基于离散余弦变换的自适应数字音频水印技术研究

提出了一种将灰度图像嵌入到音频信号的数字水印算法 .该算法以包含丰富信息的灰度图像作为数字水印 ,首先利用 DCT静态图像压缩技术 ,将二维数字水印 (灰度图像 )编码成一维二进制序列并进行随机置乱 ,再对数字音频信号进行分段处理并依据人类听觉系统 (HAS)择段做离散余弦变换 (DCT) ,最后在离散余弦变换域内通过修改中高频 DCT系数完成水印信息的自适应嵌入 .实验结果表明 :该自适应数字音频水印算法不仅具有较好的透明性 ,而且对诸如叠加噪声、有损压缩、低通滤波、重新采样、重新量化等攻击均具有较好的鲁棒性     

图像特征里的小波域水印算法

提出一种基于图像特征区域的鲁棒水印算法。确定载体图像的关键点,利用轮廓跟踪工具勾出嵌入水印区域的轮廓,从而确定嵌入位置。对确定的图像区域做离散小波变换（DWT）。将由密钥产生的水印信息按照从大到小的顺序嵌入到低频变换域里,再做离散小波逆变换,将抽出的部分与含水印部分叠加,得到完整含水印图像。实验结果证明,算法既保证了载体图像的视觉质量,同时对于一般常见攻击也具有较好的鲁棒性。     

DCT域自适应彩色图像二维数字水印算法研究

以离散余弦变换(DCT)、静态图像压缩编码、人眼视觉特性(HVS)为基础,提出一种将灰度图像(即二维数字水印)嵌入到原始彩色图像中的新数字水印算法．该算法具有以下特点：(1)应用静态图像压缩编码技术实现了以二维数字水印作为水印信号的数字水印算法;(2)充分利用HVS实现了二维数字水印的自适应嵌入,增强了算法的透明性和鲁棒性;(3)能够依据原始彩色载体图像内容实现数字水印嵌入深度的智能调节．实验结果表明：文中算法不仅具有较好的透明性,而且对如叠加噪声、JPEG压缩、平滑滤波、几何剪切、图像增强、马赛克效果等攻击均具有较好的鲁棒性。     

Adaptive removable visible watermarking technique using dual watermarking for digital color images

This paper proposes a removable visible watermarking system based on a dual watermark technique and blind removal. A visible watermark pattern is embedded in the cosine discrete transform (DCT) domain, taking into consideration the texture and luminance features of the watermark and host images to create a visible watermarked image. To prevent illegal visible watermark removal, the original watermark is embedded in an invisible manner in the visible watermarked image by employing the Quantization Index Modulation-Dither Modulation (QIM-DM) technique, thus ensuring that the original watermark cannot be obtained by malicious attacks. The visible watermark removal process is carried out using only the correct user’s keys, without the need for additional information, such as the original watermark or the original host image, which allows a high-quality image to be obtained; however, if the user’s keys used in the removal process are wrong, the visible watermarked image suffers higher distortion in its content, even in non-visible watermarked regions. The experimental results show that the proposed system outperforms previous related works in terms of blind removal, preservation of the quality of the unmarked recovered image, and higher visual degradation of the content in the recovered image if an illegal removal attempt is performed.     

基于奇偶量化的Contourlet变换域指纹图像水印算法

提出了一种基于奇偶量化的Contourlet变换域指纹图像水印算法。原始指纹图像经过Contourlet变换后，分解为一系列多尺度、局部化、方向性的子带图像，选择在低频子带中嵌入经过二维Arnold置乱加密后的水印。嵌入水印时，采用奇偶量化算法修改低频子带的系数。水印提取时，不需要原始图像，实现了盲提取。实验结果表明，提出的指纹图像水印算法能够较好地抵抗JPEG有损压缩、叠加噪声、剪裁等攻击，具有较好的不可见性和鲁棒性，提高了指纹识别的可靠性。     

借助LDPC码提高数字水印鲁棒性

根据数字水印系统与通信系统模型的等效性，本文提出了一种基于LDPC码的鲁棒性图像数字水印方案。该之置采用LDPC码作为水印信道编码，对图像水印传输进行差错控制， 把用心码编码后的水印序列嵌入原始图像的频域，在提取水印时采用LPDC码的迭代译码算法。仿真实验结果表明，该方案降低了水印在传输过程中的误码率，提高了水印的抗 抗攻击能力，具有很好的鲁棒性和视觉不可见性。     

基于DCT和SVD的图像哈希水印算法

为使频域水印技术更好地应用于数字图像的版权保护,提出一种基于离散余弦变换和奇异值分解相结合的图像哈希水印算法。利用DWT变换提取载体图像的低频系数矩阵构造水印;对载体图像进行分块DCT变换,提取每个子块的低频系数;对低频系数所组成的矩阵进行SVD变换,在对角阵上嵌入水印;对频域系数进行逆变换得到含水印图。将已有算法和当前所提出的算法进行对比,实验结果表明,所提水印算法具有良好的不可感知性和鲁棒性。     

