循环冷却水系统垢样分析结果探讨

通过对炼厂循环冷却水系统垢样成份的分析,结合换热设备的垢层状况,判断出冷却水系统的水冷却器腐蚀、结垢倾向,为循环冷却水系统的控制提供依据。     

C95800阀门铸件中铁和镍的成分解析

ASTMB148标准中的C95800牌号属于铜一铝一铁一镍四元复杂青铜。由于其强度、塑性、耐蚀等综合性能较好，是一种适合制造中低压阀门的材料。通过分析铁元素和镍元素在铝青铜合金中的作用机制，说明ATM B148标准规定C95800中铁含量不能超过镍含量的原因，并探讨了实际生产中控制合金中铁含量和镍含量的方法。     

炼油循环冷却水系统运行状况分析及调整

根据日常挂片腐蚀检测、在线检测换热器检测、检修时水冷设备外观观察和垢样分析,判断炼油系统循环冷却水的运行情况,并根据实际情况对水处理剂进行调整优化,提高缓蚀率。     

炼油循环冷却水系统运行状况分析及调整

根据日常挂片腐蚀检测、在线检测换热器检测、检修时水冷设备外观观察和垢样分析,判断炼油系统循环冷却水的运行情况,并根据实际情况对水处理剂进行调整优化,提高缓蚀率。     

BTA在发电机冷却水系统中的应用

发电机冷却水系统中空芯铜导线的腐蚀问题一直难以控制。在两台双水内冷发电机上进行了加与不加铜缓蚀剂BTA的对照试验,一年多的运行实践表明,添加BTA之后,内冷水中铜离子含量明显减小,能有效抑制铜导线腐蚀。     

丁二烯装置冷凝器E-203A腐蚀原因分析

本文针对某公司丁二烯装置冷凝器E-203A的严重腐蚀情况,对冷凝器清洗使用的水质进行了分析和腐蚀性评价、对冷凝器管束外垢样进行了分析并对现场循环冷却水系统的清洗预膜效果进行了监测,根据分析和监测结果,深入地分析了冷凝器E-203A的腐蚀原因．     

EDTA-CuNa2对医用镁合金微弧氧化膜性能的影响

目的 在镁合金表面生成一层含铜氧化膜,以提高镁合金的耐蚀性和抗菌性.方法 利用微弧氧化技术在镁合金表面生成含铜氧化膜,用SEM、EDS和电化学工作站研究含铜电解质浓度对镁合金氧化膜的表面形貌、成分和耐蚀性的影响,及含铜氧化膜的腐蚀机理.结果 随着EDTA-CuNa2浓度的增加,一方面,更多的Cu/Mg构成微电偶腐蚀电池,加速镁合金的腐蚀;另一方面,析出的Cu覆盖在镁合金基体表面对镁合金起着保护作用,同时由于Cu的电位更正,促使镁合金的腐蚀电位正移,降低镁合金腐蚀倾向.EDTA离子是一种腐蚀性介质,0.01 mol/L EDTA–的腐蚀性比3.5％NaCl略强.随着EDTA-CuNa2浓度的增加,溶液中含有更多的EDTA离子和Cu离子,导致镁合金基体的腐蚀电流增大,耐蚀性降低.镁合金在含EDTA-CuNa2的电解质中氧化时,由于EDTA离子和Cu离子共同对镁合金腐蚀导致Cu离子难以参与成膜.EDTA离子和铜离子对镁合金均具有腐蚀作用,所以限制了铜离子进入氧化膜中.结论 随着EDTA-CuNa2浓度的增加,氧化膜中的铜元素含量缓慢增加,氧化膜的腐蚀电位正移,腐蚀电流密度变化不大.     

油井管杆腐蚀结垢原因分析及防治技术

华北岔河集油田已进入高含水开发期,在油井检泵中发现抽油杆、油管腐蚀的井数不断增多,且腐蚀程度有加剧之势,一些油井还伴有结垢现象,直接影响了油井正常生产。针对这一问题,从现场腐蚀结垢调查入手,通过采出液性质、垢样成分分析得出,导致杆、管腐蚀结垢的主要原因是采出水矿化度高、离子含量高、游离CO₂含量高,以及硫酸盐还原菌和管杆偏磨的共同作用。通过防腐防垢剂筛选及复配实验,得到了最佳防腐防垢剂配方,现场应用效果明显,使油井平均检泵周期延长了3.9倍。     

