Processing optimization of latex‐compounded montmorillonite/styrene‐butadiene rubber–polybutadiene rubber

Organo‐montmorillonite was incorporated into model tire tread formulations through latex compounding methods, to evaluate its effects on elastomer reinforcement and dynamic properties. An intercalation structure was obtained by applying latex compounding method to prepare organoclay‐emulsion stryene butadiene (E‐SBR) masterbatches, for compounding with organoclay loading levels of 0–20 parts per hundred rubber (phr). Microstructure, curing properties and tire performance of the compounded rubber were investigated with the aid of X‐ray diffraction, rheometor and dynamic‐mechanical analysis, respectively. The results showed that organo‐montmorillonite filler provided effective reinforcement in the elastomer matrix, as indicated through mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties. Tread compounds using higher organoclay loadings displayed preferred ice traction, wet traction, and dry handling, but decreased winter traction and rolling resistance. Model compounds using 15 phr of organoclay loading levels were preferred for balanced physical and dynamic properties. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 41521.     

Aramid‐short‐fiber reinforced rubber as a tire tread composite

Mechanical and dynamic‐mechanical properties of a typical tire tread compound reinforced with one part aramid short fibers were investigated in order to predict the effects of fibers on tire tread performances such as rolling resistance and traction. Rubber processing, including mixing and extrusion, was performed in an industrial scale. Fiber orientation as a result of extrusion was evaluated quantitatively and qualitatively using mechanical anisotropy in swelling and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. Unidirectional tensile tests revealed higher modulus, but slightly lower strength and elongation at break for the composites stretched in the longitudinal (orientation) and transverse directions than those for the isotropic reference compound with no fiber. Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis showed that relative values of loss factor for the longitudinal and transverse composites and the reference compound depended on the state of polymer as glassy or rubbery. Therefore, a high loss factor at lower temperatures and a low loss factor at higher temperatures predicted a balanced improvement of tire traction and rolling resistance as a result of fiber addition. Heat build‐up and abrasion experiments showed that addition of fiber did not deteriorate other performances of tire tread. Also, the fibers had negligible effects on processing and vulcanization characteristics of the composite. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

TPI/HVBR共混物用于胎面胶的研究

在传统的胎面胶配方NR／SBR1500（并用此为60／40）和SBR1712／SBR1500（并用比为60／40）的基础上，采用高反式－1，4－聚异成二烯（TPI）和／或高乙烯基聚丁二烯橡胶（HVBR）取代或部分取代SBR1500，研究共混物的物理性能和动态粘弹性。结果表明，添加了TPI和HVBR的胎面胶，其力学性性能可满足使用要求，定伸应力和抗屈挠疲劳性较大提高，滚动阻力和动态生势明显降低，而抗湿滑性仍有较高的保持率，达到了滚动阻力和抗湿润性能的良好兼备。相对而言，NR／TPI／HVBR并用胎面胶具有量的滚动阻力和生热，而SBR／TPI／HVBR并用胎面胶具有更好的抗湿滑性、抗屈挠疲劳性和耐磨性。     

Highly enhanced tire performance achieved by using combined carbon nanotubes and soybean oil

In this study, the previously noted limitations of high-performance passenger tire tread were overcome by adding rough-surface carbon nanotubes and soybean oil to a high-loading silica-based elastomer composite. The results of the practical tire test demonstrated improved wet braking, dry braking, snow traction, and rolling resistance in comparison with the unmodified silica-based composite. Moreover, the wear resistance was enhanced by greater than 20% while commercially acceptable levels of the other properties were maintained, thereby minimizing the trade-off. The wet traction and dry stability of the tires were enhanced by the inclusion of carbon nanotubes, while the improved snow traction and wear resistance were increased by the soybean oil. Therefore, this carbon nanotube/soybean oil-based composite may represent a useful and practical means of improving high-loading silica-based elastomer composites.     

端基改性溶聚丁苯橡胶在高性能轿车胎胎面胶中的应用

采用台橡端基改性产品非充油牌号SSBR2466和充油牌号SSBR2430,进行了两个胶料的应用配方研究,并将其应用于高性能轿车子午线轮胎的胎面胶中。试验结果表明：将端基改性产品SSBR2466和SBR2430应用于高性能胎面胶应用配方中,胶料的工艺通过性良好,胶料挤出外观和尺寸稳定性较好,物理力学性能满足要求,胶料的动态粘弹性能优异。将试制的轮胎进行分级测试表明,轮胎滚动阻力和抗湿滑性能测试均能达到欧盟标准较高的等级。     

半钢雪地轮胎胎面胶配方的改进

通过减小BR用量以及改变炭黑品种和用量,改进半钢雪地轮胎胎面胶配方设计。改进后,胶料在保持良好物理性能的基础上,滞后损失增大,抗湿滑性能提高。成品轮胎试验表明,试验配方轮胎的耐久性能良好,高速和强度性能提高,冰雪路面上的制动距离缩短14%~35%。     

SSBR T1534在冬季轮胎胎面胶中的应用

试验研究SSBR T1534在冬季轮胎胎面胶中的应用效果.结果表明,在冬季轮胎胎面胶中以SSBR T1534增量替代ESBR1721,并减量使用ESBR1712,可以改善硫化胶的物理性能和耐低温性能,提高成品轮胎在冰雪路面上的抗湿滑和抗冰滑性能.     

