摩托车发动机电控系统匹配技术与性能研究

在FY125-3P摩托车的FY156FMI发动机上,采用闭环电控技术,进行发动机与整车的优化匹配,与原化油器车相比,测得所开发的电控摩托车工况法CO、HC和NOx的排放量显著减少,低于欧Ⅲ排放限值的70%;发动机外特性燃油耗下降了15.9%;后轮驱动功率和最高车速稍小于化油器车,加速性能优于化油器车,尤其是超越加速性能提高明显.     

FSC赛车小型发动机涡轮增压匹配优化与性能预测

通过涡轮增压来提高FSC赛车的比功率。根据目标功率对涡轮增压器进行选型计算。通过GT-Power软件仿真对FSC赛车用450mL发动机进行了涡轮增压匹配分析。通过GT-Power数值模拟对涡轮增压器压气机尺寸进行优化,以提高增压器的综合效率和响应速度。匹配分析与仿真结果表明,对增压器压气机尺寸进行优化能够有效地改善从市场上挑选的增压器与FSC小型发动机匹配效果。通过匹配增压器并进行优化,赛车的比功率增加了44%。     

有叶普通涡轮增压器与发动机稳态匹配模型的建立、验证与模拟

建立了在稳态工况下有叶普通涡轮增压器和发动机匹配的数学模型，讨论了建模中的几个关键问题。在此基础上，利用Simulink建立了有叶固定截面涡轮增压器与发动机匹配的模拟模型，并通过发动机与涡轮增压器的匹配试验对模拟模型进行了验证，结果表明模型是正确的，并互具有较高的准确性。最后，通过模拟给出了不同发动机工况下的增压压比、过量空气系数、涡轮膨胀比、增压器转速等变化情况，得出了一些有关涡轮增压器与发动机匹配的结论。     

基于AVL-BOOST的天然气发动机性能优化仿真

采用AVL-BOOST软件建立了天然气发动机的数学模型,验证了模型的有效性,通过变参数研究,分析了压缩比、点火提前角对发动机动力性和经济性的影响。研究结果表明,随着压缩比的增大,发动机的有效功率和最高爆发压力均呈上升趋势,压缩比在10～13的范围内,最高压力升高率始终在爆震警戒线以下,在点火提前角为27°～36°CA范围内,发动机的有效功率随着点火提前角的增大而增加,同时发动机的燃油经济性得到改善。     

基于AVL-BOOST的天然气发动机性能优化仿真

采用AVL-BOOST软件建立了天然气发动机的数学模型,验证了模型的有效性,通过变参数研究,分析了压缩比、点火提前角对发动机动力性和经济性的影响。研究结果表明,随着压缩比的增大,发动机的有效功率和最高爆发压力均呈上升趋势,压缩比在10～13的范围内,最高压力升高率始终在爆震警戒线以下,在点火提前角为27°～36°CA范围内,发动机的有效功率随着点火提前角的增大而增加,同时发动机的燃油经济性得到改善。     

发动机低温起动加温锅性能匹配研究

为进行发动机低温起动加热系统加温锅性能匹配,采用AMESIM软件建立了某发动机加热系统模型,研究了不同的加热功率对发动机起动性能的影响。结果表明：存在一个满足起动性能要求的最小的加热功率,同时也存在使起动准备时间最短的最佳加热功率。其结论对匹配加温锅功率具有一定的参考价值。     

车用发动机匹配优化的一种试验分析方法

基于一台公路运输车辆在典型路段的使用试验,通过采集发动机电控系统的信息,结合发动机在台架上的试验数据,加上传统的整车路试试验统计方法,得到平均车速、平均燃油耗、档位利用率分布、车速分布、整车运行工况在发动机万有特性上的分布等结果,提出了车用发动机在整车上匹配优化的一种新的试验分析方法。     

机组用天然气发动机开发

以某V型增压水冷柴油机为原型机,新开发HC8V132G机组用天然气发动机。对柴油机进行冷却系统、燃烧系统、进气系统等重新设计,匹配燃气供给系统、点火系统和电控系统。对发动机进行了传感器和性能标定。采用高效稀薄燃烧控制策略,通过氧传感器采集尾气中的O_2含量计算空燃比,控制燃气Trim阀开度,实现燃气进气量的调整,完成发动机实际空燃比和设定空燃比闭环控制。试验结果表明,新开发的机组用天然气发动机达到了功率设计要求。     

