固相法氯化聚乙烯与聚氯乙烯共混物的形态与性能

研究了聚氯乙烯(PVC)与固相法氯化聚乙烯(CPE)共混物的应力-应变行为和冲击强度对CPE用量和氯含量的依赖关系,考察了共混物形态与性能的关系。动态力学性能和透射电子显微镜的研究结果表明,PVC/CPE为部分相容体系,两相间存在着一定的相互作用,当CPE氯含量为36％～42％,用量为7～15份时,CPE在PVC/CPE共混物中形成比较完整的网络结构、共混物具有更好的抗冲击性能。Brabender流变仪研究表明,CPE能促进PVC的塑化,共混物的加工性优于纯PVC。     

Impact modification of poly(vinyl chloride) with chlorinated polyethylene I. Blend morphology

The solid state morphology of chlorinated polyethylene (CPE)-modified poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) and the relationship of blend structure to impact strength and mode of fracture have been investigated. Selective staining of the CPE phase showed that the morphology of the two phase system changes with increasing CPE content from a dispersion of discrete CPE particles to a network structure enveloping the primary PVC particles. The network formation coincides with a transition from brittle to ductile impact fracture. When the blend was mixed for too long a time or above the fusion temperature of the primary PVC particles, the CPE network was destroyed. The resulting indistinct domain structure is associated with a reduction in the impact properties.     

CPE对PVC／SBR共混体系增容作用的研究

通过微观冲击试验、动态力学分析（ＤＭＡ）、扫描电镜（ＳＥＭ）和透射电镜（ＴＥＭ）观察，研究了氯化聚乙烯（ＣＰＥ）增容的ＰＶＣ／丁苯橡胶（ＳＢＲ）共混物的性能与形态结构之间的关系。试验结果表明ＣＰＥ对ＰＶＣ／ＳＢＲ共混体系有良好的增容作用。     

Properties of PVC/CPE/EPDM polyblends

A series of tricomponent blends of poly(vinyl chloride)/chlorinated polyethylene/ethylene propylene diene terpolymer (PVC/CPE/EPDM) were prepared and studied. CPE was used not only to improve the room temperature impact resistance of PVC but also as a polymer compatibilizer; while EPDM was used to enhance the impact resistance of PVC especially in low temperature range. Our data showed that the improvements of PVCs impact strength were significant either at room temperature or at low temperature (-12°C), however, a loss of the yield tensile strength was observed. On the basis of morphology, an impact-toughening mechanism of the tricomponent blend was proposed.     

CPE对纳米CaCO3增韧PVC复合材料界面和性能的影响

研究了CaCO3/CPE(氯化聚乙烯)/PVC(聚氯乙烯)纳米复合材料的结构和性能,探讨了CPE对纳米CaCO3/PVC复合材料界面作用和力学性能的影响. SEM结果显示,引入CPE可明显改善纳米CaCO3颗粒在PVC基体中的分散性和相容性,提高其界面作用. 引入界面作用参数定量表征纳米CaCO3颗粒与基体之间的界面结合作用,证实随着CPE加入量的增大,基体和颗粒之间的界面作用逐渐增大. 力学性能研究表明,相对于仅用纳米CaCO3增韧PVC,在CPE加入量为PVC的0~8%(w)范围内,用CPE和纳米CaCO3协同增韧可以更好地提高复合材料的冲击强度. 复合材料的冲击强度在CaCO3/CPE/PVC质量比为25/8/100时达到纯PVC的5.6倍,是纳米CaCO3/PVC(25/100)体系的2倍.     

ABS/PVC/CPE共混体系的力学性能

研究了填充改性丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS)三元共聚物、聚氯乙烯(PVC)和CPE三元共混体系力学性能与结构的关系。结果表明，在ABS／PVC共混体系中加入增容剂氯化聚乙烯(CPE)后，提高了共混体系的相容性和机械力学性能；随着共混体系中CPE用量的增加，ABS／PVC／CPE共混体系的冲击强度、断裂伸长率上升，拉伸强度下降，而弹性模量则出现了极大值。     

PVC与CPE阻燃共混体系的研究

本文把氯化聚乙烯与阻燃剂并用对硬质聚氯乙烯改性而获得增韧阻燃的PVC制品。实验结果表明,阻燃剂的使用能提高复合共混体系的氧指数与耐热性,但影响材料的冲击强度与拉伸强度,合理的配方可使材料的阻燃和力学性能都达到要求。     

