Dynamische Simulation von Reaktoren zur Festbettmethanisierung

Combined production of power and synthetic natural gas from solid biomass is one option for a demand‐oriented use of bioenergy. Respective plants consist of two main process steps: biomass gasification and subsequent gas usage (methanation or power production). However, a flexible plant operation is related to challenges regarding the methanation. Therefore, the operational flexibility of fixed‐bed methanation is investigated with the help of a dynamic simulation model. The analysis of gas feed ramps shows a catalyst temperature rise with increased gas throughputs in comparison to the nominal load.     

Modelluntersuchungen zur Wirkungsweise von Oxidationsstabilisatoren für Polyäthylenterephthalat

The behaviour of some stabilizing additives to poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PETP) is studied in the model oxidation reaction of isopropylbenzene. On the basis of the course of accumulation curves for cumene hydroperoxide conclusions were drawn for the way of formation and consumption of hydroperoxides in the presence of different types of stabilizers and combinations of stabilizers under investigation.     

Multifunktionale Reaktoren

In multifunctional reactors chemical and physical unit operations are carried out simultaneously. Traditionally chemical reaction engineering considers mass and heat transfer processes in combination with chemical reactions. However, the term multifunctional reactor points to an extended and more detailed view of process integration. By application of these reactors it is possible to save investment and/or operating costs, to meet environmentally relevant limits or to improve process safety. Mechanical and thermal unit operations are especially good candidates for integration with a chemical reaction step. In this contribution selected multifunctional reactors are presented, which were either adopted from the literature or are the subject of the authors' own research activities.     

Bioreaktionstechnik in mikrofluidischen Reaktoren

In the last decade micro bioreactor (MBR) technology has made rapid advances in biotechnology process development and in the investigation of various biological systems from industrial to pharmaceutical biotechnology applications. MBRs range in complexity from simple micro titer‐based systems to complex automated parallel bioreactors designed to allow the meaningful scale‐up/ ‐down of conventional pilot and large‐scale bioprocesses. MBR technology and the capability to monitor cultivation process variables in situ, provide real‐time and quantitative data from the microliter cultivation. This paper gives an overview of micro technologically fabricated MBRs, for the high‐throughput operation, its design, advantages and current limitations and potential future challenges in different biotechnological fields.