An economic receding horizon optimization approach for energy management in the chlor-alkali process with hybrid renewable energy generation

This paper presents a methodology for the application of receding horizon optimization techniques to the problem of optimally managing the energy flows in the chlor-alkali process using a hybrid renewable energy system (HRES). The HRES consists of solar and wind energy generation units and fuel cells to supply energy. The HRES is also connected to the grid and allows for buying or selling electricity from and to the grid. Initially, detailed models of each system component are introduced as the basis for the simulation study. Energy management strategies are then developed to realize the objectives of meeting production requirements while minimizing the overall operating and environmental costs. Sensitivity and uncertainty analyses are carried out to elucidate the key parameters that influence the energy management strategies. Finally, production demand response is integrated into the proposed methodology.     

基于数码城市GIS的日照分析系统的设计与实现*

针对传统的基于CAD平台的日照分析系统不能适应城市规划与管理快速发展的需求,提出了将城市规划中的各种信息在统一的数据库平台上进行组织与管理,以数码城市GIS及其他技术为核心,并在此基础上整合日照分析的应用专题及其他应用专题的思路。特别对涉及到的关键技术包括三维数据模型的设计、基于Oracle的数据库管理、CAD数据的嵌入与操作、日照分析技术、组件式GIS技术等进行了详细的介绍。最后对基于数码城市GIS软件CCGIS日照分析系统CCSunAnalysis的实现与应用作了简要介绍。     

Solar energy assessment using remote sensing technologies

About 20% of the final energy consumed in Europe is used in buildings. The active and passive use of solar energy is an approach to reduce the fossil energy consumption and the greenhouse gas emissions originated by buildings. Consideration of solar energy technologies in urban planning demands accurate information of the available solar resources. This can be achieved by the use of remote sensing data from geostationary satellites which show a very high spatial and a sufficient temporal resolution compared to ground station data. This paper gives a brief introduction to the HELIOSAT method applied to derive surface solar irradiance from satellite images and shows examples of applications: The use of daylight in buildings, the generation of correlated time series of solar irradiance and temperature as input data for simulations of solar energy systems and a short-term forecast of solar irradiance which can be used in intelligent building control techniques. Finally an outlook is given on potential improvements expected from the next generation of European meteorological satellites Meteosat Second Generation (MSG).     

A framework to bridge digital planning tools' utilization gap in peri-urban spatial planning; lessons from Pakistan

As cities grow, the continued development pressure and land-use change of peri-urban areas pose a key challenge for urban planners to address. In the planning of peri-urban areas, the complexity of intertwining physical, environmental, transportation, social and institutional planning dimensions, rapidness of change, demand for precision, and subjectivity of the situations; application of digital planning tools (GIS, PSS and similar) offers a result-oriented and at times the only way out for realistic planning. Like many other countries, peri-urban growth in Pakistan is being managed by the preparation of Peri-Urban Structure Plans (PUSPs). Since, 2009, such plans have been prepared for 36 urban centres of various scale which offer a considerable size to explore the usage pattern of digital planning tools in real-world practice and learn the lessons. Despite wider development and adoption of geographic information systems (GIS) based planning support system (PSS) in spatial planning all over the world, the utilization of digital planning tools in Pakistan to support planning practise has been very limited. This research adopts a case study-based methodology to review the legal requirements of peri-urban plan-making and highlight tasks where digital planning tools can add value. It investigates why there is a paucity of up taking digital planning tools in the spatial plan preparation and documents key stumbling factors. To understand the user's perspective, a survey of (n = 108) urban planners has been undertaken using an online questionnaire. The survey assesses their understanding of the terms and their perception behind the current utilization level of digital planning tools for plan preparation. The analysis reveals a very low familiarity of urban planners with digital planning tools, particularly planning support systems, in Pakistan which is aligned with the findings from technologically advanced countries. The causes behind low utilization have been documented and grouped under three dimensions, adopted from previous research including ‘user acceptance’, ‘instrument quality’ and ‘diffusion’. Finally, the paper concludes by proposing a framework for bridging the utilization gap to improve spatial planning practice.     

A GIS-based approach to spatial allocation of area source solvent emissions

Current area source emission inventories estimate total emissions for various industrial, commercial, and consumer activities at the county or higher levels. The lack of emission estimates at subcounty levels severely limits the modeling and planning capabilities in urban and regional air quality management. This paper extends current area source emission inventory methodology by developing a geographical information system (GIS) based approach for allocating county-level emission estimates to subcounty units. The new methodology uses GIS to develop and integrate spatial data, to analyze spatial variations in emissions, and to derive input to cell-based air pollution models. This approach incorporates statistical models to predict the spatial distribution of emission source activities based on widely available data. The paper presents an application of the proposed approach to emission inventory of the adhesives and sealants category in the Sacramento modeling region, California.     

基于GIS交通源分布数据库技术的研究

交通源分布是城市交通管理和规划的重点对象和考虑因素。本文探讨通过对现有的城市机动车辆数据和人口数据进行交通分区处理，建立人口与车辆等交通源分布的数据库系统，生成交通源GIS分布数据，为城市交通管理者在做有关城市交通管理和规划方面提供决策数据。     

GIS在基础教育中的应用

从信息技术与学科整合的角度,借鉴了GIS在其它领域和国内外教育领域中的应用,设计了由地理、数学、信息技术(IT)等学科数据库和教育综合信息数据库组成的基础教育系统,详细分析了GIS在基础教育系统中的功能,构造了GIS在基础教育系统中的结构,探讨了GIS在基础教育系统中的地理教学桌面系统、空间数据管理系统、因特网服务系统3个关键部分的实现,并展望了GIS在基础教育中的应用.     

基于MAPGIS-IMS实现武汉市城市规划系统

Web GIS和工作流技术是构建数字城市的主要技术.随着信息化浪潮的不断深入,利用Internet构建各种web服务成为热门话题.文中首先分析当前"数字武汉"实际需求;其次,认真研究了网络系统的体系结构特点及Web相关技术;然后,给出了基于国产Web GIS软件--MAPGIS-IMS和国外优秀的工作流平台--Domino/Notes的集成设计方案;最后,利用这两个平台使用ASP技术实现了基于Browser/Server架构的"数字武汉"子系统--武汉市城市规划系统.实践证明基于MAPGIS-IMS与Domino/Notes无缝集成方案是构建数字城市的理想方案.     

基于三维GIS的城市防汛系统的设计与实现

针对基于二维GIS的城市防汛系统存在的无法全面展示水利设施、地形地势、城市内涝等水利场景的不足,分析三维GIS在城市防汛系统建设中的优势,并立足于三维GIS技术,从总体架构、三维数据底板构建及业务应用等维度进行城市防汛系统的分析、设计与研发,形成一套集空间信息存储展示、防汛信息监测预警、防汛调度管理与规划评估等多功能的基于三维GIS的城市防汛系统。该系统从汛前规划方案的科学部署、汛时监测信息的及时预警、汛后应急对策的快速响应的全过程辅助防汛工作的进行,有效满足了城市防汛需求。实践应用表明：基于三维GIS的城市防汛系统可有效支撑城市防汛工作的开展,提高城市汛情的应对及治理能力,为城市防汛信息化建设提供可靠案例。     

面向公众服务的城市规划GIS平台的研究与应用

针对目前城市规划信息公众化程度不高的现状,研发一个面向公众服务的城市规划GIS平台。利用城市规划地理信息数据云端管理技术,将多类城市规划数据与GIS数据进行无缝集成,并提出UMSA体系解决原有的瓦片地图切图无法多端共用的问题,采用B/S架构和Weblogic9.2＋J2EE1.4＋JDK1.5环境进行平台的搭建。研究成果在深圳市得到很好应用,在很大程度上提高了面向公众服务的城市规划地理信息综合管理水平。     

虚拟城市可视化的研究与实现

“虚拟城市”技术是“数字地球”技术的重要组成部分,其研究戈键足怎样在Internet／Intranet上建立城市的虚拟可视化模型,是计算机科学、信息科学、地球科学、系统科学的有机融合。该文概括了“数字地球／虚拟城市”的基本概念,探讨基于Web、2DVR、3DVR和GIS柏结合的技术开发虚拟城市系统的新仿真模式及其关键技术和整体开发方案。提出了虚拟场景与外界交互的手段和方法,着重研究全景图、三维模型和网络动态交互技术结合实现交互式网络虚拟城市漫游的方法和实现过程,并给出了运行实例。通过该系统可以为城市规划、交通旅游等提供动态可视化显示的全新技术支持。     

A new multi-scale 3D-GIS-approach for the assessment and dissemination of solar income of digital city models

In order to support an effective planning of solar panel constructions or passive energy measures, information of potential solar income has to consider multiple levels of scale and detail. It has to consider the regional and the detailed household scale. Recent developments in the field of digital city models and 3D GIS allow combining the advantages of both domains. We present a multi-scale 3D GIS approach for the assessment and dissemination of solar income of a digital city model. For the consideration of long and close range shadows, we combine polygonal geometries, 3D-voxel grids and 2.5D Digital Elevation Models of different resolutions in a multi-scale modelling scene. In order to allow a realistic assessment of the heterogeneous 3D shadowing patterns in urban environments, we present a texture mapping approach for homogeneous surface sampling and efficient data storage. The approach integrates the regional topographic context with detailed 3D assessments on a household scale. In order to show the capabilities of the presented approach, a performance test using different scene compilations was conducted. Comparing the performance of different geometrical representations of a city model tile in terms of computational effort and accuracy of the results, the relevance of high spatial resolutions and the consideration of full 3-dimensionality of the presented modelling approach is proven. The results are compatible to current 3D standards such as CityGML and COLLADA facilitating the dissemination of results to non-expert addressees.     

