大孔吸附树脂吸附染料木黄酮的研究

研究了AB-8、S-8两种吸附树脂对染料木黄酮的吸附行为和洗脱条件。结果表明,在298K下,pH=8.0时,S-8吸附树脂对染料木黄酮吸附效果最佳;用乙醇做解析剂,其解析率可达97.50%;其热力学参数为:ΔH=35.9kJ/mol,ΔS=0.128kJ/mol·K,ΔG298K=-2.22kJ/mol。等温吸附过程服从Freundlich方程,表观活化能为33.9kJ/mol。     

沸石改性聚丙烯酰胺复合材料对诱惑红色素的吸附研究

本实验采用一锅法合成了沸石改性聚丙烯酰胺复合材料,并将其作为吸附剂,结合紫外-可见吸收光谱法,研究了其对诱惑红色素的吸附性能。探讨了溶液pH和振荡时间对吸附过程的影响,研究了吸附动力学、吸附等温线和吸附热力学,并对该复合材料进行了再生性能考察。结果表明:在溶液pH为6,诱惑红色素在振荡时间为80 min之内可达到吸附平衡,吸附过程符合拟二级动力学模型(R2=0.9984)和Langmuir等温吸附模型;当温度为20 ℃时,ΔG=(4.23 kJ/mol,ΔH=39.01 kJ/mol,ΔS=145.22 J/mol/K;吸附剂在再生使用3次内吸附性稳定。由此可知,沸石改性聚丙烯酰胺复合材料对吸附诱惑红色素具有良好的吸附性和再生性。     

菠萝蜜果皮吸附亚甲基蓝的研究

以菠萝蜜果皮为原料,经粉碎制成粉末吸附剂。探究了菠萝蜜果皮吸附亚甲基蓝的性能。结果表明,在100 mL 100 mg/L的亚甲基蓝溶液中,菠萝蜜果皮最佳投加量为0.8 g,pH为5、温度为25 ℃、震荡时间为40 min。利用准一级、准二级动力学方程模拟菠萝蜜果皮吸附亚甲基蓝的动力学过程,利用Freundlich和Langmuir方程模拟其热力学行为。结果表明菠萝蜜果皮吸附亚甲基蓝的过程适合于准二级动力学、Freundlich模型。文中计算了焓变(ΔH0)、自由能(ΔG0)、熵变(ΔS0)等热力学参数,菠萝蜜果皮吸附亚甲基蓝的ΔG0小于0,ΔS0小于0、ΔH0小于0,说明菠萝蜜果皮吸附亚甲基蓝的过程是一个自发的趋于有序的放热过程。通过对吸附亚甲基蓝染料前后菠萝蜜果皮材料表面形貌进行分析,发现亚甲基蓝染料填充了菠萝蜜果皮表面的的空隙,导致吸附前后菠萝蜜的表面形貌发生了变化。     

大孔吸附树脂吸附染料木素的研究

为了优化染料木素吸附工艺条件,研究了不同pH、洗脱剂浓度和温度等条件下3种大孔吸附树脂吸附染料木素的过程.试验结果表明在pH 4.0时对染料木素的吸附效果最佳;在298K下静态饱和吸附容量为277 mg/g树脂;用乙醇作解析剂,其解析率可达96.5%;其热力学参数为△H=-19.0 kJ/mol、△G=-17.8 kJ/mol、△S=-4.0 J/(mol·K);等温吸附服从Freundlich和Langmuir经验式;表观吸附常数为k298=3.83×10-5/s-1,表观吸附活化能Ea=19.3 kJ/mol.由于XDA-200吸附容量高、洗脱率高,因此适合于染料木素的吸附.     

