物联网取证综述

物联网时代的到来为人们带来极大的便利,但也使得网络攻击的范围更广,带来了新的网络空间安全威胁.海量的物联网设备保留了丰富的数字痕迹,可以洞悉人们在家中和其他场所的各种行为,这对于数字取证具有重要意义.针对物联网取证展开深入讨论,从物联网取证的兴起、发展和研究现状入手,进一步探讨数字取证模型、1-2-3区域方法模型、并行...     

一种用于网络取证分析的模糊决策树推理方法

网络取证是对现有网络安全体系的必要扩展,已日益成为研究的重点.但目前在进行网络取证时仍存在很多挑战:如网络产生的海量数据;从已收集数据中提取的证据的可理解性;证据分析方法的有效性等.针对上述问题,利用模糊决策树技术强大的学习能力及其分析结果的易理解性,开发了一种基于模糊决策树的网络取证分析系统,以协助网络取证人员在网络环境下对计算机犯罪事件进行取证分析.给出了该方法的实验结果以及与现有方法的对照分析结果.实验结果表明,该系统可以对大多数网络事件进行识别(平均正确分类率为91.16%),能为网络取证人员提供可理解的信息,协助取证人员进行快速高效的证据分析.     

Internet of things: Survey on security

The Internet of things (IoT) is intended for ubiquitous connectivity among different entities or “things”. While it provides effective and efficient solutions to many real world challenges, the security aspect of it has always been questioned. The situation is further exacerbated by the number of connected devices growing exponentially. As a result, security and privacy has emerged as a significant challenge for the IoT. In this paper, we aim to provide a thorough survey on IoT security and privacy challenges from the perspective of technologies and architecture used. This work focuses on IoT intrinsic vulnerabilities and their implications to the fundamental information security challenges in confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The approach of this survey is to summarize and synthesize published work in IoT; relate it to the security conjuncture of the field; and project future research directions.     

新型智能终端取证技术研究

随着移动互联网的广泛应用,智能手机、平板等新型智能终端设备在各种各样的违法犯罪活动中开始扮演越来越重要的角色,从涉案手机中提取的数据常常包含与违法犯罪行为相关的重要线索和证据。然而,移动智能终端设备不断提升的安全设计可能使得取证人员无法从设备中提取数据,给电子数据取证鉴定工作提出了新的挑战。本文详细分析当前主流的iOS、Android和Windows Phone等平台下的移动设备的安全机制,研究了主要的安全机制破解和取证技术及其在目前电子数据取证工作中的应用。最后,对未来面向新型移动智能终端电子数据取证技术研究发展方向进行了探讨。     

基于区块链的物联网认证机制综述

随着物联网(Internet of Things, IoT)技术的高速发展,各类智能设备数量激增,身份认证成为保障IoT安全的首要需求.区块链作为一种分布式账本技术,提供了去信任的协作环境和安全的数据管理平台,使用区块链技术驱动IoT认证成为学术界和工业界关注的热点.基于云计算和云边协同两种架构分析IoT身份认证机制设计的主要需求,总结区块链技术应用于IoT场景面临的挑战;梳理现有IoT身份认证机制的工作,并将其归结为基于密钥的认证、基于证书的认证和基于身份的认证;分析应用区块链技术的IoT认证工作,并根据认证对象和附加属性对相关文献进行归纳和总结.从形式化和非形式化两个方向总结基于区块链的IoT认证机制的安全性分析方法.最后展望了未来研究方向.     

数字取证研究现状与发展态势

本文介绍了数字取证技术的发展历程和现状,结合云计算、移动互联网、大数据、物联网等为代表的新一代信息技术发展,分析了当前数字取证面临的技术挑战,基于国内外主要研究机构的相关调研情况介绍了当前数字取证技术的若干研究热点和发展态势,并给出了数字取证技术方面的研究发展思考。     

Forensic Investigation Through Data Remnants on Hadoop Big Data Storage System

Forensic examiners are in an uninterrupted battle with criminals in the use of Big Data technology. The underlying storage system is the main scene to trace the criminal activities. Big Data Storage System is identified as an emerging challenge to digital forensics. Thus, it requires the development of a sound methodology to investigate Big Data Storage System. Since the use of Hadoop as Big Data Storage System continues to grow rapidly, investigation process model for forensic analysis on Hadoop Storage and attached client devices is compulsory. Moreover, forensic analysis on Hadoop Big Data Storage System may take additional time without knowing where the data remnants can reside. In this paper, a new forensic investigation process model for Hadoop Big Data Storage System is proposed and discovered data remnants are presented. By conducting forensic research on Hadoop Big Data Storage System, the resulting data remnants assist the forensics examiners and practitioners for generating the evidences.     

A blockchain-based decentralized efficient investigation framework for IoT digital forensics

The Journal of Supercomputing - Until now, there has been little research on digital forensics in the IoT (Internet of Things)-based infrastructure. Current digital forensic tools, investigation...     

