高速列车车体结构设计及强度分析

根据高速客车车体结构的特点,设计出二等车的拖车车体。为降低车体的重量和提高车体的抗压能力,车体的钢结构采用大型中空挤压铝型材;通过刚度等效法建立车体等效模型,并对其进行有限元分析,详细分析其主要结构的应力;通过对垂向载荷工况、纵向拉伸载荷工况、纵向压缩载荷工况、气动载荷工况的分析计算,得到了车体钢结构满足强度和刚度的要求、强度薄弱部位主要表现为局部应力集中的结论。解决应力集中问题不应通过加大构件断面尺寸,而应采用降低应力集中的结构措施或局部补强,并提出了设计改进意见。     

基于ANSYS的集装箱平车车体有限元分析

依据TB/T1335-1996《铁道车辆强度设计及鉴定规范》的有关内容以及实际运行情况,采用有限元法对某集装箱平车车体的刚度和强度进行了仿真分析,分析结果表明车体的变形和应力分布合理,车体的刚度和强度均满足设计要求。     

快速市域车铝合金车体侧墙结构设计

快速市域车车体整体式侧墙以铝合金型材和板材为材料,采用大型中空铝合金挤压型材整体组焊加工后,与门立柱板材单元、端角柱型材、雨檐板材、电解锁钥匙和外紧急衬套板材焊接而成。文中阐述了侧墙板型材的轻量化设计,整体式侧墙、门立柱板材单元、端角柱工艺豁口、新型板材折弯雨檐、新型电解锁钥匙衬套和外紧急衬套的设计优点,并对其各个部分设计目的进行了说明。最后通过对整车模型在各种工况下的静强度计算来分析侧墙结构的合理性,发现其静强度满足设计要求,设计合理。     

CRH3型动车组中间车车体结构强度分析

在充分了解分析CRH3铝合金中间车车体结构和材料力学性能的基础上,采用有限元分析软件ANSYS建立车体有限元模型,参照相应规范,对车体在垂直载荷、纵向压缩、拉伸、气动及合成载荷工况作用下的强度和刚度进行校核,并为铝合金车体结构的改进和优化设计提供依据。得出结论：车体强度、刚度满足要求。此外还对铝合金设计中应注意的问题提出了有价值的建议。     

CRH3型动车组中间车车体结构强度分析

在充分了解分析CRH3铝合金中间车车体结构和材料力学性能的基础上,采用有限元分析软件ANSYS建立车体有限元模型,参照相应规范,对车体在垂直载荷、纵向压缩、拉伸、气动及合成载荷工况作用下的强度和刚度进行校核,并为铝合金车体结构的改进和优化设计提供依据。得出结论：车体强度、刚度满足要求。此外还对铝合金设计中应注意的问题提出了有价值的建议。     

动车组头车车体疲劳强度分析

以某350km/h动车组头车车体为研究对象,在ANSYS中建立车体有限元模型,依据EN12663标准对其进行刚度和静强度分析,得到车体垂向最大变形为539mm,最大当量应力为2802MPa,最大当量应力出现在空气弹簧约束处,小于材料的屈服极限,满足车体刚度和静强度要求;根据动车组实际线路运行情况,增加明线会车、隧道会车、隧道通过和侧风工况4种气动载荷工况进行静强度分析,4种工况车体的静强度均小于车体材料的屈服极限;采用Goodman疲劳曲线图对车体疲劳强度进行评估,各部位安全系数均大于1,满足疲劳强度的要求。     

CRH3型动车组中间车车体结构强度分析

在充分了解分析CRH3铝合金中间车车体结构和材料力学性能的基础上,采用有限元分析软件ANSYS建立车体有限元模型,参照相应规范,对车体在垂直载荷、纵向压缩、拉伸、气动及合成载荷工况作用下的强度和刚度进行校核,并为铝合金车体结构的改进和优化设计提供依据.得出结论:车体强度、刚度满足要求.此外还对铝合金设计中应注意的问题提出了有价值的建议.     

动车组车体底架制造工艺研究

针对某型号动车组车体底架框架特殊的结构和材料,从工装设计、组装工艺、焊接工艺和调修工艺四个方面对其底架制造工艺进行了研究,通过采用合理、可靠的制造工艺,使动车组车体底架具有足够的刚度和强度,保证了车辆运行的安全。     

地铁车体的静强度和疲劳强度模拟研究

地铁车体是地铁最基本的组成结构,也是乘客接触最多的结构,因此地铁车体的安全性和可靠性尤为重要.为研究地铁车体的静强度和疲劳强度特性,采用SolidWorks建立了经过合理简化的车体三维模型,利用ANSYS软件Workbench对车体结构依次进行了网格划分、材料设置及载荷添加,计算得到不同工况下车体的静强度,并对车体做出...     