不同Mn含量Cu-Mn合金熔覆层的腐蚀特性（英文）

为研究不同Mn含量Cu-Mn合金熔覆层的腐蚀特性和防污性能，利用激光熔覆技术制备了成分均匀、稀释率低的Cu-Mn合金熔覆层。采用电化学测试、盐雾腐蚀实验、腐蚀形貌观察及铜离子释放试验对3种不同Mn含量的Cu-Mn合金熔覆层在3.5%（质量分数）NaCl溶液中的腐蚀特性进行研究，重点研究了Mn对腐蚀产物和铜离子释放率的影响。结果表明：在电化学测试中，随着Mn含量增多，熔覆层的耐腐蚀性降低。盐雾腐蚀实验中，随着Mn含量的增多，Cu-Mn合金熔覆层腐蚀程度加深，平均质量损失增大。对电解腐蚀后的熔覆层样品进行腐蚀形貌观察，Mn含量高的Cu-Mn合金样品生成的腐蚀产物较低Mn含量的样品更疏松，裂纹孔洞数量多，腐蚀产物更易剥落。铜离子释放试验中，3种Mn含量合金熔覆层样品都可以抑制海洋生物生长，且Mn含量越高，铜离子渗出率越大，在防污材料方面有良好的应用前景。     

拜耳液中铁的行为研究

本文对拜耳液中铁的行为进行了研究.考察了保温时间、过滤温度、过滤介质和铝土矿中的硫对拜耳液铁含量的影响;铝土矿中硫含量高是引起拜耳液中铁含量高的主要原因;对含Na2S的碱液中的铁化合物进行了粒度和ze协电位的测定,证明了胶体态铁化合物的存在.     

Corrosion of Copper by Water of Various Temperatures and carbon dioxide contents

An investigation on corrosion of copper exposed to natural soft water with and without humic substances and at different temperatures and carbon dioxide levels is performed. The corrosion rate increases with the carbon dioxide content and is higher in water containing humic matter. For water which does not contain organic matter the corrosion rate increases with the temperature to a maximum at about 50°C and then decreases at higher temperatures. In water containing organic matter no such reductions is found. The corrosion rate is nearly constant from 50°C and up to 70°C. Pitting corrosion on copper is greatest in the temperature region where the surface corrosion is greatest. Iron seems to take part in the reaction process which leads to formation of pitting on copper.     

Influence of organic matter on orthophosphate corrosion inhibition for copper pipe in soft water

The adverse effects of organic matter on orthophosphate corrosion inhibition for copper pipe in simulated soft water were investigated. Sodium alginate and fulvic acid were selected to simulate extracellular polymeric substance produced by bacteria and natural organic matter in potable water. The results showed that the doses of organic matters, pH values and stagnation times had significantly affected on the function of orthophosphate corrosion inhibition for copper pipe in soft water. More soluble copper release was observed in low levels for sodium alginate (1 mg/l as TOC) and in high concentration for fulvic acid (16 mg/l as TOC). When the concentration of fulvic acid was high, the 2-week aged copper pipe released more soluble copper than the 6 and 12-month aged copper pipe. The soluble copper release increased with the reduction of initial pH value. Effect of stagnation time on soluble copper release from different aged copper pipe in soft water was highly variable. Compared to the system of no organic matters, organic matters markedly decreased the efficiency of orthophosphate corrosion inhibition for copper pipe in soft water.     

低合金钢中合金元素高温氧化行为研究

对低合金钢进行了900~1 200 ℃高温氧化实验,对钢中Si、Mn、Cu、Cr和Ni等合金元素的高温氧化行为进行了研究。结果表明：高温下Si元素与Cu元素存在明显的富集,Si元素会氧化生成Fe2SiO4,阻碍铁离子在氧化铁皮中的扩散,使钢具有一定的抗氧化性;Cu元素可以改善钢的强度、韧性与耐腐蚀性,但是高温氧化后极易形成“富铜液相”,导致出现“铜脆”现象;在1 200 ℃下,Cr元素和Ni元素也会发生富集,Cr在高温下会在氧化铁皮和基体钢之间形成FeCr2O4,同样具有一定的抗氧化性;Mn的氧化物与Fe的氧化物很相似,两者相应氧化物有很高的互溶度;Ni元素对氧化过程没有较大的影响。     

9F级燃气-蒸汽联合循环供热机组循环冷却水电化学处理试验研究

循环冷却水电化学处理是利用水及水中矿物质的电化学特性,在外加直流电的作用下,使部分结垢物质以固体形态在阴极析出,同时可以调节循环冷却水的pH,并施加阴极保护.阳极则产生具有强氧化性的杀菌物质,加上水经过电化学设备处理后,水分子团会变小,使循环冷却水系统中的离子浓度在较高的情况下仍可很好的控制腐蚀发生及微生物滋生.循环冷...     

