热议生猪屠宰管理与发展

保障肉类食品安全需要做好养殖、屠宰、加工、运输、销售等各个环节的工作。在整个肉类食品产业链上,安全问题环环相扣,而屠宰环节尤显重要,因为肉类食品安全关注最多的几大问题：注水肉问题、兽药残留问题、病害肉问题,必须在此环节阻断,稍有松懈,就有可能将不安全的肉品通过之后的环节传到消费者手中。     

肉品屠宰加工副产物中磷脂的含量与功能活性研究进展

我国是畜禽养殖大国,发展迅速的畜禽养殖行业导致肉品屠宰加工副产物的产量逐年递增。目前,我国对于肉品屠宰加工副产物的加工利用程度较低,造成极大的资源浪费和严重的环境污染,制约了肉品屠宰加工产业的发展。肉品屠宰加工副产物中含有丰富的磷脂,然而对于肉品屠宰加工副产物中磷脂的相关研究仍非常稀缺。本文针对肉品屠宰加工副产物中磷脂的研究进展和应用情况进行系统的总结和分析,主要介绍了磷脂的结构、种类,以及肉品屠宰加工副产物中磷脂的含量与功能活性(抗炎症功能、抗氧化衰老功能、神经保护功能、抗肿瘤功能)的研究应用现状,为肉品屠宰加工副产物中磷脂的研究提供创新依据,并为肉品屠宰加工行业的健康可持续发展提供理论基础。     

生猪屠宰的管理与未来走向

肉类食品是人类不可缺少的主要食物之一,而猪肉又是我国绝大多数居民的主要肉品来源,目前生猪屠宰行业正在调整变革当中,面对新形势,迫切需要加强对生猪屠宰行业发展的指导,以保障肉品质量安全。本文综述了我国生猪屠宰管理行业的发展现状、发展目标、发展形势及市场前景。     

丹麦屠宰行业管理考察及启示

丹麦是世界最大的猪肉出口国,屠宰行业特色鲜明,行业集中度高,合作社化运行,屠宰加工技术先进,肉类产品种类丰富,肉品质量安全水平高。本文介绍了丹麦屠宰行业主要特点和法规标准现状,结合我国屠宰法规标准体系建设情况,对我国畜禽产品质量安全管理、屠宰法规标准制修订和技术支撑等有关问题进行了思考,提出了加强我国屠宰行业管理的政策建议。     

实施“放心肉”工程之我见

随着广大消费者物质生活水平的提高，肉类食品的消费越来越大；同时消费者自我保护意识也日益增强，对肉品的卫生安全要求也越来越高。肉品的安全卫生与生猪的饲养、屠宰、加工和流通的各个环节密切相关，加强对上市销售前每一个环节的管理工作，保证为老百姓提供放心食用的肉品。     

实施"放心肉"工程之我见

随着广大消费者物质生活水平的提高，肉类食品的消费越来越大；同时消费者自我保护意识也日益增强。对肉品的卫生安全要求也越来越高。肉品的安全卫生与生猪的饲养、屠宰、加工和流通的各个环节密切相关，加强对上市销售前每一个环节的管理工作，保证为老百姓提供放心食用的肉品。     

我国肉制品安全风险及监管建议

我国肉类产量已经连续20多年稳居世界第一,是世界上最有影响力的肉类生产大国。畜禽肉作为人们膳食结构的重要组成部分,其安全问题受到各国的广泛关注。肉制品的安全贯穿于畜禽养殖、屠宰、加工到最终流向市场的任一环节。本研究分析了目前我国畜禽养殖、禽畜屠宰以及禽畜加工过程中存在的风险,基于这些风险,提出了监管建议:如进行源头控制、严厉打击违法行为、健全屠宰相关标准的建设、完善食品安全追溯体系以及加强肉类产品风险监测和风险管理等,以期降低肉制品带来的健康风险和监管风险,保障消费者权益,实现肉制品安全。     

肉品微生物污染现状分析与安全对策

从我国肉品微生物污染来源,畜禽的屠宰加工状况,肉品加工和检验人员素质,肉品微生物法规与标准等方面对我国肉品微生物的污染现状进行分析,阐明我国肉品生产中微生物污染和肉品卫生检验方面存在的问题,并提出相应的安全对策。     

肉品流通安全现状与监管思考

畜禽肉类食品(简称肉品)流通安全,是世界各国共同关注的问题.我国肉类生产长期处于内需型,增长及管理方式正在由粗放型转向集约型.养殖、屠宰、生产呈现先进和传统分散的小生产经营方式并存,先进与落后流通并存,发达城市市场与农村市场并存的格局.肉类产量连续20年居世界首位.     