大米多孔淀粉及大米多孔酯化淀粉吸附特性的研究

研究大米多孔淀粉和大米多孔酯化淀粉对次甲基蓝的吸附特性,分析酶解时间和取代度对淀粉吸附次甲基蓝的影响,在此基础上建立了大米多孔淀粉和大米多孔酯化淀粉的吸附速率方程。结果表明,大米多孔淀粉吸附次甲基蓝的最佳浓度为25×10-5mol/L,大米多孔淀粉和大米多孔酯化淀粉对次甲基蓝的饱和吸附量分别为4.88mg/g和5.97mg/g。与大米原淀粉相比,大米多孔淀粉和大米多孔酯化淀粉对次甲基蓝的吸附量得到明显提升,其中大米多孔酯化淀粉的吸附量更大。     

β-环糊精对连翘酯苷包合作用的研究

研究β-环糊精在溶液中对连翘酯苷的包合作用。采用等摩尔系列法考察了主客分子的包合摩尔比,通过荧光光谱研究连翘酯苷/β-CD在不同条件下的包合作用。在不同pH值、不同温度、不同离子强度等条件下计算包合表观稳定常数,包合过程的热力学参数为:ΔH=-22.92kJ/mol,ΔS=-22.70J/mol,且不同温度条件下的ΔG均小于零。结论:β-CD与连翘酯苷形成摩尔比为1∶1的包合物,包合过程为放热过程,而且是自发进行。     

热改性凹凸棒粘土的吸附热力学和动力学研究

进行了热改性凹凸棒粘土对亚甲基蓝的吸附热力学和动力学性能研究。实验表明：在初始染料质量浓度为50～600mg/L、温度为298～338K时,热改性凹凸棒粘土对亚甲基蓝的吸附符合Langmuir等温吸附方程,△H为1.92 KJ/mol,△G在-25.429～-29.097 KJ/mol之间,△S大于零,此过程为一自发的吸热过程;其吸附动力学数据符合准二级速率方程,吸附表观活化能分别为13.5676 KJ/mol。提出了热改性凹凸棒粘土对亚甲基蓝的吸附过程是由膜扩散和化学吸附共同控制的观点。     

生物吸附剂壳聚糖对刚果红的吸附

为了确定生物吸附剂壳聚糖对刚果红的吸附行为特征,研究了pH值、初始浓度、时间及温度对刚果红在壳聚糖上吸附的影响。结果表明,pH值是影响壳聚糖吸附刚果红的重要因素,最佳pH值范围为4~7;动力学行为符合Lagergren准二级反应动力学模型,随着温度增加,平衡吸附量减少。吸附过程的表观活化能(Ea)为4.941 kJ/mol。壳聚糖对刚果红的吸附过程较好地符合Freundlich吸附等温方程。计算得到吸附过程的热力学参数△Go和△Ho分别为-10.10 kJ/mol(303 K)和-87.36 kJ/mol,表明壳聚糖对刚果红的吸附是一个自发的放热过程。红外光谱分析可知,壳聚糖吸附刚果红的过程中,壳聚糖分子中存在的大量羟基和氨基发挥了主要作用。     

凹凸棒石脱色大豆油的热力学研究

本实验研究了在一定的脱色条件下,大豆油中色素类物质在活化过的凹凸棒石上的吸附平衡热力学特性。实验得出353～383K热力学曲线,计算出这些物质在凹凸棒石上的吸附焓变在-0.0434～-0.0036kJ/mol范围内;吸附Gibbs自由能变在-10.23～11.77kJ/mol之间;熵变在-33.34～27.78J/mol·K范围内。证明活化凹凸棒石对大豆油中色素类物质的吸附反应为放热反应,温度升高和吸附剂添加量的增多有利于吸附作用的进行,在该温度范围内的吸附作用主要是熵趋动的过程。     

交联羧甲基玉米淀粉对水溶液中亚甲基蓝吸附特性的研究

采用交联羧甲基玉米淀粉吸附剂对模拟废水中的亚甲基蓝进行吸附性能研究.考察了吸附剂用量、pH、吸附时间以及染料初始浓度等因素对亚甲基蓝吸附效果的影响,并进行交联羧甲基玉米淀粉去除亚甲基蓝染料的吸附等温线拟合及吸附动力学研究.结果表明,当亚甲基蓝初始浓度100mg/L、pH6.0、交联羧甲基玉米淀粉用量0.2g、吸附温度25℃以及吸附时间60min时,亚甲基蓝吸附率可达95.66％;25℃下交联羧甲基玉米淀粉理论饱和吸附量为80mg/g;染料吸附等温线符合Langmuir模式(R2＞0.99);吸附过程符合准一级和二级反应动力学方程(R2＞0.99).     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press