350MW湿冷燃煤供热机组循环冷却水生化处理试验研究

循环冷却水生化处理技术摒弃了传统的火电厂循环冷却水化学药剂处理方法,利用经过筛选、培养、驯化的有益微生物菌群和相适应的营养调节剂对敞开式循环冷却水进行微生物化学处理,大幅度提高循环冷却水倍率,实现循环冷却系统的阻垢、缓蚀、杀菌灭藻等目标,保证循环冷却水系统安全、稳定、经济及环保运行.通过循环冷却水生化处理动态模拟试验,...     

Influence of Cr Content on the Corrosion of Fe–Cr Alloys: The Synergistic Effect of NaCl and Water Vapor

The corrosion behavior of pure Fe and Fe–Cr alloys with different Cr content in the presence of a solid NaCl deposit and water vapor at 600°C was studied. Results indicated that the corrosion of pure Fe was severe even in air at 600°C and the scale formed on the surface was compact and uniform. However, with a solid NaCl deposit on its surface, the corrosion of pure iron in air was suppressed to some extent, but the presence of water vapor in the atmosphere causes accelerated corrosion. Under the synergistic effect of NaCl and water vapor, the corrosion of pure iron is accelerated more significantly. In contrast with the known effect of Cr content on the oxidation of Fe–Cr alloys, an increasing Cr content in Fe–Cr alloys increases the corrosion rate of the alloys under the synergistic effect of solid NaCl and water vapor. A mechanism to explain the effect of water vapor and NaCl on the corrosion of pure iron and Fe–Cr alloy is proposed.     

Untersuchungen zur Wirksamkeit des Natriumsalzes der 1-Hydroxyethan-1,1-diphosphonsäure als Inhibitor für Kupferwerkstoffe in Kühlwasser

Investigations on the efficiency of sodium salt of 1-hydroxyethan-1,1-diphosphonic acid as inhibitor for copper materials in cooling water The effect of sodium salt of 1-hydroxyethan-1,1-diphosphonic acid on the corrosion rates of copper, CuZn30, CuZn20A12 and CuNi10Fe1Mn in cooling water was investigated gravimetrically using a recirculating loop. In the presence of zinc ions sodium salt of 1-hydroxyethan-1,1-diphosphonic acid decreases corrosion rates. This phosphonate in connection with zinc salt is a promising inhibitor for CuZn20A12 in cooling water circulating systems.     

高效低膦复合型缓蚀阻垢剂的研制

Taking organic phosphonic acid, organic phosphono carboxylic acid, surfactant, and sale with zinc as main material, a new organic multicomposite scale and corrosion inhibitor was complexed. Petrochemical company after the circulating cooling water in the depth of treatment as the media, the corrosion inhibition rate and scale inhibition rate were determined by rotation coupon corrosion and calcium carbonate precipitation methods, then six kinds of composice scale and corrosion inhibiton formnala were choisen. The comparison results to merchant products show that the corrosion inhibiton rate and scale inhibition rale of six corrosion and scale inhinbitors are more than 95% , and scale inhibition rale for calcium carbonale is 95% or more. The corrosion inhibition and scale inhibition performances of the high efficent and environmental protection inhibition are more excellent than that of merchant products.     

重粉尘环境敞开循环冷却水系统水稳剂的研制

针对重粉尘环境发电厂敞开循环冷却水系统的工艺条 件，通过旋转腐蚀挂片试验、静态阻垢试验、动态污垢热阻及腐蚀速度测试等一系列试验， 研制了其相应的水稳剂.     

Effects of benzotriazole on the corrosion of Cu10Ni alloy in sulfide-polluted salt water

Benzotriazole (BTAH) is shown to inhibit the corrosion of the Cu10Ni alloy in salt water polluted by sulfide ions. The presence of sulfide ions (at 2 ppm) decreases the inhibiting efficiency of BTAH against the corrosion of Cu10Ni alloy. This is illustrated by measurements of the integral weight loss of the alloy, its average corrosion rate and the weight of the corrosion product film over exposure times of up to 840 h. The results are interpreted in terms of competitive adsorption of the protective BTAH and the corrosion promoting sulfide ions on the alloy surface. In the presence of high concentration of BTAH, X-ray diffraction measurements revealed the absence of copper sulfide in the corrosion product film while metallographic examination revealed a much lower extent of corrosion.