Properties of Aluminium Thin Films on Polyethylene Terephthalate Substrates as Back Contacts in Thin Film Silicon Solar Cells

Aluminium thin films on polyethylene terephthalate substrates prepared via thermal evaporation method and annealed under different temperatures have been investigated. High peak belonging to aluminium atoms is evident from energy dispersive X-ray spectra. From X-ray diffraction pattern, the polycrystalline nature of aluminium thin film is observed with (200) dominant peak at 2θ = 44.52°. With increased annealing temperatures, the atomic force microscope shows increased surface roughness root-mean-square but sheet resistance and surface reflectance show reducing values. The effects of each characterization towards performance of thin film silicon solar cells are subsequently discussed.     

Investigation on Molybdenum Thin Films Deposited by DC-Sputtering on Polyethylene Terephthalate Substrate

Molybdenum (Mo) films were prepared by DC sputtering on a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate with different thicknesses. The molybdenum finds use in a very broad spectrum of applications in widely different forms. The obtained results of thin films of molybdenum deposited on PET are characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) and (EDX). It was found that the thickness increases with the time of deposition and reduces the resistivity and sheet resistance. The lowest resistivity value we found for the Mo films was 1.3 × 10^?5 Ω · cm at thickness (210 nm).     

Effect of the Mo Structure on CIGS Solar Cells Fabricated on Stainless Steel Substrates

This study examined the effects of the bilayer structure of a Mo back contact and its total thickness on the diffusion behavior of substrate impurities, as well as the performance of CdS/Cu(In,Ga)Se₂/Mo/stainless steel solar cells. The thick Mo, with a total thickness of 1.0 μm and a low density region of 0.2 μm, resulted in poorer photoconversion efficiency than the thin Mo with a total thickness of 0.5 μm and a low density region of 0.1 μm. The efficiency loss was attributed to deterioration of the quantum efficiency and diffusion length due to increased Fe contamination. This suggests that the saturation of Cr near the interface between the high density region and the low density region in the Mo bilayers, which was favored in the 0.5 μm thick Mo layer with thinner low density region, provided a self-diffusion barrier against the further diffusion of Fe.     

PETG连续挤出发泡行为

采用环氧型扩链剂对苯二甲酸-乙二醇-1,4-环己烷二甲醇共聚酯(PETG)进行熔融扩链,并利用高级扩展流变仪、熔体强度测定仪和扫描电子显微镜分别进行了剪切流变、拉伸流变测试和连续挤出发泡行为研究。结果表明:扩链后PETG的储能模量、损耗模量、复数黏度随扩链剂含量的增加而增大,而其损耗因子随扩链剂含量的增加而减小;扩链剂的加入能有效提高PETG树脂的熔体强度和改善其"可发泡性",在发泡成型过程中可以有效阻止泡孔的塌陷和破裂,进而形成泡孔尺寸和形态分布较为均匀的制品。     

含氟PET的非等温结晶动力学

通过分子设计,在聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)大分子主链上同时引入耐热性的芳杂酰亚胺环和含氟基团。以六氟二酐和氨基十一酸为原料,通过热环化反应合成酰亚胺二酸,再用制备的酰亚胺二酸单体按照不同配比和对苯二甲酸二甲酯、乙二醇按一定比例调节投料比进行酯化缩聚反应,合成一系列含氟PET。利用差示扫描量热(DSC)法研究了聚合物非等温结晶行为,发现纯PET的结晶能力最强,随着含氟量的增加,结晶能力减弱。采用Jeziorny法分析了纯PET和含氟PET的非等温结晶动力学,发现结晶速率常数随着含氟链段的加入而减小,表明含氟链段的加入降低了PET的结晶能力。     

瓶用聚酯切片结晶性能研究

通过对2种不同瓶用聚酯切片（市售瓶用聚酯切片和辽阳石化公司的瓶用聚酯切片）进行傅里叶变换红外光谱、热失重、热台偏光显微镜、差示扫描量热等的对比分析,详细研究了2种瓶用聚酯切片的结晶行为。结果表明,瓶用聚酯切片应具有适中的结晶能力,结晶速率过大或结晶度过高均可导致聚酯瓶产品的耐热性能下降;与市售瓶用聚酯切片相比,辽阳石化公司的瓶用聚酯切片的结晶速率较大,具有较高的热结晶温度。     

聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯在超临界甲醇中解聚的研究

在间歇高压反应器中研究了聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)在超临界甲醇中的解聚反应特性, 通过扫描电镜观测了不同解聚条件下固相聚合物的内部结构,提出了解聚反应历程并得到了不同解聚条件下反应表观活化能。在甲醇的非临界区域,PET在甲醇中表现为溶胀过程,解聚程度低,反应在聚合物表面进行,反应表观活化能为27.19kJmol-1,解聚过程为传质、扩散控制;在甲醇的临界区域, PET完全溶于甲醇,解聚反应在均相中进行,反应表观活化能为89.79kJmol-1,为化学反应控制。     

光敏聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯材料制备及性能

以聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)为基材,通过有机-无机原位反应法将改性后的CaCO3基质稀土光敏离子(CaCO3:Eu3+-G)引入,制备出具有高效发光防伪功效的PET复合膜和纤维.采用扫描电子显微镜、激光粒度分析仪、X射线衍射仪、荧光分光光度计、原子力显微镜等对样品的表观形貌和性能进行了表征、测试,结果表明:光敏粒子平...     