基于响应面法的高强化柴油机燃烧系统多参数多目标优化匹配研究

通过引入一种新的优化方法———响应面法,对高强化柴油机燃烧系统进行多参数多目标优化匹配研究。基于有限数量的CFD三维仿真结果,构建了以燃烧室喉口半径、涡流比和喷孔数为输入参数及功率和最高燃烧压力为输出结果的响应面函数,并通过其进行各参数对性能影响的显著性检验和降维分析。基于所得响应面函数进行多参数全局寻优,得到3种具有不同特点的优化方案并与原方案进行缸内微观过程的对比分析。研究结果表明:对于所研究的机型,在喷油压力及喷孔流通面积恒定的情况下,燃烧室喉口半径与喷孔数的匹配和燃烧室喉口半径与涡流比的匹配分别是对功率和最高燃烧压力的主要影响因素;随着喷孔数的增加,功率对涡流比和燃烧室喉口半径的敏感程度逐渐减小,最高燃烧压力对燃烧室喉口半径的敏感程度逐渐增加;在所得的3种优化方案中,10孔和8孔方案可分别单独显著改善功率和最高燃烧压力指标,9孔方案可同时小幅度改善功率和最高燃烧压力指标。     

发动机外特性对整车动力性的影响分析

用AVL-Cruise软件以某两厢乘用车模型为平台,通过对汽车的驱动力和行驶阻力的分析,分析发动机外特性对整车动力性的影响。通过CRUISE对发动机与整车的性能匹配计算,某汽油机的优化方案对整车的最高车速影响不大,高转速段最大扭矩的提升,使整车的加速时间减小了0.11 s,低转速段扭矩略有降低使得最大爬坡度降低了0.21%,计算结果可以为发动机设计开发提供一些参考依据。     

CY6102 BZQ型柴油机的研制

论述了6102BZQ型增压柴油机的研制。该机在6102系列柴油机基础上,采用废气涡轮增压进行技术改造,提高了标定功率,增大了扭矩储备。动力性和经济性均处于国内领先水平。该机装车道路试验情况良好,特别适合高原地区环境条件使用。     

Analysis of CO2 emissions and of the other characteristics of the European market of new passenger cars. 3. Brands analysis

This article analyses the engine and vehicle characteristics and CO₂ emissions of the new passenger cars for the thirteen major brands of the European market. As in the first two articles of this work, the target is to find the real market parameters influencing exhaust CO₂ emissions. This analysis is focused on the sales distribution of the major brands, EU average and within each country, and four main parameters of each brand having an impact on CO₂ emissions: average vehicle weight, average engine capacity, average maximum and specific power. The average CO₂ emissions of each brand on the new European driving cycle and its urban and extra urban parts are examined at the last part of this article.     

车用柴油机气—气中冷器数学模型及应用

本文针对车用柴油机普遍采用的“管带式”结构中冷器，利用计算与试验相结合的方法总结出了中冷器冷却效率和阻力系数与柴油机工作参数相关联的中冷器数学模型，数学模型反映的关系与试验结果取得了良好的吻合，应用该模型于增压中冷柴油机工作过程模拟计算也获得了较好的效果。     

Fuel consumption and emission comparison of conventional and hydrogen feed vehicles

Current environmental concerns on nitrogen oxides (NO_x) and particulate matter (PM) emissions caused by diesel engines have led researchers to be interested in investigating vehicles with alternative power sources. Because of this reason, vehicle models with SI engine were adopted in the conducted study. Firstly, as an initial step, 1-D SI engine models were created with use of AVL Boost software. A four-cylinder engine model was created for conventional vehicle model, while a two-cylinder downsized engine was adopted as a subsystem of hybrid vehicle model. The models were based on experimental data obtained from a laboratory test setup with a single-cylinder engine. Subsequently, detailed engine maps on emissions and fuel consumption were generated with the developed ANN model. The fuel consumption and emission data, which were gathered from NEDC and WLTC simulations, were compared for conventional ICE, PEM FC and PEM FC + ICE powered vehicles with the help of the vehicle model which was developed by using Matlab Simulink software. Based on the results, it was concluded that there might be sufficient improvement in fuel consumption and significant improvement in emissions with the use of PEM FC that a hybrid driving system (PEM FC + ICE) can be utilized, and that emissions can be at 0 with the sole use of PEM FC.     

