亚麻木酚素对AAPH诱导的红细胞和肝组织氧化应激的保护作用

探讨了亚麻木酚素的抗氧化活性及机制,测定了亚麻木酚素对DPPH自由基的清除能力,建立AAPH氧化损伤大鼠红细胞和肝组织模型,研究了亚麻木酚素对氧化损伤红细胞溶血率和血红蛋白氧化率的影响,以及其对红细胞和肝组织氧化损伤模型丙二醛(MDA)和抗氧化酶的影响。结果显示:亚麻木酚素对DPPH自由基具有清除作用;亚麻木酚素对红细胞溶血和血红蛋白氧化的保护作用呈现浓度依赖性,与AAPH作用4 h的模型组相比,50μmol/L和100μmol/L亚麻木酚素的保护作用显著提高;在AAPH诱导的红细胞氧化应激模型中,100μmol/L和150μmol/L亚麻木酚素显著降低了AAPH损伤4 h时MDA含量,并显著提高了GSH-Px的酶活,150μmol/L亚麻木酚素显著增加了AAPH损伤2 h和4 h时的SOD和CAT的酶活;在AAPH诱导的肝组织模型中,150μmol/L亚麻木酚素能有效降低不同AAPH损伤时间(1～4 h)所增加的MDA含量,增加AAPH损伤4 h时降低的SOD和CAT酶活。说明亚麻木酚素具有抗氧化活性,能够抑制脂质过氧化,保护红细胞和肝组织内抗氧化酶系的活性。     

韩国产芝麻酱油对AAPH诱发LLC-PK1细胞氧化应激的保护作用

以芝麻酿造酱油乙醇提取物(ethanol extract sesame sauce,SSE)为研究对象,探讨其对1 mmol/L 2,2’-偶氮二异丁基脒二盐酸盐(2,2’-azobis(2-methylpropionamidine)dihydrochloride,AAPH)引发的LLC-PK1猪肾近曲小管上皮细胞氧化应激损伤的保护作用。方法:LLC-PK1细胞与不同质量浓度(10~100μg/m L)的SSE预先共同培养24 h后,用含AAPH的DMEM培养液继续培养4 h建立细胞损伤模型。细胞存活率用四甲基偶氮唑蓝法检测,细胞内丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)含量和总活性氧簇(reactive oxygen species,ROS)水平分别以硫代巴比妥酸比色法和2’,7’-二氢二氯荧光黄双乙酸钠探针法测定。细胞内过氧化氢酶(catalase,CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化酶(glutathione peroxidase,GSH-Px)、谷胱甘肽巯基转移酶(glutathione S-transferase,GST)、γ-谷氨酰半胱氨酸合成酶(γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase,γ-GCS)活力和谷胱甘肽(glutathione,GSH)含量按试剂盒说明书以比色法测定。结果表明,SSE预处理可以提高受损细胞存活率,降低细胞内总ROS水平和MDA含量。同时,SSE还能提高受损细胞内抗氧化酶(CAT、SOD、GSH-Px)及γ-GCS活力并提高细胞内GSH含量。实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应分析也提示SSE能上调细胞内抗氧化物酶(CAT、SOD和GSH-Px)的m RNA表达量。此外,SSE可以通过提高细胞内源性抗氧化系统能力来降低细胞内MDA和ROS水平,并由此缓解AAPH对LLC-PK1细胞所造成的氧化应激损伤。     

虾夷扇贝裙边多糖提取物细胞抗氧化活性的研究

以虾夷扇贝裙边为原料,制备多糖提取物,其组成分别为:水分(5.38±0.14)%、碳水化合物(41.11±0.83)%、蛋白质(37.3±0.86)%、脂质(5.7±0.47)%、灰分(10.51±0.43)%。以RAW264.7细胞为模型检测多糖提取物对丙二醛(MDA)及活性氧(ROS)含量,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)酶活力的影响。结果表明,MDA与ROS的含量随多糖提取物浓度的增加而降低,且呈剂量依赖关系,浓度为200μg/mL时,MDA与ROS的量最低,分别为(40.8±0.6)nmol/mgprot与(96.5±2.9)%;SOD、CAT及GSH-Px酶活力随多糖提取物浓度的增加而提高,且呈剂量依赖关系,浓度为200μg/mL时,酶活力分别为(32.4±0.3)U/mL、(11.2±0.4)U/mL及(49.8±1.1)U。虾夷扇贝裙边多糖提取物具有良好的细胞抗氧化活性,为开发海洋功能食品奠定一定的理论基础。     

高粱糠不同存在形态酚类物质的AB-8大孔树脂纯化及对红细胞氧化溶血的保护作用

本文对提取得到的高粱糠不同存在形态酚类物质进行AB-8大孔树脂纯化,之后进行高效液相色谱分析及抗AAPH氧化溶血效果的测定。经AB-8大孔树脂纯化后,总酚含量依次为游离酚、束缚型酯型酚、束缚型苷型酚、可溶性苷型酚、可溶性酯型酚。而HPLC的分析结果显示,所检测到的18种酚类化合物的总量顺序依次是:束缚型酯型酚游离酚束缚型苷型酚可溶性酯型酚可溶性苷型酚。200μg/m L的游离型、束缚型和可溶型酯型酚可使AAPH溶血率降至约10%,接近阴性对照组,而可溶性苷型酚仍为28.84%。五类酚类物质的预处理使得AAPH损伤的人血红细胞内的MDA含量减少,GSH/GSSG升高,使红细胞恢复到正常状态;SOD、GSH-Px和CAT酶活力较弱的红细胞也受到了保护。综上,经AB-8大孔树脂纯化后的高粱糠不同存在形态酚类物质可以保护人血红细胞免受AAPH的损伤,其细胞内抗氧化活性与总酚含量和酚类化合物的组成有联系。     

