基于食品抽检数据的风险预警智能研究模型构建分析

近年来,国内外由食品安全问题导致的公共健康事件屡见不鲜。食品安全问题涉及食品产业链的各个环节,收集和识别食品安全风险因子,挖掘造成食品安全的重要因素,是食品安全风险预警的重要途径,也是制定管理措施的前提条件。有效利用和分析食品安全信息,开展有效预警,已经成为食品安全监管面临的重要问题。本文首先分析了食品抽检数据特征和食品安全预警模型原则,在此基础上从风险分析、趋势分析、关联挖掘、全息画像和效能评价等视角构建了基于食品抽检数据的风险预警智能分析模型。该模型旨在为食品安全的监管、消费、生产等各个环节提供有力支撑,为推进基于食品抽检数据的风险预警智能研究提供参考。     

供应链视角下我国突发食品安全事件风险评价

目的:分析我国食品供应各环节食品安全风险的大小,为今后制定突发食品安全事件应急管理策略提供理论基础和技术支持。方法:基于突变理论模型,构建突发食品安全事件风险评价指标体系,对我国2005—2014年间的食品安全风险进行综合评价。结果:总体而言,近10年我国食品安全风险呈缓慢下降趋势,但是从食品供应的3个具体环节来看,风险一直呈现波动趋势,特别是农产品生产和食品生产消费这2个环节,近2年来食品安全风险呈现增长态势。结论:完善食品安全法律法规体系和食品安全监管体系,推动农业分散经营模式向规模化生产模式转变,建立食品安全强制责任保险制度。     

基于供应链视角的网购食品安全风险识别与评估

采用扎根理论研究法，对网购食品的消费者差评信息进行三级编码，基于供应链视角对网购食品安全风险进行系统识别，并利用定量的Borda序值法对子风险的严重程度进行评估。结果表明，网购食品安全风险包含4个核心风险和8个子风险，后果严重程度最高的风险是电商销售环节的监管缺失或不足风险和物流运输环节的物流运输服务专业化不足风险，其次是食品加工环节的食品原辅材料质量风险、电商销售环节的信息不对称风险和物流运输环节的仓储运输条件不合格风险等。为保证网购食品安全，电商平台应加大对投机企业的惩罚力度、物流企业应对食品的运输实施有差异的标准化管理、食品企业应把好食品原辅材料的进口关。     

进口食品风险管理措施探析

正随着人们生活水平的不断提高,对进口食品的需求量也在不断增加。进口食品的风险管理是保障食品安全的重要手段。本文针对进口食品的风险管理措施进行分析讨论,以保证进口食品安全。进口食品风险管理的内容进口食品的风险管理主要内容包括风险识别、风险评价、风险处置和风险监督管理等环节。通过分析进口     

基于供应链视角的食品安全风险研究述评

食品供应链作为食品的"生命线",关乎食品安全的方方面面。基于供应链视角,运用文献与逻辑分析方法,阐述了食品安全风险形成机制,并在此基础上,从供应链主体间信息不对称、食品供应链物流行为与技术、食品安全监管行为和法律法规等方面探究供应链视角下食品安全风险的影响因素及其作用机制。研究表明:在食品供应链中存在严重的信息不对称,食品物流技术水平低,食品安全监管不力和食品物流相关法律法规缺失等问题,造成食品安全风险不断增加。     

消费者搜寻食品安全信息行为关键因素的识别研究

在构建影响消费者搜寻食品安全信息行为的因素体系基础上,运用模糊集理论与实验决策案例分析方法,分析17个影响消费者搜寻食品安全信息行为因素的属性及其相互关系,并识别出其中消费者受教育程度、食品安全风险感知水平、对健康关注程度、对食品质量安全关注程度、产品知识、食品品牌和食品有无质量安全认证为关键影响因素。根据研究结论相应地提出食品生产企业需要进一步加强产品品牌建设和质量安全管理,进一步推进产品质量认证工作。     

基于空间统计的食品安全研究现状与展望

食品从"农田到餐桌"的整个生命周期的每个环节的数据都隐含着空间地理属性。与经典统计相比,空间统计能够有效挖掘此属性实现食品安全跨界融合与关联分析,并具有多学科集成、启发专业人员深度思考、更加贴近客观实际等优势,目前逐步应用到食品产地环境污染空间抽样与地理格局分析、食源性疾病聚集性分析、早期爆发识别与预测预警、突发食品事件追溯与应急指挥、食品安全监管与科学决策等方面。随着大数据时代到来,空间统计将成为食品安全数据分析的一种重要工具。     

食品级润滑油对质量体系的影响

对于食品和饮料企业来说,食品供应链上的管理已经成为首要任务. 随着国际食品安全标准的出现,食品企业有了预先识别、分析和管理风险的新工具.类似ISO22000(食品安全管理体系)的很多标准已经为食品产业链上的各类机构设立了相应的要求,来证明他们识别和控制潜在危害的能力.     

我国食品安全网络信息特点与分析

随着手机网络平台的快速发展,食品安全信息的网络传播呈现出前所未有的影响,针对网络信息的风险监管,正在成为食品安全监管的重要内容。通过对近10年网络报道的食品安全信息的分析,发现人为因素造成的食品安全事件大约占到网络信息的7成,风险排序前三的为致病微生物、农药残留和重金属,涉及的食品主要是肉及肉制品、乳及乳制品以及粮食及粮食制品;网络信息传播以政府门户网站、地方性媒体和综合门户网站为最。为此,研究利用矩阵方法对食品种类和安全风险进行了等级分类,并提出三点网络食品安全信息的风险监测建议。     

消费者搜寻食品安全信息行为关键因素的识别研究——基于模糊集理论的DEMATEL方法

在构建影响消费者搜寻食品安全信息行为的因素体系基础上,运用模糊集理论与实验决策案例分析方法,分析17个影响消费者搜寻食品安全信息行为因素的属性及其相互关系,并识别出其中消费者受教育程度、食品安全风险感知水平、对健康关注程度、对食品质量安全关注程度、产品知识、食品品牌和食品有无质量安全认证为关键影响因素。根据研究结论相应地提出食品生产企业需要进一步加强产品品牌建设和质量安全管理,进一步推进产品质量认证工作。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the