白条肉与分割肉

从白条肉发展到分割肉标志着肉类加工业的进步和社会消费水平的提高。 (一) 我国的肉类加工厂主要由畜禽屠宰、肉品加工,综合利用和冷冻加工四大部分组成。整个加工过程包括自条肉加工、分割肉加工、肉制品加工、副产品加工,综合利用加工和冷冻加工。通常对白条肉的加工称之为     

浅谈奥运会肉制品的安全保障

安全性是奥运肉制品的一项基本要求之一。本文通过对肉制品加工中各个环节中潜在的安全因素进行分析,提出了保障奥运肉制品安全的有效措施,并构建了奥运肉制品的安全管理体系,以此来提高整个熟肉制品的安全。     

国外食品安全生产的政策法规

肉品加工技术与肉类质量安全控制技术是我国肉类产业高效可持续发展的技术保障。本文主要论述了国外一些国家的安全管理机构和食品安全的政策法规,以用于指导我国安全肉制品的生产。     

Consumers’ associations,perceptions and acceptance of meat and plant-based meat alternatives

The consumption of meat contributes significantly to undesirable effects on the environment. In order to reduce the impact of animal husbandry, one approach is to decrease meat consumption by substituting plant-based meat alternatives. Because the consumption of such meat alternatives is currently rather low, the aim of this research was to identify the barriers that keep people from consuming meat alternatives and increase the probability of future consumption. This was accomplished by exploring free associations people have towards meat and meat alternatives, comparing selected meat products with their respective meat alternatives using the semantic differential, and studying the perceived appropriateness of eating meat alternatives in different consumption situations. To achieve these objectives, we carried out an online survey with participants from Germany (N = 1039). Our results suggest that while meat is being associated with positive terms, meat alternatives were viewed more negatively. The previous findings that meat alternatives should be similar to meat with regard to taste, texture, and ease of preparation were confirmed. Results from the direct comparison of meat with corresponding meat alternatives indicate that meat alternatives are similarly perceived to their processed meat counterparts. Regarding different consumption situations, our results show that eating meat alternatives is perceived to be more appropriate in situations where one eats alone or with family and friends. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that meat alternatives have the best chance of successfully replacing meat when they closely resemble highly processed meat products in taste and texture and are offered at competitive prices. The recommendation for producers of meat alternatives is thus to focus on replicating processed meat products instead of trying to imitate meat cuts such as steak or escalope.     

Quality of meat and meat products produced from southern European pig breeds

Genetic and environmental effects on the quality of meat from southern European pig breeds are discussed. In the literature, it is evident that the breeds native to southern Europe have an interesting quality of products with respect to improved pigs. The free-range system increases the value of animal products due to the influence of outdoor rearing on the chemical, physical and organoleptic characteristics of the product. Traditional food products of high quality, such as those obtained from animals reared outdoor, are in high demand. The studies carried out on native pig breeds in southern Europe have focused on various aspects, ranging from studies of population genetics aimed at averting the danger of extinction and reducing inbreeding to studies of the factors affecting the quality of products. The purpose of this review is to analyse the literature on pig breeds native to southern Europe, with particular reference to the effects of genetics and breeding systems on the quality of products.     

A fast and accurate method for controlling the correct labeling of products containing buffalo meat using High Resolution Melting (HRM) analysis

The substitution of high priced meat with low cost ones and the fraudulent labeling of meat products make the identification and traceability of meat species and their processed products in the food chain important. A polymerase chain reaction followed by a High Resolution Melting (HRM) analysis was developed for species specific detection of buffalo; it was applied in six commercial meat products. A pair of specific 12S and universal 18S rRNA primers were employed and yielded DNA fragments of 220 bp and 77 bp, respectively. All tested products were found to contain buffalo meat and presented melting curves with at least two visible inflection points derived from the amplicons of the 12S specific and 18S universal primers. The presence of buffalo meat in meat products and the adulteration of buffalo products with unknown species were established down to a level of 0.1%. HRM was proven to be a fast and accurate technique for authentication testing of meat products.     

