组合式半轴法兰摆辗模具设计

就半轴法兰摆辗模具中存在的问题,对原摆辗模具进行了改进设计,并对模具材料进行了改进,使模具适合在冲击载荷很大的环境下使用。对改进的模具结构和模具材料进行了实际生产验证,表明改进后的模具凸模更换方便,易于操作,在模具需要返修或者报废时,减少模具更换模块,模具返修次数减少,而且易于加工,降低了模具成本。     

直齿轮闭挤式精冲模具的失效分析

目的探索闭挤式精冲模具的失效情况及有效的防止措施。方法根据模具的受力特点,分析了闭挤式精冲模具的主要失效形式。通过实验、检测和金相分析,研究了模具失效的主要原理。结果总结出了防止模具失效、延长模具使用寿命的一些有效方法。结论闭挤式精冲凸模和主凹模失效主要发生在模具刃口处,改进模具结构,优化工艺参数,能减小模具受力,同时选择优质的模具材料也能减少失效。     

模具制造网格的资源分类与服务匹配研究

提出了模具制造网格服务平台的体系结构,对模具企业里的各种与模具全生命周期有关的资源进行了分类,阐述了如何对模具制造资源进行描述,提出了模具网格资源服务匹配机制及其执行算法建议。     

弯曲凹模形状与受力的有限元分析

在弯曲模设计中,人们对模具形状的设计考虑甚少,而模具形状对模具内部受力状态有重要影响。合理的形状可以大大减少模具内应力,提高模具寿命。本文用有限元法对三种形状的弯曲凹模进行了力学分析。结果表明,不同形状模具的内应力有很大的差异,证明优化模具形状设计是提高模具设计水平的一个重要方面。本文为合理设计模具外形提供了参考依据。     

护罩件成形模具结构设计和制造

介绍了生产护罩的成形模具结构、模具制造工艺和模具数控加工,剖析了模具的设计原理和工作过程,对凸凹模的关键尺寸计算进行了比较严谨的理论推导,对模具核心零件凸凹模的加工工艺进行了详细的介绍。     

精铸技术在模具制造中的应用

本文叙述了熔模精铸模具、陶瓷型精铸模具、石膏型精铸模具和加压精铸模具的应用情况，由于精铸模具比机加工模具缩短了生产周期．降低了制造成本．故有很好的发展前景。文章还对陶瓷型精铸模具技术提出了六点改进意见。     

模具水路水密性检测装置开发

目的简化热成形模具水路密封性的检测方法,减少人力、设备、时间成本。方法开发制造一种模具水路密封性检测装置,模拟生产设备冷却系统环境,检测热成形模具水路的水密性以及对模具水路中的杂质进行清洗。结果检测装置可以对模具水路循环系统的流速和流量进行监控,对模具水路密封性进行检测,缩短模具制造周期,提高制造成本。结论装置实现了前期对模具水路密封性检测的需求,简化了模具水路密封性检测的过程,释放了原有设备产能,减少了人力、设备、时间成本,达到了装置开发的目的。     

模具生产车间情景仿真建模

针对模具生产过程的复杂性,一般的数学建模又难以全面描述模具生产车间的运作过程,采用面向对象的仿真技术对模具制造系统进行建模,并通过与模具企业的ERP生产管理系统模块建立数据接口,以实际生产数据驱动仿真运行。提出了构建模具制造过程情景仿真系统的总体思路和方法,开发了某模具企业某车间的情景仿真系统,并通过该车间实际模具交货期和仿真系统预测的模具交货期进行对比,验证了该情景仿真系统的有效性。     

冷锻模具的现状与发展

分析了冷锻件在汽车行业中的应用,介绍了组合预应力模具和缠绕预应力模具的结构以及应用,概述了冷锻模具材料,通过分析国内外冷锻模具设计与制造现状,阐述了冷锻模具的发展趋势.     

模具生产管理系统的开发

为了开发用于管理模具生产过程中工艺、排产、加工等过程的管理系统,通过分析模具企业的特点和模具的一般生产流程,给出了模具生产管理系统的设计方案.阐述了系统的功能和关键技术,并利用VC++和SQL Server数据库技术实现了该模具生产管理系统.     

An Approach to Calculate Thermodynamic Properties of Mixtures Including Propane, <Emphasis Type="Italic">n</Emphasis>-Butane,and Isobutane

This paper discusses a mathematical model for computing the thermodynamic properties of propane, n-butane, isobutane, and their mixtures, in the fluid phase using a method based upon statistical chain theory. The constants necessary for computations such as the characteristic temperatures of rotation, electronic state, etc. and the moments of inertia are obtained analytically applying a knowledge of the atomic structure of the molecule. The paper presents a procedure for calculating thermodynamic properties such as pressure, speed of sound, the Joule-Thomson coefficient, compressibility, enthalpy, and thermal expansion coefficient. This paper will discuss, for the first time, the application of statistical chain theory for accurate properties of binary and ternary mixtures including propane, n-butane, and isobutane, in their entire fluid phases. To calculate the thermodynamic properties of Lennard-Jones chains, the Liu-Li-Lu model has been used. The thermodynamic properties of the hydrocarbon mixtures are obtained using the one-fluid theory. Paper presented at the Fifteenth Symposium on Theremophysical Properties, June 22–27, 2003, Boulder, Colorado, U.S.A.     