An Approach for Validation of Digital Anti-Forensic Evidence

ABSTRACT

e-crime is increasing and e-criminals are becoming better at masking their activities. The task of forensic data analysis is becoming more difficult and a systematic approach towards evidence validation is necessary. With no standard validation framework, the skills and interpretation of forensic examiners are unchecked. Standard practices in forensics have emerged in recent years, but none has addressed the development of a model of valid digital evidence. Various security and forensic models exist, but they do not address the validity of the digital evidence collected. Research has addressed the issues of validation and verification of forensic software tools but failed to address the validation of forensic evidence. The forensic evidence collected using forensic software tools can be questioned using an anti-forensic approach. The research presented in this paper is not intended to question the skills of forensic examiners in using forensic software tools but rather to guide forensic examiners to look at evidence in an anti-forensic way. This paper proposes a formal procedure to validate evidence of computer crime.     

基于MQTT协议扩展的IoT设备完整性监控

随着物联网飞速发展,设备数量呈指数级增长,随之而来的IoT安全问题也受到了越来越多的关注.通常IoT设备完整性认证采用软件证明方法实现设备完整性校验,以便及时检测出设备中恶意软件执行所导致的系统完整性篡改.但现有IoT软件证明存在海量设备同步证明性能低、通用IoT通信协议难以扩展等问题.针对这些问题,本文提供一种轻量级的异步完整性监控方案,在通用MQTT协议上扩展软件证明安全认证消息,异步推送设备完整性信息,在保障IoT系统高安全性的同时,提高了设备完整性证明验证效率.我们的方案实现了以下3方面安全功能:以内核模块方式实现设备完整性度量功能,基于MQTT的设备身份和完整性轻量级认证扩展,基于MQTT扩展协议的异步完整性监控.本方案能够抵抗常见的软件证明和MQTT协议攻击,具有轻量级异步软件证明、通用MQTT安全扩展等特点.最后在基于MQTT的IoT认证原型系统的实验结果表明, IoT节点的完整性度量、MQTT协议连接认证、PUBLISH报文消息认证性能较高,都能满足海量IoT设备完整性监控的应用需求.     

区块链在数据安全领域的研究进展

大数据时代,数据已成为驱动社会发展的重要的资产.但是数据在其全生命周期均面临不同种类、不同层次的安全威胁,极大降低了用户进行数据共享的意愿.区块链具有去中心化、去信任化和防篡改的安全特性,为降低信息系统单点化的风险提供了重要的解决思路,能够应用于数据安全领域.该文从数据安全的核心特性入手,介绍区块链在增强数据机密性、数...     

Quality assurance evidence collection model for MSN forensics

Instant Messaging (IM) applications have become an important tool for business and social communication. However, when using IM, individuals and companies expose themselves to many security threats. Collecting all available data and preserving the integrity of evidence is a challenging task to perform IM forensics. In particular, under resource constrained situations, a good evidence collection mechanism is required to provide effective event collection in a network environment with heavy traffic. The emphasis of this paper is on the development of an effective evidence collection control mechanism that achieves an optimal outcome with a reasonable forensic service requests acceptance ratio and tolerable level of data capture loss. In this paper, we propose an evidence collection control model used in network forensics, called Quality Assurance Evidence Collection (QAEC). QAEC dynamically adjusts the amount of data to be collected on an evidence flow according to the storage capacity level. QAEC is firstly modeled as the Continuous Time Markov Chain (CTMC) and is realized by a cost function that comprises both flow-level and packet-level components to reflect the efforts on the evidence reconstruction process. We also present a prototype system (known as the MSN-Shot) as a MSN forensic system which uses QAEC to select an appropriate evidence collection strategy to maximize the given cost function. With the numerical analysis and prototype results, this study confirmed that the QAEC model meets cost-effective requirements and provides a practical security solution and guarantees a high level of quality assurance for network forensics.     

数字取证技术及其发展趋势

数字取证技术已经成为信息安全领域研究热点之一。本文首先分析了数字取证的定义以及数字证据的特性。然后从取证过程模型、取证分析技术以及取证产品、标准和法规方面重点阐述了数字取证技术的研究现状,讨论了数字取证分析技术的分类方法以及文件雕刻取证分析技术。分析了数字取证领域中存在的难点问题,探讨了数字取证技术研究的发展趋势。     

物联网设备漏洞挖掘技术研究综述

随着物联网设备的迅速发展和广泛应用,物联网设备的安全也受到了严峻的考验。安全漏洞大量存在于物联网设备中,而通用漏洞挖掘技术不再完全适用于物联网设备。近几年,针对物联网设备漏洞的挖掘技术逐渐成为热点。本文将分析物联网设备漏洞挖掘技术面临的挑战与机遇,然后从静态分析,动态模糊测试,以及同源性分析三个方面来介绍物联网设备漏洞挖掘技术的研究进展。最后本文将对今后该领域的研究重点和方向进行讨论和展望。     

Privacy preserving Internet of Things: From privacy techniques to a blueprint architecture and efficient implementation