Imperceptible digital watermarking scheme in multiple transform domains

A novel imperceptible digital watermarking scheme in multiple transform domains is presented, where the cover image is dealt with by discrete wavelet transform (DWT), discrete cosine transform (DCT) and discrete fractional random transform (DFRNT), while the watermark image is scrambled by Arnold transform and logistic map. First the watermark is scrambled by the Arnold transform, then the row and the column of the resulting watermark are scrambled by the Logistic map, respectively. In addition, four sub-band images are generated from the host image by the two-dimensional discrete wavelet transform. The low-frequency sub-band images are divided into 8?×?8 small matrices, and a coefficient matrix is produced by performing the discrete cosine transform on each matrix. An intermediate matrix with the same size as the watermark image is constructed by the intermediate frequency coefficients. Then the discrete fractional random transformation is performed on the intermediate frequency coefficient matrix and the scrambled watermark is embedded into the discrete fractional random transformation domain. Compared with the previous schemes, the proposed digital watermarking scheme has stronger imperceptibility and robustness.     

基于反攻击的数字图像水印方法

在实际应用中 ,加有水印的数字图像不可避免会遭到一些有意或无意的攻击 .针对一些常用的攻击方法 ,提出了一种反攻击方法和相应的水印算法 ;算法自适应地选择水印嵌入位置和确定水印序列长度 ;水印嵌入在 DWT域进行 ;根据人眼视觉掩蔽特性确定水印嵌入强度 .实验结果表明该方法具有较好的图像自适应性和水印不可见性 ;对JPEG压缩、图像加噪声和图像滤波等常见的攻击方法具有极强的鲁棒性     

An adaptive audio watermarking based on the singular value decomposition in the wavelet domain

This paper presents a secure, robust, and blind adaptive audio watermarking algorithm based on singular value decomposition (SVD) in the discrete wavelet transform domain using synchronization code. In our algorithm, a watermark is embedded by applying a quantization-index-modulation process on the singular values in the SVD of the wavelet domain blocks. The watermarked signal is perceptually similar to the original audio signal and gives high quality output. Experimental results show that the hidden watermark data is robust to additive noise, resampling, low-pass filtering, requantization, MP3 compression, cropping, echo addition, and denoising. Performance analysis of the proposed scheme shows low error probability rates. The data embedding rate of the proposed scheme is 45.9 bps. The proposed scheme has high payload and superior performance against MP3 compression compared to the earlier audio watermarking schemes.     

An adaptive watermarking approach based on weighted quantum particle swarm optimization

In this paper, we propose a novel optimal singular value decomposition (SVD)-based image watermarking approach that uses a new combination of weighted quantum particle swarm optimization (WQPSO) algorithm and a human visual system (HVS) model for both the hybrid discrete wavelet transform and discrete cosine transform (DCT). The proposed SVD-based watermarking approach initially decomposes the host image into sub-bands; afterwards, singular values of the DCT of the lower sub-band of the host image are quantized using a set of optimal quantization steps deduced from a combination of the WQPSO algorithm and the HVS model. To evaluate the performance of the proposed approach, we present tests on different images. The experimental results show that the proposed approach yields a watermarked image with good visual definition; at the same time, the embedded watermark was robust against a wide variety of common attacks, including JPEG compression, Gaussian noise, salt and pepper noises, Gaussian filters, median filters, image cropping, and image scaling. Moreover, the results of various experimental analyses demonstrated the superiority of the WQPSO approach over other optimization techniques, including classical PSO and QPSO in terms of local convergence speed, resulting in a better balance between global and local searches of the watermarking algorithm.     

基于DWT-SVD的奇异向量量化水印算法

提出了一种新颖的可用于版权保护的小波奇异值分解的量化水印算法。与传统的水印比特信息直接嵌入小波系数不同,水印信息被量化嵌入原始图像小波低频子带分块奇异值分解得到的奇异向量中。水印提取无需原始图像,可在密钥和量化阂值控制下实现盲提取。实验表明,含水印图像质量好且能较好地抵抗常规的图像处理,对JPEG压缩具有优异的鲁棒性。     

基于小波变换和神经网络的盲数字水印算法

文中提出了一种基于小波变换和神经网络的盲数字水印算法。算法嵌入的水印信息是一幅二值图像,每位水印信息被连续多次嵌入宿主图像小波分解的低频子带。利用提取含水印图像小波分解的低频子图的特征点坐标集估计水印图像遭受的几何失真,根据估计的几何失真参数对受到几何攻击的水印图像进行校正,最后利用神经网络很好的非线性映射和自适应学习功能实现水印信息的盲提取。实验表明,算法对常见的图像处理和几何攻击具有很好的鲁棒性。     

Novel robust image watermarking based on subsampling and DWT

This paper presents a robust digital image watermarking scheme based on subsampling and DWT. Subsampling is firstly used to construct a subimage sequence as a video segment. Then, a random watermark sequence satisfied with Gaussian distribution is block-wised embedded into the DWT domain of these subimages repeatedly using the video watermarking technique. And watermark is detected through computing correlation between watermark and watermarked frames. The experiment results demonstrate that the proposed scheme achieves good robustness against JPEG compression, common image processing operation and geometric distortions. Furthermore, the proposed watermarking scheme is also robust against linear collusion and other video watermarking attacks.     