基于网络青年亚文化的包装年轻化策略

目的 探索如何利用网络青年亚文化来推动包装年轻化。方法 在梳理品牌年轻化、包装年轻化和网络青年亚文化等概念的基础上,结合相关理论和案例,提出包装设计利用网络青年亚文化,来促进包装年轻化的原则和策略。结论 包装年轻化是品牌年轻化的重要手段,可以达到维持品牌年轻形象、改变品牌老旧形象、阻止品牌形象老化等目的。网络青年亚文化有助于促进包装年轻化。包装年轻化策略主要是挖掘包装的文化功能、传播功能和社交功能。网络青年亚文化驱动的包装设计应该遵循匹配性、社交性、娱乐性、创新性等原则。在全面分析品牌内部和外部情况的基础上,企业要不断探索符合自身特点的包装年轻化策略,并持续改进。其中,循序渐进、品牌联合、新品牌、包装延伸和品牌社群等是包装年轻化常见的有效策略。     

Thermophysical properties of some key solids: An update

In 1985, the CODATA Bulletin published a Report of its Task Group on Thermophysical Properties of Solids which analyzed available data on, and gave recommended values for, the heat capacity of Cu, Fe, W, and Al₂O₃, the thermal expansion of Cu, Si, W, and Al₂O₃, the electrical resistivity of Cu, Fe, Pt, and W, the thermal conductivity of Al, Cu, Fe, and W, and the absolute thermopower of Pb, Cu, Pt, and W. The analysts for the different properties were R. B. Castanet, S. J. Collocott, P. D. Desai, C. Y. Ho, J. G. Hust, R. B. Roberts, C. A. Swenson, and G. K. White. The present paper is an updated version of the earlier report and includes more recent data which change some of the recommended values. notably the heat capacity of Cu and W and the thermal expansion of Si and W.     

Thermal expansion of composites

A theory is developed for the overall thermal expansion of a composite consisting of either spherical or long cylindrical inclusions of one material in a matrix of another. The strain field of a single inclusion consists of a uniform expansion and a short-range strain field. These two components are related by minimizing the elastic strain energy. To account for a dense array of inclusions, average properties of the mixture are used for the long-range field, but those of the matrix alone for the short-range field. The net dilatation is thus found for inclusions of mismatching volume; hence one finds a differential expression for the thermal expansion in terms of the volume fraction of inclusions, the individual thermal expansivities, the bulk moduli of inclusion and matrix, the shear modulus of the matrix, and, in the case of cylinders, the shear modulus of the inclusions. This expression is integrated over temperature; one accounts for plasticity by letting the shear modulus depend on the temperature and on the accumulated shear strain. A representative numerical example is given.Invited paper presented at the Ninth Symposium on Thermophysical Properties, June 24–27, 1985, Boulder, Colorado, U.S.A.     

Experimental investigation on performance of additive mixed dielectric during micro-electric discharge drilling on 316L stainless steel

This study investigates the impact of machining factors on the performance of additive mixed micro-electric discharge drilling of 316L stainless steel. The effects of three kinds of powder, powder concentration, voltage, capacitance, feed rate, and speed on tool wear rate, material removal rate, taper angle, and overcut (OC) were also investigated. The experimental results show that adding additives to the dielectric enhanced rate of material removal and reduced rate of tool wear significantly. Mixing powder with dielectric increased the length of the sparking, resulting in significant OC, and process performance also improved with the increase in amount of powder added. Further, scanning electron microscopy analysis was carried out to examine the surface characteristics and material migration properties, which confirmed that the properties of the machined surface are indeed significantly improved.     

