CSR1000堆芯流量分配的研究

以中国百万千瓦级超临界水冷堆(CSR1000)堆芯为研究对象,建立热工水力计算模型,计算出冷却剂和慢化剂温度分布、堆芯功率分布、燃料组件出口压力及流量分配等参数。计算结果表明,适当增加堆芯内部燃料组件流量比例,可以有利于径向功率展平,内外燃料组件通道出口压降,呈现"N"型变化,增大内部燃料组件的堆芯入口功率,内部组件内的流量分配也将减少,而外部燃料组件通道中的流量将增加,适当调整堆芯入口流量初始分配比例,可以使各通道功率分布展平。     

The Modified Friction and Diffusion Coefficients of Fokker-Planck Equation and Relaxation Rates for Non-Maxwellian Scattering

In this paper, a new method to derive the Fokker-Planck coefficients defined by a non-Maxwellian velocity distribution function for the field particles is presented. The three- fold integral and the new Debye cutoff parameter, which were introduced by CHANG and LI, are applied. Therefore, divergence difficulties and the customary replacement of relative velocity g by thermal velocity vth are naturally avoided. The probability function P（v, Av） for non- Maxwellian scattering is derived by the method of choosing velocity transfer Av, which is a true measure of collision intensity, as an independent variable. The method enables the difference between small-angle scattering and small-momentum-transfer collisions of the inverse-square force to be well clarified. With the help of the probability function, the Fokker-Planck coefficients are obtained by a normal original Fokker-Planck approach. The friction and diffusion coefficients of the Fokker-Planck equation are modified for non-Maxwellian scattering and are used to investigate the relaxation processes for the weakly coupled plasma. The profiles of the relaxation rates show that the slowing down and deflection processes are weakened in the conditions of non-Maxwellian scattering.     

仿核脉冲的随机信号发生器研究

以伪均匀随机数为基础,通过算法产生高斯分布和指数分布随机数,以89C51单片计算机系统为硬件,采用Keil C编程,实现了输出脉冲幅度可以是高斯分布、指数分布及均匀分布等模式,也可以两种以上模式共同输出,输出脉冲时间间隔可以是周期性的,也可以是指数分布的。该随机信号发生器可以实现多种分布模式的输出控制,较好的仿真了核脉冲幅度和时间的随机特性。     

基于模拟贝努里试验的随机脉冲发生器的实现

利用EPLD器件模拟了n维贝努里试验,通过改变其参数,得到符合二项分布、泊松分布以及高斯分布的随机脉冲。当信号满足泊松分布时,脉冲平均计数率可达100kHz,最小时间间隔为100ns。对电路分别作了一定时间内脉冲计数统计分布检验和脉冲时间间隔分布检验,证明在时间特性上可用于仿真一般核信号源。     

流动沸腾汽泡脱离直径尺寸分布研究

沸腾是一个复杂的换热过程，大量实验表明，不同核化点的脱离直径存在区别，即使在同一工况下，同一核化点产生的汽泡脱离直径也会大小不一，因此汽泡尺寸分布不可忽略。尽管目前已有较多用于汽泡平均尺寸的计算关系式，但对于尺寸分布的研究仍较少。因此，本文针对流动沸腾下汽泡脱离直径的尺寸分布进行研究，对比常用的伽马函数和正态分布函数描述这一分布时的准确度，确定概率函数后，再对概率密度函数中两个重要的参数均值和标准差进行分析，最后得到一套预测不同工况下汽泡尺寸分布的关系式，该关系式准确度较高，并考虑了壁面过热度、质量流速等因素的影响。     

Inactivation cross section of yeast cells irradiated byheavy ions

1IntroductionThecalculationsofinactivationcrosssectionsforheavyionsinthetrackwidthregaldisplayingthindownforE.ColtB/randBs-1,andforBaciUusSubtilusarestraightforwardforthese1-hitdetectorsbasedontheKatztracktheory.[1]CalculationsforV-79hamstercellsaremorecomplex.Theyfollowtheoriginaldevelopmentofitusmodelforeucaryoticcens,andmalleuseofthecrosssectionscalculatedforhypotheticalinternaltargetswhicharethenassertedtobeproportionaltothemeasuredcellularinactivationcrosssections.Inmaxnmallancensinac…     

呈任意能量分布的核信号模拟

针对核信号在脉冲幅度和相邻脉冲产生的时间间隔上存在的随机性,探讨了核信号统计特性的模拟方法.在进行核信号的能量随机性模拟中,可将核信号的统计特性分解为均匀分布、高斯分布、指数分布、多项式分布和泊松分布等基本分布,并用本文所述方法来实现;对于不便于分解、呈任意能量分布的核信号也可用此法实现,模拟效果较好.     

改进Flower型超临界水冷快堆初步增殖研究

超临界水冷快堆集快堆和轻水堆两种特性。整个堆芯冷却剂流量仅为现BWR的1/8,中子能谱硬于普通PWR,故有一定的核燃料增殖能力。本文建立不同Flower型超临界水冷快堆堆芯物理模型,研究堆芯分区布置、冷却剂密度分层、seed及blanket组件P/D值设计、MOX燃料设计、燃料富集度分区分层布置、blanket内部通道采用贫铀冷却等方案,分析堆芯的空泡反应性、功率分布及增殖比。通过比较,得到了超临界水冷快堆的优化设计方案。     

Uniformity of Plasma Density and Film Thickness of Coatings Deposited Inside a Cylindrical Tribe by Radio Frequency Sputtering

Plasma surface modification of the inner wall of a slender tube is quite difficult to achieve using conventional means. In the work described here, an inner coaxial radio frequency （RF） copper electrode is utilized to produce the plasma and also acts as the sputtered target to deposit copper films in a tube. The influence of RF power, gas pressure, and bias voltage on the distribution of plasma density and the uniformity of film thickness is investigated. The experimental results show that the plasma density is higher at the two ends and lower in the middle of the tube. A higher RF power and pressure as well as larger tube bias lead to a higher plasma density. Changes in the discharge parameter only affect the plasma density uniformity slightly. The variation in the film thickness is consistent with that of the plasma density along the tube axis for different RF power and pressure. Although the plasma density increases with higher tube biases, there is an optimal bias to obtain the highest deposition rate. It can be attributed to the reduction in self-sputtering of the copper electrode and re-sputtering effects of the deposited film at higher tube biases.     

一种用芯内中子探测器读数校准燃耗后堆芯截面参数的方法

燃耗后的反应堆堆芯截面参数偏离了原来的数值,尽管用燃耗表对其进行了修正,但由于修正过程中的近似,仍使得截面参数的可靠性受到怀疑。文中提出：在用芯内中子探测器读数重构出“测量的”全堆热群中子通量密度分布的基础上,约束堆芯截面参数,并采用节块格林函数法对其进行校准的一套完整方法。截面参数经校准后,可以使理论模型计算结果与实际测量值相一致。仿真结果说明了此方法的可行性。