慢性硬膜下血肿钻孔冲洗引流术的护理

总结了30例慢性硬膜下血肿患者采用钻孔冲洗引流术的护理,包括术前做好健康教育及术前准备;术后密切观察病情;予体位、引流管的护理、症状护理及出院指导.认为充分的术前准备,术后严密观察病情及做好引流管的护理,对保证疗效、促进患者早日康复至关重要.     

3例糖尿病乳酸酸中毒患者的救治体会

对3例糖尿病低血糖昏迷升乳酸性中毒患者进行纠酸、降血糖、大量补液及对症治疗等.结果 1例患者成功救治,该患者住院23天好转出院.认为密切观察病情变化,加强心理护理,做好出院健康教育,可促进患者早日康复.     

25例主动脉夹层围术期护理

总结了25例主动脉夹层围术期的护理经验,包括:术前绝对卧床休息;严密血流动力学监测,严格控制血压、心率;适当镇痛;加强心理干预.术后对循环系统、呼吸系统严密监护;注意手术相关并发症的观察;加强引流和出血的监测;维持水、电解质平衡;加强生活护理.认为通过有效的术前、术后护理,帮助患者安全度过围手术期,能有效降低死亡率.     

臂丛神经损伤患者的围术期护理

对24例臂丛神经损伤的患者加强术前心理护理,做好各种准备工作,术后密切观察伤口渗血情况,做好基础生活护理及康复训练护理.通过对臂丛神经术后的精心治疗和护理,促进患者早日恢复自理能力.     

椎间盘镜治疗极外侧型腰椎间盘突出症的围手术期护理

总结了16例椎间盘镜治疗椎间孔外突出型极外侧型腰椎间盘突出症的护理体会,包括:术前做好心理护理、体位训练及排便练习;术后除观察伤口情况、生命体征、双下肢运动、感觉情况外,加强腰背部功能锻炼.认为通过围手术期的精心护理,保证了手术治疗效果,促进了患者早日康复.     

门脉高压症术后护理体会

总结了门脉高压术后的护理体会,包括:术后一般护理及术后并发症的护理.认为做好术后的病情观察和实施积极有效地护理措施,对保证治疗效果,促进患者早日康复有着重要意义.     

经皮肾镜碎石术后并发症的观察与护理

总结了125例经皮肾镜碎石术(PCNL)后并发症的观察与护理,包括出血、感染、漏尿及尿外渗、邻近器官损伤.认为术后加强病情观察,做好伤口及管道的护理,可减少并发症的发生,有利于患者早日康复.     

恶性胆道梗阻患者经皮肝穿刺胆道引流及胆道支架置入治疗的术后护理

总结了27例经皮肝穿刺胆道引流及胆道支架置入治疗患者恶性胆道梗阻的术后护理体会,包括:密切观察患者生命体征及有关症状的改善情况,做好饮食护理、皮肤护理,及早发现并处理术后并发症等.认为加强对患者的护理指导能明显改善患者的生活质量,延长其生存时间.     

66例甲型H1N1流感患者的观察及护理

总结了66例甲型H1N1流感患者的临床护理经验,包括患者的隔离安置,基础护理,危重患者的危机值监测及高热、呼吸衰竭的护理,孕妇的护理,治疗用药观察及标本采集等,认为落实隔离防护措施,能有效防止交叉感染;加强基础护理,密切观察病情变化,及时发现高危患者及危重症状,做好危重患者的护理,是预防和减少并发症,提高抢救成功率,促进患者康复的重要措施.     

急性主动脉夹层患者的护理

总结了急性主动脉夹层的临床观察和护理,包括:给予绝对卧床、降血压、镇痛、介入治疗等综合治疗.认为早期诊断和及时恰当的治疗、严密观察病情变化和精心护理是降低病死率的关键.     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.     

浅析《野草》的版画特征

鲁迅先生一生热爱美术作品,对版画中木刻兴趣尤甚.<野草>作为其"写心之作",亦呈现出一些与木刻版画一致的审美特征:一是具有木刻版画的色彩特征,多对比、多冷色,有阴郁的美感;二是具有木刻版画的力度特征,环境描写、人物刻画处处刀锋毕现,遒劲有力,有一种"力之美".     

四辊破碎机车刀架的改造

针对四辊破碎机车刀架车削中存在的几个问题,详细介绍了电动车刀架的结构和工作原理,建立主要设计参数的数学表达式,并进行适当的分析。改造后,这种电动车刀架运行平稳、可靠、方便、省力,取得了预期的效果。     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.