现代故障诊断技术研究综述

在简单介绍故障诊断技术发展的基础上,将故障诊断技术分为基于模型、基于信号、基于知识和基于智能优化4类,并对每类故障诊断技术中重要方法的原理、优缺点和研究现状进行比较分析,最后从复合智能诊断技术、远程协作诊断技术、智能仿生诊断技术3个方面,对现代故障诊断技术的发展趋势和亟待解决的问题进行分析与探讨,给出分类图,提出故障诊断领域将来的研究发展方向。     

In-situ mineralization of chitosan/calcium phosphate composite and the effect of solvent on the structure

Solvent played an important role in the formation of calcium phosphate phase of the chitosan/calcium phosphate composites. In this investigation, ethanol-acetic acid mixtures were employed as solvents, and various calcium phosphate phases, such as brushite, amorphous calcium phosphate, and hydroxyapatite, were introduced into the chitosan/calcium phosphate composites by using in-situ preparation process. The results showed that the structures of composite were influenced remarkably by the morphology and the distribution of calcium phosphate phase. In addition, the bioactivity of composites was governed mainly by the characters of calcium phosphate phases in composites, since calcium phosphate phases could induce the growth of hydroxyapatite coating on the surfaces of composites. On the surface of chitosan/brushite composite, the formed hydroxyapatite coating consisted of oriented plate crystallites, which self-assembled into spherical-like crystals. When other calcium phosphate phase was introduced into composites, the polymorphs of hydroxyapatite layer would change greatly. The oriented plate crystallites became bigger, and meanwhile, the self-assembled aggregates became less and smaller. In addition, with the shift of the prior nucleating point, the growth orientation of plate crystallites was transformed.     

Thermal Stability of Surface Layer Microstructures of Commercially Pure Titanium Treated by High Energy Shot Peening

Commercially pure titanium was treated by high energy shot peening, and annealed at a series of temperatures. The surface layers are characterized by means of scan electronic microscope, X-Ray diffraction, transmission electronic microscope and micro-hardness testing machine. The results showed that microhardness of surface layers decreases with anneal temperature, the tendency of microhardness is similar to unannealed one, in other words, the more close to the surface, the more rapidly the hardness decreases, after reaches the depth of 50 μm, the decrease becomes steadily. But the sub-surface microhardness decreased suddenly over 500 ℃, From 550 ℃ to 650 ℃, the microhardness of surface layers almost unchanged.Observing by TEM and SEM, the grain sizes of pure titanium surface layers have increased below 500 ℃; Deformation twins begin disappearing obviously at 550 ℃; The nano-scaled grains within about 10 micrometers from surface existed even at 550℃.Surface nanocrystallization is well known as one of important methods to improve surface properties. The thermal stability of nanocrystalline microstructures was related to their preparation and application. The commercial pure Ti thermal stability of nanocrystalline and deformed microstructures induced by high-energy-shot-peening (HESP) technique was investigated. The nanostructured surface and deformed sub-surface layers of specimens were prepared through HESP treatment. The thermal stability was characterized through XRD analyses of surface layers, SEM and TEM microstructure observation and microhardness measurement of specimens annealed in different temperature in the air after HESP treatments. The results showed that after HESP treatment, the microhardness of surface layers increased with treatment time, especially in the rang of about 40 micrometers from the surface, the microhardness increase was obvious. The surface microhardness decreased gradually with annealing temperature, but the sub-surface microhardness decreased suddenly over 500℃. From 550 to 650 ℃, the microhardness of surface layers almost unchanged, and is still higher than that of the undeformed microstructure. SEM observation showed that at and below 500 ℃, the microstructure changes were not obvious. At 550 ℃, the grains in surface layers grew remarkably both in SEM and TEM images at 20 micrometers deep, and the deformed twins formed in HESP treatment could be seen in the subsurface. In addition, the TEM images showed that even at 550 ℃, the nanosized grains existed within 10 micrometers from surface.     

计量量子化变革对我国工业计量的影响

针对新一轮计量单位制量子化变革带来的普遍影响进行了阐述，相应地，讨论了计量标准小型化、芯片化趋势带来的作用和影响。关于工业计量的影响，结合航空行业特征，特别针对计量单位制量子化变革和计量标准小型化、芯片化趋势这些变化给航空行业计量带来的挑战和契机，进行了系统论述，包括行业计量与量子化融合，量子化计量融入产品的全寿命周期，量子化计量与虚拟仪器技术相融合，以及芯片化计量对工业计量的推动作用。同时，给出了因应措施展望。     

篝火、都市与云端的三重隐喻——设计的空间介入史

相比于艺术介入，设计本身就具有改造现实和福祉普惠的价值底色，何来“介入”一说？但设计进入空间却是一部惊异和奇崛的旅程:伴随生产力和生产关系的演进，设计介入自然空间就是介入社会空间，这涵盖了所有的造物实践、商业模式和物理空间征服；设计要敢于介入精神空间，创造政治、观念、知识、逻辑、哲学、精神法则、价值观、抽象性规则、语义符号和认知概念，这是设计的终极使命；在去中心化的数字空间，设计表达蕴涵了极大的张力，具备反拨和改造社会空间的潜力。然而，基于自然、社会与精神空间的“三元一体”属性，设计的空间介入不是孤立介入，呈现多维而总体的态势。设计始终在寻觅空间，以一种确定性的能量塑形空间、治愈空间，并创造意义联结；空间的生产又丰富了设计的意涵、鼓励了设计的触角，启发了未来的设计创新实践。