自由活塞发动机关键设计参数及其性能的仿真优化研究

针对拟开发设计的用于混合动力汽车的自由活塞发动机-发电机系统,对其自由活塞发动机的关键设计参数(活塞组件质量、压缩比、点火提前角及其经济性和动力输出特性),进行了仿真优化研究。研究结果表明:经参数优化后的自由活塞发动机标定功率为7.42 kW,相比原机的标定功率提高了1.17 kW;最低燃油消耗率为313.4 g/(kW·h),相比原机节省燃油34%。     

柳发6108Q型柴油机的研制

本文论述了柳发６１０８Ｑ型柴油机的设计原则和改进的主要技术措施．通过扩缸、加行程、改进燃烧系统和冷却系统、选用优质材料、采用先进加工工艺等方法,使整机性能达到同类机先进水平,定型试验表明：该机功率大、扭矩覆盖面广、低油耗区宽,是５～８ｔ车的理想配套动力．     

Modelling and validation of a gas engine heat pump working with R410A for cooling applications

Gas engine heat pumps play an important role in energy saving and environment protection in both cooling and heating applications. In the present work, a thermal modelling of the gas engine driven heat pump in cooling mode is performed and system main parameters such as cooling capacity, gas engine energy consumption and primary energy ratio (PER) are computed. The modelling of the gas engine heat pump includes modelling of the scroll compressor, the plate evaporator and the gas engine. Discharged refrigerant mass flow rate and compressor power represent the main output parameters of the compressor semi-empirical model. Using the discharged refrigerant mass flow rates along with the available evaporation heat transfer correlations, the system cooling capacity is deduced. Based on the present experimental data, a correlation of gas engine energy consumption as function of compressor power, engine speed and ambient air temperature is obtained. Furthermore, the gas engine heat pump model is validated by comparing experimental and simulation data. The model error percentages to predict the cooling capacity, the gas engine energy consumption and the PER are 7%, 5%, 6% respectively.     

An adsorption air conditioning system to integrate with the recent development of emission control for heavy-duty vehicles

The recent development to control the emissions of large diesel engines has provided opportunities for heat-driven cooling methods in vehicles. An adsorption air conditioning system is therefore proposed in this work for heavy-duty truck application. This system is powered by engine waste heat when the engine of a truck is running. When the engine is off, it can be operated by fuel fired heaters, a newly implemented technology to reduce truck idling. Hence, this system can not only reduce engine emissions but also improve the overall energy efficiency. A lumped parameter model of the system using zeolite-water as its working pair is developed, and the adsorption capacity of zeolite is simulated with the linear driving force model. The dynamic performance of the system and a parametric study on adsorbent mass transfer, operating temperatures and cycle operating periods are presented. Alternative working pairs and the potential to commercialize the system are also discussed. This system may be designed to satisfy the cooling requirement for idle reduction of long-haul trucks.     

Analysis of the CO2 emissions and of the other characteristics of the European market of new passenger cars. 2. Segment analysis

This article analyzes the engine and vehicle characteristics and the CO₂ emissions of the new passenger cars for all segments of the European market. As in the first article of this work, the target is to find the real market parameters influencing exhaust CO₂ emissions. The present analysis is focused on the segment sales distribution (EU average and within each country) and also in four parameters of each segment influencing CO₂ emissions: average vehicle weight, average engine capacity, average maximum and specific power. The second part of this work concerns the CO₂ emissions of each segment on the New European Driving Cycle and its urban and extra urban parts.     

汽油机瞬态排放检测的新实践

本文介绍了采用底盘测功机和常规废气分析仪检测汽车发动机瞬态排放的方法，给出了修正排放检测信号的时间延迟和幅值畸变的措施。对搭载电喷汽油机的三种车型进行了加速一滑行模式的瞬态排放检测，提出了基于符号时间序列方法分析发动机瞬态排放的思路。