一种轨道工程车车体振动原因分析及隔振优化措施探讨

本文对一种轨道工程车出现车体振动过大的现象,参照标准TB/T 3550.1-2019《机车车辆强度设计及试验鉴定规范车体:客车车体》并结合有限元分析软件,从动力装置与车体结构方面分析、探讨其产生振动的原因及隔振优化措施。     

A study on fluctuating pressure load on high speed train passing through tunnels

The carbody structure of a high speed train passing through a tunnel is subjected to pressure fluctuation. Fatigue strength of the carbody structure against the fluctuating pressure loading should be proved in the design stage for safety. In this study, to get the useful information on the pressure fluctuation in the tunnel, measurement has been conducted during test running of KHST on the high speed line for two years. The measured results were analyzed and arranged to be used for carbody design. A prediction method for the magnitude and frequency of pressure change was proposed and the propagating characteristics of pressure wave was investigated. By statistical analysis for the measured results, a pressure loading spectrum for the high speed train was given. The proposed method can also be used to estimate the pressure loading spectrum for new high speed line at design stage combined with the results of train performance simulation.     

离散变量优化设计方法及其在轻轨车车体设计中的应用

针对轻轨车车体的特点,在连续变量优化分析的基础上,提出了改进的离散变量优化算法。算法将约束条件中的应力函数按照泰勒级数在连续变量优化解附近展开,近似用设计变量的一次函数替代,然后在一定的误差范围内,剔除不符合要求的多数解,在少量剩余解中用有限元验算求得最优解。按此方法设计的车体已用于实际运行的轻轨车辆。     

A lightweight design approach for an EMU carbody using a material selection method and size optimization

This study proposes a weight reduction design approach for urban transit carbody using a material selection method and size optimization. First, the material selection method, which uses specific stiffness and strength indices to predict the weight reduction rate, is set up when the materials of the under-frame and roof structure are substituted. The CFRP was chosen as the best weight reduction material in terms of the material selection method but was not appropriate for application to an urban transit carbody as a thin panel because of out-of-plane deformation. Therefore, we applied CFRP-AL honeycomb sandwich composites to the under-frame and roof structures, and the size optimization method was subsequently applied to derive a lightweight composite hybrid carbody design. Finally, the proposed approach was applied to an urban transit carbody, i.e., a Korean electrical multiple units carbody made of aluminum extrusion profiles. The weight of the optimized composite hybrid carbody design was 29.0% lighter than that of the original K-EMU. The resulting composite hybrid carbody design satisfied the design guidelines of the Performance test standard for K-EMU according to the corresponding FE simulations.

     

轨道车辆车体磁流变弹性体吸振器的建模与仿真

以降低城市轨道交通车辆车体的垂向振动、提高乘客舒适度为目的,根据动力吸振器理论及磁流变弹性体刚度可调的特性,设计一种并联安装在车体底部的半主动式磁流变吸振器。为保证磁流变吸振器工作性能稳定,分析磁流变吸振器的磁路结构,利用多元回归分析法拟合励磁电流对磁流变弹性体工作区磁场强度的影响关系,提出励磁电流对磁场强度的控制算法。针对城轨车辆工况变化频繁、车体振动特性复杂的特点,建立对车体宽频振动适应性强的磁流变吸振器系统,研究其对车体垂向减振特性的影响,并利用Sperling指标验证了磁流变吸振器系统的减振能力。结果表明,所设计的磁流变吸振器结构紧凑且安全性高,对车下剩余空间的利用具有合理性;所建立的磁流变吸振器系统振动频带宽,可与车体始终处于谐振状态,使车辆的运行品质时刻保持在优级。论文的工作为利用磁流变弹性体的轨道车辆车体半主动式吸振器的应用提供了参考依据。     

高速列车车体加速寿命试验载荷谱编制及分析

铝合金车体是高速列车的关键核心部件,设计中需要满足超长疲劳寿命要求。工程中,为避免实际运行中发生疲劳失效,同时降低试验成本,常采用加速寿命试验方法。采用车辆系统动力学方法计算获得车体随机载荷谱,对载荷谱进行处理,得到载荷频次图;基于FKM标准,编制三种载荷比下1×10⁷次循环对应的车体加速载荷谱;采用有限元法,分别施加三种载荷比条件下的载荷谱,得到对应的加速系数;分别采用线性及非线性损伤累积理论,分析载荷块谱的加载顺序对车体损伤累积的影响。得出结论：在原始载荷谱和加速载荷谱作用下,车体结构各点疲劳损伤均小于1,满足设计要求;分别提高载荷比至P=1/3和P=2/3,对应的加速系数为12.75和218.65;载荷谱加载顺序对车体疲劳累积损伤有影响：以P=2/3为例,高-低顺序载荷谱循环632次时,损伤值累积达1,而对应相同的损伤值,低-高顺序载荷谱仅需要循环614次。结果表明车体承受载荷存在低应力幅占优的特点,即低-高加载顺序具有更好的加速效果。对车体加速寿命试验载荷谱的编制及分析方法研究,为车体台架疲劳试验提供理论依据及科学指导。     