Styrene-co-acrylonitrile resin modifications of PVC/CPE blends

The effects of styrene-co-acrylonitrile resin (AS) on the mechanical properties, morphology, and plasticizing and rheological behaviors of poly(vinyl chloride)/chlorinated polyethylene(PVC/CPE) blends are studied. The results show that the impact strength and the tensile strength are all increased and the plasticizing and rheological behaviors are also improved when a certain amount of AS is added into PVC/CPE blends, which are different in characteristics and regularity from plastics toughened with elastomers. It is blends of brittle—ductile transition regions (i.e., PVC/CPE = 100/10, 100/15) that can obviously be toughened by AS. The analysis of the morphological structure shows that AS promotes the formation of a CPE network that embeds the primary particles of PVC. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 66: 1455–1460, 1997     

QWM-981抗冲ACR与CPE性能比较

介绍了齐鲁石化公司研究院研制的牌号为QWM－981的抗冲改性剂ACR树脂与CPE在与PVC共混后，表现在加工过程和物理机械性能方面的差别。以试验结果证明QWM－981抗冲ACR树脂是PVC优异的抗冲改性剂，必将替代性能欠佳的CPE而具有广阔的应用前景。     

A Study of the Viscoelastic and Rheological Properties of PVC/CPE Blends Modified by Using Polylauryllactam

Abstract

Polylauryllactam was used to improve the impact strength of polyvinylchloride (PVC)/chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) blends without sacrificing their tensile properties. The enhancement of the impact strength increased with the increase of the CPE content in the PVC/CPE blends due to the formation of intermolecular hydrogen bonds among PVC, polylauryllactam and CPE macromolecules. A doubled impact strength of the PVC/CPE blend with 20 weight percent of CPE was obtained after the addition of 1.5 phr polylauryllactam. The PVC/CPE blends with polylauryllactam have a better dimensional stability compared with the PVC/CPE blends without the additive, according to their viscoelastic characteristics. Polylauryllactam shortened the processing time to reach a minimum melt viscosity in the processing of the PVC/CPE blends.     

PVC/PVDF/CPE共混体系研究

以ＣＰＥ作为ＰＶＣ／ＰＶＤＦ的增容剂,研究了ＰＶＣ／ＰＶＤＦ／ＣＰＥ三元共混新体系。对不同组成的共混物的物理机械性能进行测试,分析了讨论了ＰＶＤＦ／ＣＰＥ的增韧效果和机理。结果表明：ＣＰＥ对ＰＶＣ／ＰＶＤＦ共混体系有明显的增容作用,ＰＶＤＦ／ＣＰＥ并用对增韧ＰＶＣ有显著的协同效应。     

Dynamic rheological behavior and mechanical properties of PVC/CPE/MAP–POSS nanocomposites

Poly(vinyl chloride)/chlorinated polyethylene (PVC/CPE)/methylacryloylpropyl‐containing polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (MAP–POSS) nanocomposites are prepared. The plastic behavior and dynamic rheological behavior of PVC/CPE/MAP–POSS are investigated. The influences of composition on dynamic storage modulus G′, loss modulus G″, and complex viscosity η* of PVC/CPE/MAP–POSS melts are discussed. The dynamic mechanical properties, mechanical properties, and morphology are determined. The results show that both plastic time and balance torque of the nanocomposites decrease, but the G′, G″, and η* all increase with increasing MAP–POSS content. The maximum value of the dynamic mechanical loss tan δ decreases and elasticity increases when MAP–POSS is added. The impact strength of the nanocomposites increases with increasing MAP–POSS content and has the best value at 10% content of MAP–POSS, which is 5.38 kJ/m² higher than that of the blend without MAP–POSS. The MAP–POSS can be used as an efficient process aid and impact aid for the PVC/CPE blend. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013     

PVC/CPE/GF复合材料制备及力学性能

采用玻璃纤维(GF)及氯化聚乙烯(CPE)对聚氯乙烯(PVC)协同增韧改性.研究表明,当共混体系中有一定量的GF时,CPE的加入不仅能够改善共混物的韧性,还能够促进GF在PVC基体中的分散,两者协同增韧.随着CPE加入量的增加,GF分散效果增强,PVC/CPE/GF共混物的硬度呈现先显著增强后缓慢增强的趋势、拉伸强度和...     

Increasing filler concentrations in PVC compounds using CPE

During times of rising resin prices, the PVC processor is forced to optimize his operations in order to reduce manufacturing costs. One option the processor has is to increse the filler concentration in order to reduce formulation costs. Chlorinated polyethylene (CPE), an uncrosslinked rubber impact modifier for rigid PVC applications, allows the processor to significantly increase the filler concentration without suffering loss of impact strength or processing penalties. A mechanism is postulated, which is confirmed by Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM), extrusion and impact measurements, that CPE domain breakup and dispersion are synergistic with the addition of calcium carbonate.     

CPE、ACR等加工助剂对PVC—U流变性能的影响

研究了CPE、ACR等加工助剂及填料对PVC—U流变性能的影响。结果表明：CPE和ACR都能促进PVC的塑化,但作为冲击改性剂的CPE所起的塑化作用较ACR要小,硬脂酸的加入延长了PVC的塑化时间,在本体系中起到了外润滑剂的作用,填料的加入延缓了共混体系的塑化。     

Studies of rigid poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) compounds. I. Morphological characteristics of poly(vinyl chloride)/chlorinated polyethylene (PVC/CPE) blends

Chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) is a commonly used impact modifier of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC). The major goal of this research was to understand the fundamental morphological aspects of PVC/CPE blends. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to image the surface structure of these blends, and both transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning-transmission electron microscopy (S-TEM) were used to image the morphological boundaries of the blends. TEM imaging distinguishes the boundaries between PVC and CPE more clearly or better than does S-TEM, but it is time-consuming. However, some CPE particles are not observed in TEM because of inefficient staining. S-TEM imaging is much faster and does not depend on staining for the imaging of the CPE phase. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

PVC干混料粉体流动性的影响因素

介绍了与粉体流动性有关的理论,分析了PVC树脂、CPE、碳酸钙和冷混工艺对PVC干混料粉体流动性的影响,结果表明:①乙烯法PVC树脂的粉体流动性一般优于电石法PVC树脂,且波动较小;②某些厂家的冲击改性剂CPE可改善PVC干混料的粉体流动性,并且随着CPE用量的增加,PVC干混料的粉体流动性增加;③不同生产厂家的PVC/CPE体系对PVC干混料粉体流动性的影响规律不同,应不断摸索,找出最佳组合;④随着碳酸钙用量的增加,PVC干混料的粉体流动性降低,特别是在料斗上的表现更为突出;⑤充分冷却后的PVC干混料粉体流动性较好。     

埃洛石纳米管对PVC/CPE复合材料性能的影响

制备了PVC/CPE/埃洛石纳米管（HNTs）复合材料,研究了HNTs对PVC/CPE复合材料力学性能、微观形貌及热性能的影响.结果显示,HNTs对PVC/CPE材料的增韧效果与基体的韧性及HNTs的添加量有关.当基体韧性较低时,添加少量的HNTs可显著提高PVC/CPE的冲击强度,同时,材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和热性能也得到一定的提高.当m（PVC）∶m（CPE）∶m（HNTs）=100∶ 3∶3时,复合材料的冲击强度可达22.17 J/m2,为纯PVC基体树脂的3.4倍,复合材料的冲击断面较粗糙,HNTs在基体中分散较均匀.     

刚性有机粒子对PVC／CPE共混体加工和力学性能的影响

本文用Ｂｒａｂｅｎｄｅｒ塑化仪，双锟开炼机研究了刚性有机粒子对ＰＶＣ／ＣＰＥ共混体熔融塑化为及力学性能的影响，探讨了不同加工温度对ＰＶＣ／ＣＰＥ共混体力学性能的影响，实验表明：添加少量刚性有机粒子后，体系的塑化时间缩短，塑化行为改善，韧性有较大幅度提高，拉伸强度有所改善，加工温度为１６０－１８０℃体系性能最好。     

少量PS对H-PVC/CPE/PE共混体系性能的影响

本文研究了在H-PVC/CPE/PE共混体系中添加少量刚性有机粒子PS对体系性能的影响。在PVC/CPE/未交联PE的配比为100/6/5时,添加少量(1～3份)PS粒子,能使体系的冲击强度成倍增加,拉伸强度基本不变。在PVC/CPE/动态微交联PE的配比为100/6/5时,添加少量PS粒子,出现与PS改性PVC/CPE/未交联PE体系类同的规律性,并且效果更好,冲击强度可高达86kJ/m~2,拉伸强度最高达48MPa。共混方式对PVC/CPE/PE/PS体系的性能影响较大,其中以四步法的效果最佳,不仅冲击强度提高幅度最大,拉伸强度也达到了最大值。