锡偶联溶聚丁苯橡胶在高性能子午线轮胎胎面胶中的应用研究

介绍了高性能轮胎理想胶料的理论基础及溶聚丁苯橡胶（S-SBR）的特性,对S-SBR在高性能轮胎胎面中的应用进行了试验研究。结果表明,S-SBR用于轮胎胎面可赋予胎面良好的湿抓着性、低滚动阻力和高耐磨性,并具有良好的工艺性能,物理性能达到设计要求。     

改性植物油在冬季胎胎面胶配方中的应用研究

介绍了改性植物油在冬季胎胎面胶中的应用。植物油系增塑剂可以75%～80%的比例替代石油系增塑剂,且具有更为优异的低温性能;植物油系增塑剂中,改性植物油的综合性能最佳;改性植物油在低温硬度、低温模量、低温硬度保持率以及低温模量保持率方面都表现最优,因此改性植物油的动态模量的特点非常适合冬季胎的性能需求。在冬季胎配方中,改性植物油替代V700后,胶料的力学性能和生热都基本不变,同时可显著提高胶料的耐磨性能;在保证抗冰、湿滑性基本不变的情况下,略降低胶料的滚动阻力。     

免充气蜂巢式轮胎接地性能的有限元分析

建立免充气蜂巢式轮胎与地面接触的有限元模型,进行接地性能的相关分析.研究结果表明,与充气轮胎相比,胎面采用聚氨酯弹性体、胎体采用聚甲醛塑性材料的免充气蜂巢式轮胎具有更大的径向刚度和横向刚度,表明在降低滚动阻力和增强操控稳定性方面有优势,但是其胎面中心区域的接触应力最大,造成该区域磨损较为严重.     

聚合物熔体动态黏弹特性微尺度效应实验研究

针对聚合物熔体在微流道内,因拉伸/压缩作用导致的黏弹特性受物理尺度影响的问题,通过动态剪切流动实验系统研究了四种聚合物材料的黏弹特性,以及黏弹特性随物理尺度的变化规律。结果表明,在角频率1~100 rad/s的范围内,聚酰胺、聚氨酯、聚乳酸均表现出耗能模量大于储能模量的黏性占优特征,聚丙烯在高频区时表现出弹性占优特征。储能模量与耗能模量均随着物理特征尺度的减小而降低。物理特征尺度从1000 μm减小到250 μm的变化过程中,聚氨酯、聚酰胺和聚丙烯三种熔体的弹性效应对微尺度变化的敏感性比黏性效应强烈,储能模量变化率与耗能模量变化率的差值分别为5.8%、4.2%和2.6%。聚乳酸熔体的黏性效应对微尺度变化的敏感性与弹性效应基本一致,其储能模量变化率与耗能模量变化率的差值为-0.3%。材料分子链特征的差异导致储能模量与耗能模量随物理特征尺度减小的变化率不同。熔体黏弹特性对微尺度变化敏感性的强弱依次为聚氨酯、聚酰胺、聚丙烯和聚乳酸,其黏弹性特征参量的变化率分别为28.6%、22.6%、20.6%和19.45%。     

Design of convex-hull bionic tire tread compounds and mechanism on collaborative improvement of wet resistance and wear resistance

The materials or bionic methods available cannot further solve the contradiction between the wear resistance and wet resistance of tire tread compounds. In this study, a convex-hull bionic tire tread compound was designed and produced according to the difference in wear resistance between two types of tire tread compounds. The effects of the bionic structure on the wear resistance and wet resistance of the tire tread compounds were explored by analyzing the changes in wear loss, wear surface characteristics, and wet friction coefficient. The wear resistance and wet resistance of the convex-hull bionic tire tread compound were collaboratively improved. The largest increasing rate of wear resistance was 9%, and the largest increasing rates of wet sliding ability on sand paper surface and on smooth glass surface were 3.4% and 4.2%, respectively. The coupling design of materials and bionic structures offers a new way to improve the overall performances of tire tread compounds.     

丁苯橡胶1739在绿色环保轿车子午线轮胎胎面胶中的应用

试验研究丁苯橡胶(SBR)1739在绿色环保轿车子午线轮胎胎面胶中的应用。结果表明:在胎面胶配方中用SBR1739等量替代SBR1723,并调整炭黑/白炭黑并用比以及硅烷偶联剂和促进剂的用量,胶料的门尼粘度增大,300%定伸应力提高,拉断伸长率降低,压缩生热和滚动阻力大幅降低,其他物理性能变化不大;0℃下损耗因子(tanδ)增大,而60℃下tanδ减小,符合绿色环保轮胎胎面胶的性能要求。试制的205/60R15 91V轿车子午线轮胎强度、耐久和高速性能良好,湿牵引性能和操控性能极佳,油耗低。     

纳米氧化锌在全钢载重子午线轮胎胎面胶和胎侧胶中的应用

研究纳米氧化锌作为活性剂替代普通氧化锌在全钢载重子午线轮胎胎面胶和胎侧胶中的应用效果.结果表明,纳米氧化锌替代普通氧化锌可以提高胶料的加工安全性和弹性,改善胎面胶的耐磨性能;纳米氧化锌减量约30%替代普通氧化锌,胎面胶和胎侧胶的综合性能较好,原材料成本降低,成品轮胎的高速性能提高.     