An integrated approach toward strategic information systems planning

Within the competitive global environment, information has become a key resource for increasing a corporation's competitiveness by changing the nature or conduct of business. Accordingly, corporations are now seeking a method for information systems planning to maximize their strategic effectiveness.Strategic Information Systems Planning (SISP) refers to the process of creating a portfolio for the implementation and use of IS to maximize the effectiveness and efficiency of a corporation, so that it can achieve its objectives. An investigation of SISP, however, showed that only 24% of planned applications were actually developed (Int. J. Comput. Appl. Technol., 8 (1995), 61; MIS Quarterly, September (1988), 445). This figure clearly shows that enhancements are required for current SISP processes. In particular, this paper focuses on SISP methodologies, which provide support for overall SISP processes.The paper initially identifies four general SISP methodology problems: lack of support for Information Technology Architecture, under-emphasis on information technology opportunities, duration of SISP, and lack of support for business process reengineering. Next, it proposes an integrated SISP methodology which solves the above problems while retaining the advantageous qualities of current SISP methodologies. Finally, a case study is added to show how the methodology actually works in practice.     

面向国产超算平台的通用能源管网仿真计算模型

为实现城市能源管网仿真软件的自主可控,基于国产异构高性能计算机“嵩山”超级计算平台,提出一种通用的城市能源管网仿真计算模型。通过优化管网中“非管”组件模型,提高了计算模型对国产异构并行计算机系统的适配性;将不同管网组件的计算过程进行封装,弱化了网络组件在仿真计算过程的依赖性,提升模型在工程实现上的可并行性。供水、燃气和热力三种场景的并行仿真实验,证明了计算模型在解决城市能源供给网络的仿真计算上具有一定的普适性;通过管网实测数据与仿真模型中模拟数据对比结果表明仿真管网压力的误差率在4%以下,其温度的误差率低于2%,同时也说明了提出的管网仿真计算模型在国产超算平台上具有良好的计算通用性。     

CAUPS:基于对象和Agent的机助城市规划系统

CAUPS(computer aided urban p lann ing system)系统是一个基于对象和Agent的计算机辅助城市规划系统,它改变了传统城市规划中需要使用多种不同软件协同设计的规划模式,实现了一种新的城市规划流程,即通过辅助规划人员定义对象、添加对象、系统自动评估设计方案等步骤,大大提高了城市规划的效率。介绍了CAUPS的设计与实现方法,其主要特点一是将传统G IS中的关系数据形式转变成以对象为基本单位的面向对象形式;二是采用实体Agent作为其运行的基本单元。该系统已成功地应用于杭州西湖申报世界文化遗产等规划项目中。     

基于GIS和VR技术的三维城市规划系统的研究

本文介绍了GIS及VR技术在城市规划领域的应用。提出了数字三维城市规划系统的框架及介绍了各个模块的功能。通过在城市规划系统中的实际应用．探讨了数字城市技术在城市规划中的应用前景。     

Forecasting the pattern of urban growth with PUP: a web-based model interfaced with GIS and 3D animation

This paper describes a model (PUP — Projections for Urban Planning) implemented to forecast the location of housing development and population growth on the fringes of large cities. The model couples the land use and housing unit methods of population forecasting in a GIS framework that delivers a seamless interface between data assembly, modelling, visualisation and analysis. Work has focussed on incorporating spatial relationships, calibration, and visualisation. Three factors are accounted for: land availability; accessibility to facilities and other stimuli; and adjacency to existing development. These are weighted and combined to determine the probable location of future development. Forecasts are available as: GIS compatible files; tables; or 3D animations with interactive querying. The model has been implemented in Adelaide but its generic structure yields a flexible, interactive forecasting system that can be adapted to provide decision support for urban planning in a range of urban settings.     

基于GIS的扬州城市公共交通数据库的构建与分析

以GIS为平台,实现扬州市城市公共交通空间数据库的构建与分析.基于ArcGIS平台深度剖析了公共交通数据库的设计过程和建构流程;在此基础上,针对性选取交通规划中的公共交通指标在GIS数据库中给出了计算和分析方案,反映出数据库本身的结构合理性及其对规划工作的强大支持作用,也为后期开展智能公交系统提供较完备的数据支撑和技术依据.     

地理信息综合技术在广州数字规划工程中的应用

结合城市规划和数字城市的需要，研究出一套GIS技术的综合应用方法。通过在广州市城市规划的实践，取得了良好的社会效益和经济效益。本论述了系统的结构与设计思想，提出了系统应用的有关问题和解决方法，阐述了系统技术创新的特点，并通过实例说明GIS的综合应用在城市规划中的具体运用模式，为数字规划提供了一个成熟的立用例子。     

太阳能实验数据分析系统的研究与实现

首先描述太阳能实验数据分析系统的设计原理,然后给出具体的系统流程图。根据系统流程图,对系统研究内容以及实现需要解决的关键技术进行深入研究,给出基于成熟的计算机软件技术实现系统的解决方案。