实离散分数Krawtchouk变换及其在数字图像水印中的应用

目的传统Krawtchouk变换处理图像时存在变换域信息表示单一、不可调节等问题,传统分数阶Krawtchouk变换处理实信号表示有冗余等问题。为了构造更加灵活的图像变换域表示,提出了实离散分数阶Krawtchouk变换,并应用于数字图像水印。方法利用对传统Krawtchouk变换矩阵特征值分解的方式,通过对分解后的特征值矩阵的实矩阵分数化构造得到了实离散分数阶Krawtchouk变换的变换矩阵,从而构造出实离散分数阶Krawtchouk变换。然后,利用所提变换从实数域变换到实数域这一特性,提出了在实离散分数阶Krawtchouk变换嵌入水印信息的图像水印算法。算法采用了图像分块处理的方式,对每个图像块的实离散分数Krawtchouk变换系数进行奇异值分解,将水印信息嵌入奇异值分解矩阵中,然后进行逆向实离散分数阶Krawtchouk变换得到嵌入水印后的图像。结果通过比较所提实离散分数阶Krawtchouk变换域水印算法和传统Krawtchouk变换域水印算法,提取水印的平均错误率在中值滤波、均值滤波、高斯滤波、JPEG压缩和缩放攻击下,分别降低了12.39%、10.04%、18.50%...     

Imperceptible digital watermarking scheme combining 4-level discrete wavelet transform with singular value decomposition

An imperceptible digital watermarking algorithm based on 4-level discrete wavelet transform, discrete cosine transform and singular value decomposition is designed. In this method, the 4-level diagonal sub-band image is obtained by performing the 4-level two-dimensional wavelet transform on the original image, and then a coefficient matrix is produced by applying the discrete cosine transform on the 4-level diagonal sub-band image. A diagonal matrix is constructed by performing the singular value decomposition on the coefficient matrix. The watermark is scrambled by Arnold transform and Logistic map, then the scrambled watermark is processed by the singular value decomposition. Later, the encryption process is completed by embedding the scrambled watermark singular value into the singular value of the coefficient matrix. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed digital watermarking algorithm could resist JPEG compression attack, Salt and Pepper noise attack, Gaussian noise attack, filter attack, brightness change attack, geometric attack, cut attack, etc.

     

A semi-fragile watermarking scheme for authenticating audio signal based on dual-tree complex wavelet transform and discrete cosine transform

In this paper, a novel semi-fragile watermarking scheme for authenticating an audio signal based on dual-tree complex wavelet transform (DT-CWT) and discrete cosine transform (DCT) is proposed. Specifically, the watermark data are efficiently inserted into the coefficients of the low-frequency sub-band of DT-CWT taking advantages of both DCT and quantization index modulation (QIM). First, the original digital audio signal is segmented and then performed with DT-CWT. Second, based on the energy compression property, the low-frequency sub-band coefficients of the DT-CWT domain are performed with DCT, and the DC component is utilized to embed one distorted watermark bit by the QIM technique. Finally, inverse DCT and DT-CWT are orderly implemented on the watermarked coefficients of each audio segment to get a watermarked audio signal. Simulation results show that the hybrid embedding domain constructed by DT-CWT and DCT is effective, and the proposed watermarking scheme is not only inaudible, but also robust against content persistent non-malicious audio signal processing operations, such as MP3 compression, noise addition, re-sampling, re-quantization, etc. Furthermore, the proposed scheme can effectively authenticate the veracity and integrity of audio content and greatly expands the applicability of the audio watermarking scheme.     

一个基于矢量量化的数字水印算法

文章提出了一个新的基于矢量量化的数字水印算法,与基于DCT(DiscreteCosineTransform)、DFT(DiscreteFourierTransform)及DWT(DiscreteWaveletTransform)等的传统水印算法不同,该算法利用码书分割方法和矢量量化索引的特点,在矢量量化的不同阶段分别嵌入水印来保护原始图像的版权,水印检测不需要原始图像。实验结果表明,该方法实现的水印具有良好的不可见性,并对JPEG压缩、矢量量化压缩、旋转以及剪切等空域操作也具有较好的稳健性。     

一种可抵抗MP3压缩的音频水印算法

提出了一种稳健的自适应混合域数字音频水印算法,该算法具有以下特点：(1)通过采纳更为稳健的同步信号及其全新嵌入策略,提高了音频水印的抗攻击能力;(2)充分利用DWT的多分辨率特性和DCT的能量压缩特性,改善了数字水印的隐藏效果;(3)结合听觉掩蔽特性自适应确定量化步长,提高了数字水印的不可感知性;(4)以保证不可感知性和稳健性的良好平衡为前提,实现了数字水印的盲检测．仿真实验表明,所提出的算法不仅具有较好的不可感知性,而且对诸如重新采样、重新量化、叠加噪声、低通滤波、随机剪切等攻击均具有较好的稳健性．特别地,该算法对于最为普通的MP3压缩攻击具有极强的抵抗能力(尤其是高压缩比下).