航空子午线轮胎胎面胶配方的研究

根据航空子午线轮胎胎面胶性能指标要求进行配方设计.试验结果表明,生胶采取NR/BR并用（并用比75/25）,补强体系采取炭黑N110/N234并用,合理选用促进剂、防老剂和加工助剂,硫化胶的物理性能达到设计指标要求,且压缩疲劳温升低,耐磨性能好;成品轮胎胎面胶物理性能良好.     

Properties of tire tread compounds based on functionalized styrene butadiene rubber and functionalized natural rubber

Tire tread compounds based on various rubber types, that is, solution styrene-butadiene rubber (SSBR), functionalized (propylamine and dimethoxysilane) solution styrene-butadiene rubber (F-SSBR), natural rubber (NR), chloroacetate-modified natural rubber (CNR), and their blends, were prepared and used as raw rubbers. Properties of tire tread compounds and tire performance were then investigated. Due to the presence of chloroacetate group on its mainchains, CNR demonstrates increases in glass transition temperature and rubber-filler interaction compared to NR leading to a significant improvement in tire performance, particularly wet grip (WG; ~88%), fuel-saving efficiency (FSE; ~15%), and abrasion resistance (~11%). Similarly, F-SSBR shows a greater tire performance than SSBR (~20, ~13, and ~7% improvements in WG, FSE, and abrasion resistance, respectively). Among the rubber blends, F-SSBR/CNR gives the highest tire performance, followed by F-SSBR/NR, SSBR/CNR, and SSBR/NR, respectively. The results suggest the significant enhancement in properties of tire tread compounds by the presence of active functional groups in NR and SSBR molecules. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 137, 48696.     

活性氧化锌在轮胎胎面胶中的应用

试验研究以活性氧化锌减量替代间接法氧化锌在斜交轮胎和半钢子午线轮胎胎面胶中的应用效果。结果表明，以3份活性氧化锌替代4份间接法氧化锌用于胎面胶中，对硫化胶的物理性能无不良影响，可提高硫化胶的耐磨性和成品性能，降低胶料成本。     

充环烷油溶聚丁苯橡胶在胎面胶配方中的应用

研究充环烷油溶聚丁苯橡胶(SSBR)在胎面胶配方中的应用.结果表明:与天然橡胶(NR)硫化胶相比,SS-BR硫化胶0℃下的损耗因子(tanδ)较大、60℃下的tanδ较小,用于胎面胶中可赋予轮胎较高的抗湿滑性能和较低的滚动阻力;SSBR与NR具有良好的相容性,当SSBR/NR并用比为20/80时,硫化胶综合物理性能良好;SSBR用于胎面胶中可提高轮胎的抗湿滑性能、干路面和冰路面的抓着力,降低滚动阻力,适用于高性能轮胎.     

低滚动阻力轮胎胎面胶的研究

采用正交试验方法 ,对胶料各组分进行优化 ,使胎面胶滚动阻力降低 ,同时又能保持良好的抗湿滑性能。试验结果表明 ,用溶聚丁苯橡胶替代乳聚丁苯橡胶和用白炭黑部分替代炭黑可以有效降低胎面胶的滚动阻力 ;填料总用量和芳烃油用量是影响滚动阻力和抗湿滑性能的最主要因素。     

Dispersion of multiwalled carbon nanotubes in thermoplastic elastomer gels: Morphological,rheological, and electrical properties

An investigation was reported here with an aim to prepare nanocomposite thermoplastic elastomer gels by dissolving polystyrene‐b‐poly(ethylene/butylene)‐b‐polystyrene (SEBS) triblock copolymer in selective hydrocarbon oils with the presence of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The properties related to morphology, viscoelasticity, electrical and mechanical properties, and thermal stability were explored and discussed. Dynamic rheological measurements of the resultant nanocomposite thermoplastic elastomer gels (NCTPEGs) confirmed that addition of MWCNTs affects the linear viscoelastic properties in which dynamic storage and loss moduli increase to some extent. At a temperature between 30°C and 40°C below the gel point the NCTPEGs have dynamic storage modulus greater than loss modulus (G′ and G″), thereby indicating that at room temperature a physical network is still present despite the addition of MWCNTs. The morphological properties revealed that MWCNTs were dispersed and exfoliated within the swollen TPE. The incorporation of small quantity of MWCNTs improved the thermal stability and mechanical properties of NCTPEGs. POLYM. COMPOS., 2010. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers