国道为例,对泡沫沥青冷再生柔性基层的设计过程和各参数的确定进行了介绍,并提出了施工要点和注意事项,指出泡沫沥青冷再生技术可节约资源、降低工程造价,值得广泛推广应用。