320 × 256 InGaAs短波红外焦平面阵列探测器

研制了320×256 InGaAs焦平面阵列(FPA)探测器,它由InGaAs光电二极管阵列(PDA)与Si CMOS集成读出电路(ROIC)通过In凸点倒焊技术混合集成。背照射工作方式下其响应光谱范围为0.9~1.7μm。为实现InGaAs PDA与所设计的可调积分电容跨阻抗反馈放大器接口电路良好匹配,分析讨论了InGaAs光电二极管响应度、暗电流、结电容等光电特性对表征InGaAs FPA的主要性能指标的影响,优化了InGaAs光电二极管单元结构设计。采用优化结果研制的320×256 InGaAs FPA,在室温下的峰值探测率达到6×1012cm.Hz1/2.W-1,动态范围达到68 dB。     

1.54μm APD光电探测器组件的研制及应用

主要从长波长人眼安全测距方面讨论和研究了InGaAs雪崩光电二极管的前置放大器的电路原理和参数的设计以及光电探测器组件混合集成.着重从激光测距方面的应用探讨了由InGaAs雪崩光电二极管组成的激光接收器的应用电路的选择和设计.从测距使用的角度对InGaAs雪崩光电二极管的光电特性与偏置电压的关系进行了测试,从而了解该器件与硅雪崩二极管的光电性能的差异,从而为更好的应用InGaAs雪崩光电二极管提供参考和依据.研制的InGaAs雪崩光电二极管探测器组件及接收器在激光测距机中进行了测距应用,在激光能量为7毫焦耳测距集中进行测距,初步达到了要求.     

低暗电流InGaAs PIN光电二极管

本文研究了1.0～1.6μm 波长范围低暗电流 InGaAs/InP PIN 光电二极管。阐明了造成通常 InGaAs/InP 光电二极管暗电流的原因是通过 InGaAsp-n 结不稳定表面的漏电流。制造了一种新式结构的光电二极管,并对其光电特性进行了研究。在这种结构中,p-n 结的边缘露在 InP 表面,结果得到了暗电流低于1nA 的稳定的 InGaAs/JnP 光电二极管,此值约为锗光电二极管的1/1000。     

混合式红外成象器

这个红外成象器件是由一个InSb光电探测阵列和一个Si场效应晶体管(FET)开关阵列所组成。在Si薄片的上部,InSb形成一层薄片,每个InSb探测元和一个相应于Si开关元件下面的铟柱相连。如同128×128元阵列的FET开关一样,依次读出128×128元阵列光电探测     

长波长光纤系统的改进型雪崩光电二极管

本文评述了长波长光纤系统的改进型Ge雪崩光电二极管(Ge-APD)和InGaAs/InP雪崩光电二极管(InGaAs/InP-APD)。P~ -n型和n~ -n-p~ 型锗雪崩光电二极管在1.0～1.5μm波长区比通常的n~ -p型Ge-APD的倍增噪声低。吸收区和倍增区分开的InGaAs/InP—APD在1.0～1.6μm波长区比Ge—APD有较低的暗电流和较低的倍增噪声。这种雪崩光电二极管与Ge雪崩光电二极管相比能改进3～4dB的最小可探测功率。     

128×1线列InGaAs短波红外焦平面的研究

报道了用分子束外延(MBE)方法生长的掺杂InGaAs吸收层PIN InP/InGaAs/InP双异质结外延材料,通过干法刻蚀和湿法腐蚀相结合制作台面、硫化和聚酰亚胺钝化、电极生长等工艺,制备了128×1台面正照射InGaAs探测器阵列.测试了器件的变温I-V、响应光谱和探测率,在278K时平均峰值探测率为1.03×1012cmHz1/2W-1.实现了128元InGaAs探测器阵列与CTIA结构L128读出电路相互连,经封装后,在室温(291K)时成功测出128元响应信号.焦平面响应的不均匀性为18.3%,并对不均匀性产生的原因进行了分析.     

长波长InGaAs/InP SAGM雪崩光电二极管最佳工作特性

本文结合研制的InGaAs/InP SAGM雪崩光电二极管,讨论了SAGM-APD的技术界线和最佳工作特性。     

具有极低暗电流的光电二极管

<正> 在1～1.65μm波长范围内工作的光波通讯系统,需要高速、低噪声的InGaAs光电探测器。与在相同波长范围工作的雪崩光电二极管相比,p-i-n光电二极管具有暗电流低、频率带宽大等优点。最近美国贝尔实验室针对光波通讯的需要,已研制成具有上述优点的p-i-n光电二极管。这是一种平面的、Zn扩散的InP/InGaAs     

1986年美国军用光电市场预测

Frost and Sullivan公司写了一篇美国军用光电元件市场的报告。据测,若以1981年的美元不变价估计,光电元件费用将由1981年的0.56亿元上升到1986财政年度的1.72亿元。据说得到费用最多的将是发光二极管红外辐射二极管(包括阵列器件),这方面将从1981年的1500万元上升到1986年的4100万元;激光二极管从500万元上升到3800万元。预计光电二极管(包括阵列器件),光电集成器件和光伏器件(包括阵列器件)仍有很大的潜力。光电集成电路将由1981年的50万元上     

InGaAs/InP盖革模式雪崩光电二极管阵列性能一致性研究

InGaAs/InP盖革模式雪崩光电二极管(APD)阵列的性能与阵列片内均匀性密切相关.阵列面元的主要结构参数有倍增区厚度、电荷层厚度和掺杂浓度、吸收区的厚度以及器件工作的过偏压.它们的不一致性不仅会造成器件本身性能的差异,还为后续的读出电路带来了巨大的挑战.通过研究APD结构参数变化对其击穿电压(Vbreak)、暗计数率(DCR)和单光子探测效率(PDE)的影响,将APD阵列面元间击穿电压波动控制在±1V以内,使暗计数率和光探测效率的波动小于10％,从而得到不同温度下各个结构参数的最大允许波动值,确定了每个温度下制约器件性能的主要因素,为大规模、高性能盖革模式雪崩光电二极管阵列的材料生长和工艺制备提供了理论依据.     