Effect of train carbody’s parameters on vertical bending stiffness performance

Finite element analysis(FEA) and modal test are main methods to give the first-order vertical bending vibration frequency of train carbody at present, but they are inefficiency and waste plenty of time. Based on Timoshenko beam theory, the bending deformation, moment of inertia and shear deformation are considered. Carbody is divided into some parts with the same length, and it’s stiffness is calculated with series principle, it’s cross section area, moment of inertia and shear shape coefficient is equivalent by segment length, and the fimal corrected first-order vertical bending vibration frequency analytical formula is deduced. There are 6 simple carbodies and 1 real carbody as examples to test the formula, all analysis frequencies are very close to their FEA frequencies, and especially for the real carbody, the error between analysis and experiment frequency is 0.75%. Based on the analytic formula, sensitivity analysis of the real carbody’s design parameters is done, and some main parameters are found. The series principle of carbody stiffness is introduced into Timoshenko beam theory to deduce a formula, which can estimate the first-order vertical bending vibration frequency of carbody quickly without traditional FEA method and provide a reference to design engineers.     

Carbody structural lightweighting based on implicit parameterized model

Most of recent research on carbody lightweighting has focused on substitute material and new processing technologies rather than structures. However, new materials and processing techniques inevitably lead to higher costs. Also, material substitution and processing lightweighting have to be realized through body structural profiles and locations. In the huge conventional workload of lightweight optimization, model modifications involve heavy manual work, and it always leads to a large number of iteration calculations. As a new technique in carbody lightweighting, the implicit parameterization is used to optimize the carbody structure to improve the materials utilization rate in this paper. The implicit parameterized structural modeling enables the use of automatic modification and rapid multidisciplinary design optimization （MDO） in carbody structure, which is impossible in the traditional structure finite element method （FEM） without parameterization. The structural SFE parameterized model is built in accordance with the car structural FE model in concept development stage, and it is validated by some structural performance data. The validated SFE structural parameterized model can be used to generate rapidly and automatically FE model and evaluate different design variables group in the integrated MDO loop. The lightweighting result of body-in-white （BIW） after the optimization rounds reveals that the implicit parameterized model makes automatic MDO feasible and can significantly improve the computational efficiency of carbody structural lightweighting. This paper proposes the integrated method of implicit parameterized model and MDO, which has the obvious practical advantage and industrial significance in the carbody structural lightweighting design.     

货运动车组车体-集装箱耦合振动特性研究

目前我国货运动车组正在研制中,货运列车速度的提升将对车辆振动产生重要影响,既有不考虑车-货间耦合作用的研究方式将不再能准确反映高速货运动车组的振动特性。考虑车辆与其所承载集装箱的耦合关系,建立货运动车组动力学模型,研究不同速度等级下车体和集装箱的响应特征,对比车体与集装箱体间是否采用耦合关系的情况下系统振动特征的异同点,获得车体及集装箱在两种模型处理方式下车体端部和中部集装箱、车体、构架横向加速度和摇头角加速度等的时频域特性。结果表明,研究车速200 km/h以上的货运动车组的动力学特性时需要考虑车体-集装箱之间耦合振动关系;考虑车体-集装箱耦合振动关系后,可反映集装箱的振动引起车体和构架在某些频段内振动幅值增大、振动能量增加及车体端部集装箱的横向振动大于中部集装箱等特征。     

中白货运1型机车车体结构研究

介绍了中白货运1型机车车体的结构特点、参数,阐述了车体主要部件的结构,并对车体结构进行了强度计算分析,计算结果表明,车体结构强度满足要求。     

新型矿用救生舱防护密闭门的抗冲击性分析

针对新型矿用救生舱防护密闭门在井下瓦斯爆炸时受到的冲击载荷,在分析现有舱门结构的基础上提出了一种新型救生舱防护密闭门结构,通过动力学分析软件ANSYS Autodyn模拟了井下瓦斯爆炸,得到了舱门在爆炸发生后所承受冲击载荷的分布规律,并利用有限元软件ANSYS Workbench对新型舱门整体结构和各零部件进行了静载计算与分析,得到了防护密闭门各个构件的应力在不同爆炸时间点的变化值及最大应力发生的位置,研究了新型舱门结构的抗冲击性能.分析结果表明,在爆炸过程中新型舱门各构件的最大应力均在选用材料的许用范围内,验证了新型救生舱防护密闭门结构设计满足矿用救生舱的使用要素,同时也为救生舱的进一步研发提供了一定的参考依据.