The Internet of Things (IoT) is the latest web evolution that incorporates billions of devices that are owned by different organisations and people who are deploying and using them for their own purposes. IoT-enabled harnessing of the information that is provided by federations of such IoT devices (which are often referred to as IoT things) provides unprecedented opportunities to solve internet-scale problems that have been too big and too difficult to tackle before. Just like other web-based information systems, IoT must also deal with the plethora of Cyber Security and privacy threats that currently disrupt organisations and can potentially hold the data of entire industries and even countries for ransom. To realise its full potential, IoT must deal effectively with such threats and ensure the security and privacy of the information collected and distilled from IoT devices. However, IoT presents several unique challenges that make the application of existing security and privacy techniques difficult. This is because IoT solutions encompass a variety of security and privacy solutions for protecting such IoT data on the move and in store at the device layer, the IoT infrastructure/platform layer, and the IoT application layer. Therefore, ensuring end-to-end privacy across these three IoT layers is a grand challenge in IoT. In this paper, we tackle the IoT privacy preservation problem. In particular, we propose innovative techniques for privacy preservation of IoT data, introduce a privacy preserving IoT Architecture, and also describe the implementation of an efficient proof of concept system that utilises all these to ensure that IoT data remains private. The proposed privacy preservation techniques utilise multiple IoT cloud data stores to protect the privacy of data collected from IoT. The proposed privacy preserving IoT Architecture and proof of concept implementation are based on extensions of OpenIoT - a widely used open source platform for IoT application development. Experimental evaluations are also provided to validate the efficiency and performance outcomes of the proposed privacy preserving techniques and architecture.     

利用块效应特征的JPEG图像盲取证研究进展

数字图像的盲取证技术由于不依赖任何预嵌入的信息来鉴别图像真实性和完整性的优势,正逐步成为数字媒体安全领域新的研究热点。由于JPEG图像是目前最流行的图像格式,并且块效应是JPEG图像与生俱来的本质特征,因此如何更加有效地利用块效应特征对JPEG图像的真伪进行盲取证研究具有非常重要的现实意义和应用价值。首先对目前国内外利用JPEG图像编码特性的盲取证方法进行归类分析;然后重点针对利用块效应特征的JPEG图像盲取证技术展开讨论,详细介绍并总结了基于块效应测度和基于块效应网格提取的两类盲取证算法的核心思想和局限性;最后提出了存在的问题及未来的研究方向。     

A survey on data fusion in internet of things: Towards secure and privacy-preserving fusion

Internet of Things (IoT) aims to create a world that enables the interconnection and integration of things in physical world and cyber space. With the involvement of a great number of wireless sensor devices, IoT generates a diversity of datasets that are massive, multi-sourcing, heterogeneous, and sparse. By taking advantage of these data to further improve IoT services and offer intelligent services, data fusion is always employed first to reduce the size and dimension of data, optimize the amount of data traffic and extract useful information from raw data. Although there exist some surveys on IoT data fusion, the literature still lacks comprehensive insight and discussion on it with regard to different IoT application domains by paying special attention to security and privacy. In this paper, we investigate the properties of IoT data, propose a number of IoT data fusion requirements including the ones about security and privacy, classify the IoT applications into several domains and then provide a thorough review on the state-of-the-art of data fusion in main IoT application domains. In particular, we employ the requirements of IoT data fusion as a measure to evaluate and compare the performance of existing data fusion methods. Based on the thorough survey, we summarize open research issues, highlight promising future research directions and specify research challenges.     

一种基于计算机取证的信息一致性方案

计算机数据自身的脆弱性,使计算机取证信息的一致性问题成为计算机证据鉴定过程中的关键所在。该文在计算机取证的基础上,运用DSA签名机制,提出了一种证明计算机证据完整性的一致性方案。该方案能够在计算机系统运行过程中,实时、安全地转移所获取的取证信息,并进行证据固定,以保证其完整性。在基于某些密码学假设的前提下,证明了方案的安全性。     

Data Security Storage Model of the Internet of Things Based on Blockchain

With the development of information technology, the Internet of Things (IoT) has gradually become the third wave of the worldwide information industry revolution after the computer and the Internet. The application of the IoT has brought great convenience to people’s production and life. However, the potential information security problems in various IoT applications are gradually exposed and people pay more attention to them. The traditional centralized data storage and management model of the IoT is easy to cause transmission delay, single point of failure, privacy disclosure and other problems, and eventually leads to unpredictable behavior of the system. Blockchain technology can effectively improve the operation and data security status of the IoT. Referring to the storage model of the Fabric blockchain project, this paper designs a data security storage model suitable for the IoT system. The simulation results show that the model is not only effective and extensible, but also can better protect the data security of the Internet of Things.     

电子数据证据收集系统的研究与保护

随着计算机犯罪的不断增加,电子数据取证技术（digital forensic technology）越来越受到人们的重视．电子数据证据不同于传统的犯罪证据,它们更加容易消失和被破坏,为了获得完整可信的电子数据证据,提出应在敏感主机中预先安装设置电子数据证据收集系统（digital evidence collecting system．DECS）,用来收集系统中的相关证据．由于DECS的某些模块往往存在于被攻击系统之中,提出使用安全隔离环境是保护电子数据证据收集机制有效的方法,并设计了一个安全保护机制——I-LOMAC．