燃气热水器电热水器使用费用比较

<正> 液化石油气与电的比较 每钢瓶液化石油气净重假如为15 kg,每钢瓶15 kg的液化石油气目前北京约为 45元,则1kg液化石油气应为3元人民币。1kg液化石油气完全燃烧后产生的可利用热量约为10000kcal。而1度(1kW·h)电如转换为热量则为860 kcal,也就是说如要与1kg液化石油气     

氧-液化石油气火焰性能分析与切割工艺

按熵焓理论讨论了氧-液化石油气的燃烧过程,分析火焰燃烧时各区域的产热及其能量平衡,解释氧-液化石油气燃烧温度偏低的原因,提出氧-液化石油气切割适合于厚板切割的理论依据,同时介绍了氧-液化石油气切割工艺和技术方面的要点。     

液化石油气燃烧实验装置设计

液化石油气应用广泛,易发生火灾和爆炸事故。根据液化石油气燃烧特性和救援研究的需要,设计了一套液化石油气燃烧实验装置,可完成不同压力、流量下燃烧温度和热辐射量的测量和采集。实验装置的合理设计为大型液化石油气储罐的燃烧和应急救援研究奠定了基础。     

液化石油气罐用钢07MnNiMoVDR焊后热处理工艺

对液化石油气低温储罐用钢07MnNiMoVDR的焊后热处理工艺进行研究.结果表明,07MnNiMoVDR钢焊后经过560~600 ℃消除应力热处理,焊接接头力学性能最好,满足了液化石油气低温储罐和散装运输液化气体船舶制造焊接技术要求.     

液化石油气储罐常见缺陷及其处理方法

在多年实际检验工作的基础上,对液化石油气储罐中的典型缺陷进行了归纳介绍,对储罐中典型缺陷的性质与成因进行了分析,指出液化石油气储罐中的缺陷主要以裂纹、鼓包和腐蚀为主.详细介绍了这三种主要缺陷的常见形态、易发位置和缺陷性质.同时指出民用液化石油气中湿H2S的存在是造成缺陷的主要原因.另外,对实际检验工作中针对不同缺陷应采取的检验方法、检验周期及缺陷处理方法进行了探讨,并提出了预防缺陷形成的具体措施.     

气体渗碳、真空渗碳表面硬化热处理缺陷及其纠正办法 12 液化石油气及其附属设备

1.用于气体渗碳气源的性质 1.饱和的碳氢化合物(C_3H_8 C_4H_10,等等)液化石油气。①C_3H_8:液化石油气: C_3H_8:大于925％(摩尔百分数) C_3H_10,小于1.5％(摩尔百分数) C_2H_6:小于1.0％(摩尔百分数) ②C_4H_10:液化石油气:     

液化石油气灌装秤的改装

液化石油气灌装秤的改装齐齐哈尔第一机床厂赵晓雷主题词：气动控制，灌装秤我厂于１９８１年承担了大庆石油管理局南七联液化石油气机械化灌装生产线工程，液化气灌装转盘上的２４台灌装秤选用沈阳衡器厂生产的ＳＹＣ—５０型射流自动液化气秤，调试中发现这种秤存在如下...     

吉林煤气公司400米~3球罐破裂事故的分析

通过压力容器典型事故的比较、球罐开罐检查以及液化石油气物理性质、弹性壳体应力应变、断裂力学联合估算分析认为,吉林煤气公司400米~3液化石油气球罐破裂的内因是制造质量差,诱发原因是充装过量。     

国产特种铝合金抑爆材料进入实用阶段

国产特种铝合金抑爆材料进入实用阶段铝合金是一种塑性韧性大的金属材料，特别是它不钢铁那样有低温脆性，它的塑性随着温度的降低而升高，因此，它是一种制造储运低温易燃易爆物质和液化天然气与液化石油气容器的良好材料。但是，汽油、液化石油气、液化天然气等有机易燃...     

氧－液化石油气焰快速精密割嘴的研制

通过分析氧气切割的过程和氧－液化石油气焰的切割特点，论述了凹凸型割嘴具有较高的切割氧动量、纯度保持能力和预热火焰温度的机理。介绍了液化石油气凹凸型割嘴的结构及主要参数。     

Chemical route to synthesis of mesoporous ZnO thin films and their liquefied petroleum gas sensor performance

In the present work, we report base free chemical bath deposition (CBD) of mesoporous zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films from urea containing bath for liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) sensor application. Mesoporous morphology with average pore size ∼2 μm and wurtzite crystal structure are confirmed from scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The surface of ZnO is hydrophobic with water contact angle 128 ± 1°. Optical study reveals the presence of direct bad gap with energy 3.24 eV. The gas sensing study reveals the mesoporous ZnO is highly selective towards LPG as compared with CO₂ and maximum LPG response of 52% is achieved upon the exposure of 3900 ppm LPG at 573 K as well as good reproducibility and short response/recovery times.     