孔石莼多糖对糖尿病小鼠抗氧化能力的影响

目的:研究孔石莼多糖抗氧化活性.方法:采用传统的水提醇沉法提取孔石莼多糖,以四氧嘧啶诱导的糖尿病小鼠为模型,分为孔石莼多糖低、高剂量组、阳性对照组、模型组及正常组.分别以不同剂量孔石莼多糖(250mg/kg、1000rng/kg)、二甲双胍(1000mg/kg)和蒸馏水灌胃,28d后测定小鼠肝脏和肾脏组织中SOD、GSH-Px、CAT活性和MDA含量.结果:高剂量孔石莼多糖能显著提高糖尿病小鼠肝脏和肾脏组织中SOD、GSH-Px和CAT的活性,降低MDA含量.结论:孔石莼多糖具有显著的抗氧化作用.     

玉竹糖蛋白体内抗氧化作用研究

目的研究玉竹糖蛋白粗提物的体内抗氧化作用。方法用石油醚提取玉竹糖蛋白,以高、中、低剂量饲喂小鼠,用试剂盒测定小鼠血清、肝脏、脑组织中的丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活性。结果玉竹糖蛋白粗提物可提高受试小鼠血清、肝脏和脑中SOD、CAT及GSH-Px活性,降低这些组织中MDA含量。结论玉竹糖蛋白粗提物具有一定的抗氧化活性。     

玉竹糖蛋白体内抗氧化作用研究

目的 研究玉竹糖蛋白粗提物的体内抗氧化作用.方法 用石油醚提取玉竹糖蛋白,以高、中、低剂量饲喂小鼠,用试剂盒测定小鼠血清、肝脏、脑组织中的丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活性.结果 玉竹糖蛋白粗提物可提高受试小鼠血清、肝脏和脑中SOD、CAT及GSH-Px活性,降低这些组织中MDA含量.结论 玉竹糖蛋白粗提物具有一定的抗氧化活性.     

金柚幼果黄酮对AAPH诱导红细胞氧化损伤的保护作用

该研究通过微波超声辅助提取法提取金柚幼果粗黄酮,经AB-8大孔树脂及制备液相色谱仪纯化得到金柚幼果黄酮(PF)。使用液相色谱质谱联用仪(LC-MS)鉴定了PF的组成成分,检测结果显示PF含有35种成分,其中美鼠李苷、水苏碱、2-O-咖啡基熊果苷、甜菜碱的含量分别为15.57%、1.6%、1.15%、0.13%。在AAPH诱导的红细胞溶血模型中,经过高浓度PF处理后的实验组溶血率为31.63%,与AAPH组52.79%对比溶血率显著下降;酶促抗氧化体系中,经高浓度的PF处理后的过氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)的酶活性分别为241.04 U/L、93.29 U/L、72.93 U/L均低于AAPH组;非酶促抗氧化体系中,经高浓度的PF处理后的谷胱甘肽(GSH)、丙二醛(MDA)的含量分别为1233.94μmol/L、27.39 nmol/L,乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)酶活为314.75 U/L且均表现出剂量反应。由结果可知,PF主要是通过非酶促体系清除自由基,从而抑制AAPH诱导产生的氧化应激反应,此研究为金柚幼果天然产物的开发提供一定的研究基础。     

麦苗中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)抗氧化活性研究

本研究探讨麦苗中超氧化物歧化酶(Superoxide Dismutase,SOD)在动物体内和体外的抗氧化活性。体外抗氧化试验中将麦苗中经过提取、纯化、干燥制成的SOD成品经蒸馏水配制成溶液,分别采用DPPH·清除法、Fenton反应法和Fe~(3+)还原法测定其对DPPH和羟自由基的清除率及其还原能力。通过饲养昆明种小鼠,经口灌胃受试物SOD酶液以及生理盐水、番茄红素,考察丙二醛(MDA)含量、过氧化氢酶(Catalase,CAT)活力和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活力。结果表明,体外试验中SOD酶液具有良好的抗氧化能力,SOD(1 mg/mL)酶液在1 mL水平下对DPPH、羟基自由基的清除率分别可达到96.95%、98%,还原能力随剂量的增加呈递增趋势;体内试验中SOD剂量组与对照组相比,小鼠肝组织中MDA差异显著(P0.05),且各个剂量组下MDA含量都有减少。与对照组比较,SOD高剂量组能提高小鼠肝组织中GSH-Px和CAT活力(P0.05)。麦苗中SOD在体外和体内均表现出良好的抗氧化作用。     

不同分子量坛紫菜多糖体内抗氧化活性研究

为了解不同分子量坛紫菜多糖的体内抗氧化活性,为低值坛紫菜开发利用技术的进一步优化和应用提供理论依据。采用超滤法将坛紫菜粗多糖进行分离,通过4种不同截留分子量的超滤膜得到5种不同分子量的多糖,对其中体外活性较好的坛紫菜多糖PPⅡ和PPⅣ进行体内抗氧化活性研究。试验结果表明,衰老模型组小鼠在连续注射D-半乳糖60 d后,肝脏组织、脑组织和血液中超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化酶(glutathione peroxidase,GSH-Px)、过氧化氢酶(catalase,CAT)活性均显著下降,丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)含量显著升高,说明该试验中的衰老模型建立成功。PPⅡ和PPⅣ的中剂量组和高剂量组均能不同程度显著提高肝脏组织、脑组织和血液中SOD活力、GSH-Px活力和CAT活力,显著降低MDA含量,表现出较好的抗氧化作用,其中PPⅣ组大部分抗氧化指标明显优于PPⅡ,研究结果将对坛紫菜的深加工提供理论指导。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press