Overview of current meat hygiene and safety risks and summary of recent studies on biofilms,and control of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in nonintact,and Listeria monocytogenes in ready-to-eat,meat products

As meat consumption is increasing around the world, so do concerns and challenges to meat hygiene and safety. These concerns are mostly of a biological nature and include bacterial pathogens, such as Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella and Campylobacter in raw meat and poultry, and Listeria monocytogenes in ready-to-eat processed products, while viral pathogens are of major concern at foodservice. A major goal of scientists, industry, public health and regulatory authorities is to control pathogenic microorganisms and improve meat product hygiene and safety within a country and internationally. This paper is not a comprehensive or critical review of the scientific literature on the broad area of meat hygiene and safety, but it provides an overview of major current meat hygiene and safety issues, and then a summary of studies on biofilm formation by pathogens, control of E. coli O157:H7 in nonintact meat products, and control of L. monocytogenes in ready-to-eat meat products, conducted at the Center for Meat Safety & Quality and Food Safety Cluster of Colorado State University in recent years.     

Analytical methods for authentication of fresh vs. thawed meat - A review

Proper labeling of meat products is important to ensure fair-trading and to enable consumers to make informed choices. Different investigations indicate that wrong labeling where thawed meat is labeled as fresh meat is present in 8-15% of analyzed samples. Enforcement of regulations requires adequate analytical methods where enzymatic-, DNA based-, spectroscopic-, bio imaging- and sensory techniques constitute the majority of published papers. The molecular changes that these techniques detect are described. The capability of both discrimination between fresh and thawed meat, and determination of frozen storage time are discussed for each of the analytical techniques. The products included in this review are primarily whole meat from Bos taurus (cow), Sus scrofus (pig) and Gallus gallus (chicken). The best analytical choice in the discrimination of fresh vs. thawed meat is concluded to be a combination of analytical methods.     

Quality and safety aspects of meat products as affected by various physical manipulations of packaging materials

This article explores the effects of physically manipulated packaging materials on the quality and safety of meat products. Recently, innovative measures for improving quality and extending the shelf-life of packaged meat products have been developed, utilizing technologies including barrier film, active packaging, nanotechnology, microperforation, irradiation, plasma and far-infrared ray (FIR) treatments. Despite these developments, each technology has peculiar drawbacks which will need to be addressed by meat scientists in the future. To develop successful meat packaging systems, key product characteristics affecting stability, environmental conditions during storage until consumption, and consumers' packaging expectations must all be taken into consideration. Furthermore, the safety issues related to packaging materials must also be taken into account when processing, packaging and storing meat products.     

微波杀菌技术在肉制品中的应用

作为食品十大保鲜新技术之一的微波杀菌技术,是实现肉制品安全、高效杀菌的重要方法。阐述了微波杀菌技术的机理、优点和在肉制品中的应用,并对微波杀菌的未来发展前景进行了展望。     

中国-巴西肉制品食品添加剂限量标准对比

目的研究我国与巴西肉制品中添加剂标准的异同。方法根据GB2760—2014《食品安全国家标准食品添加剂使用标准》以及RDC272/2019《授权用于肉类和肉类产品的食品添加剂》,比较两国肉制品细分种类、肉制品添加剂功能分类、肉制品添加剂种类和数量、关键添加剂限量指标等方面进的异同。结果按产品类别分,我国将肉制品分4大类, 14亚类和6细类,巴西分2大类, 4亚类和8细类。按添加剂功能分,我国将肉制品添加剂区分成19类,巴西分为12类,其中中国和巴西有11类添加剂区分完全相同。我国和巴西仅在调理肉制品、腌腊肉制品类2个亚类具有可比性,通过添加剂限量指标比对发现,我国与巴西限量规定相同的有83项次,巴西限量规定比中国严格的有40项次,中国限量规定比巴西严格的有132项次。结论我国监管部门应特别关注巴西进口肉制品中的稳定剂、着色剂、防腐剂、增味剂检出数值。