埋地液化石油气储罐阴极保护的设计与施工

在液化气加气站的液化石油气（LPG）地下储罐施工中,牺牲阳极阳极保护与防雷,防静电要求之间存在较明显的矛盾,但又是安全运行所必需的,通过对加气站的监检及对有关资料的查阅,提出了LPG地下储罐阴极保护设计与施工方面的一些建议。     

16MnR钢液化石油气球罐失效分析

对从某厂整体LPG球罐上取下的严重腐蚀球壳板进行了宏观分析，并对其裂纹和鼓泡特征进行光学显微镜和扫描电镜等微观分析.结果表明，球罐失效与钢中沿带状珠光体分布的长条型MnS夹杂和LPG中H2S浓度密切相关.     

LPG储罐焊接接头低温抗断裂性分析

通过ＣＯＤ试验测定了两种用于ＬＰＧ储罐建造的结构钢焊接接头低温抗断裂性能，研究了材料与工艺组合、试验温度等因素对焊接接头低温抗断裂性的影响，所得结果为ＬＰＧ储罐的选材与焊接工艺制定、结构的抗断裂分析提供了基础数据。     

含钒超细晶粒WC—（Ni,Fe）系硬质合金复合粉的研制

用超声喷雾制备的（Ｗ,Ｎｉ,Ｆｅ,Ｖ）系纳米级复合氧化物粉末,在管式还原炉内以不同流量的液化石油气还原碳化,制备含Ｖ的超细晶粒硬质合金粉末。用化学分析、Ｘ射线衍射（ＸＲＤ）和透射电镜（ＴＥＭ）确定粉末的成分、物相组成及粉末颗粒形貌和粒度范围。将合金粉末热压成合金试样,观察Ｖ元素的分布及对ＷＣ晶粒长大的抑制作用。结果表明,１２０ｍＬ·ｍｉｎ(－１)的液化气流量,虽可使复合氧化物转变成ＷＣ,ＶＣ,Ｎｉ,Ｆｅ相,但会造成合金粉中含有很高的游离Ｃ。当液化气流量为４３ｍＬ．ｍｉｎ(－ｌ)时,合金粉的物相组成及游离Ｃ含量全部达到要求。电镜观察证实,Ｖ元素可以抑制ＷＣ晶粒长大,并主要分布在粘结相中     

Preparation and properties of porous ceramics from spodumene flotation tailings by low-temperature sintering

Porous ceramics were prepared with spodumene flotation talings (SFT), kaolin and low-melting point glass (LPG) powder, whose pores were formed by the chemical reaction of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). LPG was used to reduce the sintering temperature of porous ceramics and kaolin was used to realize the adsorption to methylene blue (MB) of porous ceramics. The average flexural strength, compressive strength, apparent porosity, water absorption and maximum MB adsorption capacity were 5.60 MPa, 4.66 MPa, 52.27%, 44.32% and 0.7 mg/g, respectively. Moreover, the results of orthogonal experiments present that the sintering temperature and the dosage of H₂O₂ had great influence on the mechanical properties and apparent porosity of porous ceramics, respectively. The main reason for the improvement of mechanical properties of porous ceramics was that LPG gradually became soft with increasing the sintering temperature, which made the mineral particles adhere to each other closely. Kaolinite was not completely converted into metakaolin at 550 °C, which might be the main reason why porous ceramics had adsorption properties.     

Rapid chemical vapor infiltration of C/C composites

With liquid petrol gas (LPG) as carbon source, carbon felt as porous perform and hydrogen as diluent, C/C composites were fast fabricated by using a multi-physics field chemical vapor infiltration (MFCVI) process in a self-made furnace. A set of orthogonal experiments were carried out to optimize parameters in terms of indices of density and graphitization degree. The results show the optimal indices can be achieved under the conditions of temperature 650 °C, LPG concentration 80%, gas flux 60 mL/s, total pressure 20 kPa, infiltration time 15 h. The verification experiment proves the effectiveness of the orthogonal experiments. Under the optimal conditions, the graphitization degree of 75% and bulk density of 1.69 g/cm are achieved with a uniform density distribution. At the same time, a new structure is obtained.     

液化气球罐腐蚀应变疲劳裂纹分析

本文采用显微组织、成分分析和断口分析等对液化气贮罐在使用中产生裂纹的类型和原因进行了综合分析,说明裂纹是腐蚀应变疲劳作用的结果。     

Numerical simulation and analysis on the deep drawing of LPG bottles

Deep drawing is one of the most used sheet metal forming processes in the production of automotive components, LPG bottles and household goods, among others. The formability of a blank depends on the process parameters such as blank holder force, lubrication, punch and die radii, die-punch clearance, in addition to material properties and thickness of the sheet metal. This paper presents a numerical study made on the deep drawing of LPG bottles. In particular, the application of both variable blank holder forces and contact friction conditions at specific location during deep drawing are considered. The numerical simulations were carried out with DD3IMP FE code. A variable blank holder force strategy was applied and the numerical results were compared with results from other blank holder force schemes. It is evident that the proposed variable blank holder force scheme reduces the blank thinning when compared to other schemes; the friction coefficient also has a significant influence on the stress–strain distribution.