Far-infrared laser action using compound grating Fabry-Perot resonators

A water vapor laser has been operated with a subsidiary grating Fabry-Perot resonator replacing one end mirror. Double-wavelength operation was obtained. Single-wavelength operation was obtained with strong rejection of shorter wavelength radiation, a variable effective reflectivity of the end mirror, and control of polarization characteristics of the cavity, allowing linear or circular polarization.     

Polarization-preserved and polarization-rotated synchronization of chaotic vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers

The synchronization process in a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) based master-slave configuration, where the master laser has been destabilised by optical feedback from an external mirror, has been investigated. The dynamics of both VCSEL polarization modes have been modeled and used to study the chaos synchronization mechanism in both polarization preserved, and polarization rotated unidirectionally coupled master and slave configurations. Two types of synchronization have been identified in the polarization rotated case, one of which may afford an opportunity to effect multiplexed message encoding using orthogonal laser modes.     

全内腔式He—Ne激光器光束偏振特性的改善

本文从实验和理论上研究了全内腔式Ｈｅ－Ｎｅ激光器输出光束的偏振特性，据此提出了获得稳定线偏振光的简便方案，取得了较满意的效果。     

All-dielectric one-dimensional periodic structures for totalomnidirectional reflection and partial spontaneous emission control

A remarkable property of one-dimensional (I-D) alldielectric periodic structures has recently been reported, namely, a 1-D structure can totally reflect electromagnetic wave of any polarization at all angles within a prescribed frequency region, Unlike their metallic counterpart, such all-dielectric omnidirectional mirrors are nearly free of loss at optical frequencies. Here we discuss the physics, design criteria and applications of the thin-film all-dielectric omnidirectional mirror. The experimental demonstration of the mirror is presented at optical frequencies     

卫星激光测距中光束亮度的偏振影响及应用

卫星激光测距(Satellite Laser Ranging,SLR)常利用激光大气后向散射所形成的图像来引导光束指向,而光束图像亮度随天区变化的现象在SLR站普遍存在,影响了激光对卫星的瞄准。以中国科学院上海天文台现有SLR系统为研究平台,阐明了该现象的成因,即光束图像成像光路中分光镜的效率会随偏振方向改变而变化。据此提出偏振方法,通过建立出射激光偏振方向随望远镜位置变化模型,改变发射光路中新引入半波片的角度,实现了光束图像于不同亮度的实时控制。相比使用消偏振分光镜的方案,该方法具有应用灵活、系统简单且成本低的优势,研究成果在提高激光对卫星的瞄准精度及星象图像信噪比等方面具有重要意义。     

基于旋光-双反射结构的星载量子密钥系统精跟踪镜研究

提出了一种适用于星载量子密钥分发的偏振无关精跟踪反射结构,反射结构利用旋光晶体和两面材质相同的反射镜实现偏振态的自动补偿。仿真结果显示,普通的反射镜对于偏振态的影响极大,从量子误码率上来看,折射率为1.52的单面精跟踪反射镜将引入40%左右的误码率。而旋光-双反射结构最大仅引入了0.25%的量子误码率,特别是在零偏转附近的量子误码率趋近于零。     

Mirror conversion of gaussian beams with simple astigmatism

The surface of an inclined mirror, which converts Gaussian beams with simple astigmatism hase been found within the quasi-optical approximation. The beam reflected from the found mirror was examined. Power losses of the reflected beam, when the beam is incident on a selective system, which transmits a Gaussian beam of one polarization only have been found.     

All-optical logic xor gate at 80 gb/s using SOA-MZI-DI

All-optical xor operation has been demonstrated using a semiconductor optical amplifier Mach-Zehnder interferometer (SOA-MZI) and delayed interferometer (DI) at 80 Gb/s. The DI is based on a polarization maintaining loop (PML) mirror. The results show using the PML-DI in series with the SOA-MZI improves the pulse quality of the xor result.     

Minimization of the Ohmic Loss of Grooved Polarizer Mirrors in High-Power ECRH Systems

A set of two corrugated polarizer mirrors is typically used in high-power electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) systems to provide the required polarization of the ECRH output beam. The ohmic losses of these mirrors can significantly exceed the losses of plane mirrors depending on the polarization of the incident beam with respect to the orientation of the grooves. Since polarizer mirrors incorporated into miter bends of a corrugated waveguide line are limited in size, active water cooling can become critical in high-power cw systems like the one for ITER. The ohmic loss of polarizer mirrors has been investigated experimentally at high power. A strategy to minimize the losses for given mirror geometries has been found.