纳米氧化物作为成核剂对PET结晶速率的影响

研究了成核剂纳米氧化镁和纳米氧化硅对聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)结晶速率的影响。通过等温结晶差热分析(DSC)研究了纳米氧化镁在不同含量、不同温度下对PET等温结晶行为的影响。用纳米氧化镁和纳米氧化硅填充PET体系的非等温结晶DSC,由所得冷结晶峰温度值和热结晶峰温度值的对比,探索纳米成核剂对PET结晶速率的影响及其规律。研究结果表明:纳米成核剂均能明显提高PET的结晶速率,而纳米氧化镁比纳米氧化硅对促进PET的结晶效果更好;添加不同含量的纳米氧化镁对PET在不同温度下的等温结晶影响不同,在所研究的范围内,1.0%的添加量较有利于PET的结晶。     

PET纤维功能母粒研究进展

主要综述了具有阻燃、抗紫外、导电、抗菌及远红外功能特性的聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)功能母粒的相关研究,重点探讨了功能母粒的制备过程、功能助剂改性方法、设计构筑及功能性评价。指出未来的发展方向是提高PET功能母粒的改性高效性、热稳定性、共混相容性及成纤可纺性等方面提。     

亚临界水中废旧聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯水解的研究

本文从聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）的化学结构着手,结合亚临界水的特殊性质,采用水热法使PET在中性条件下水解为对苯二甲酸（TPA）和乙二醇（EG）。通过对填料比、反应时间和反应温度对PET水解率及TPA产率的影响进行探讨,研究确定了最佳水解条件：投料比10,实验温度250℃,反应时间7h。在最佳条件下PET的水解率可以达到 92.9%,TPA的产率为 86.4%,TPA纯度为98.251%以及TPA的酸度可达657.14 mgKOH/g。且研究发现醋酸锌可以加速PET的水解,并对PET在亚临界水条件下的水解机理进行了初步探索。     

超/亚临界水中聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯的解聚

采用间歇式高压反应装置研究了聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)在超/亚临界水中的解聚,考察了投料比、反应温度及反应时间对PET解聚率及主产物对苯二甲酸(TPA)和乙二醇(EG)产率的影响.固相产物采用傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)、液相色谱(HPLC)进行分析,液相产物采用气相色谱(GC)和气-质联谱(GC-MS)进行分析....     

亚临界水中废旧聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯的水解

从聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)的化学结构着手,结合亚临界水的特殊性质,采用水热法使PET在中性条件下水解为对苯二甲酸(TPA)和乙二醇(EG)。通过考察投料比、反应时间和反应温度对PET降解率及TPA产率的影响,确定了最佳水解条件为:投料比(去离子水与涤纶布料质量比)10,温度250℃,反应时间7 h。在最佳条件下,PET的降解率可以达到92.9%,TPA的产率为86.4%,TPA纯度为98.251%,TPA的酸度为657.14 mg KOH/g。且研究发现醋酸锌可以加速PET的水解,并对PET在亚临界水条件下的水解机理进行了初步探索。     

Ecologic ceramic substrates for CIGS solar cells

In this work the use of porcelain stoneware tiles as alternative substrates for CIGS thin film solar cells for the development of specific applications as those related to building integration (BIPV, BAPV) are reported. Two types of porcelain stoneware have been compared: the conventional tile (STD) and the ecological tile (ECO). The ECO ceramic paste formulation has been designed adding industrial wastes (recycled glass, sludges and chamote). Chemical, technological and functional properties of the paste have been performed. The CIGS absorber has been synthesized by an easy and low-cost way of preparation using co-precipitation method. The solar cell device has been completed and fully characterized.The achieved results indicate better performances for ECO paste compared to the STD, stated in improved mechanical resistance, thickness and morphology. It is demonstrated that both tiles are suitable for solar cell applications, but ECO substrate developed higher energy conversion efficiency of 1.3%.     

扩链改性对聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯挤出吹膜成型的影响

通过添加多官能团环氧扩链剂对聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)进行扩链改性,然后用改性PET进行吹膜成型,研究了扩链剂含量对PET特性黏度、膜泡稳定性及薄膜力学性能和透明度的影响。结果表明,扩链剂的添加显著提升了PET的特性黏度;随着扩链剂含量的增加,薄膜膜泡稳定性以及表面质量、最大吹胀比、拉伸强度得到显著改善,断裂伸长率呈先增大后减小的趋势。当扩链剂质量分数为0.7%时,PET的特性黏度由纯PET的0.71 d L/g上升至0.94 d L/g,最大吹胀比则由1.9提高至4.5,横纵向拉伸强度分别为61.7 MPa和64.4 MPa,横纵向断裂伸长率达到最高,分别为12%和12.45%,较扩链剂质量分数为0.2%时提高了105.5%以及125.1%,而透光率仅下降1.4%,得到了性能较优的吹塑薄膜制品。     

Sparking Nano-Metals on a Surface of Polyethylene Terephthalate and Its Application: Anti-Coronavirus and Anti-Fogging Properties

The nano-metal-treated PET films with anti-virus and anti-fogging ability were developed using sparking nano-metal particles of Ag, Zn, and Ti wires on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) films. Ag nanoparticles were detected on the PET surface, while a continuous aggregate morphology was observed with Zn and Ti sparking. The color of the Ag-PET films changed to brown with increasing repeat sparking times, but not with the Zn-PET and Ti-PET films. The water contact angle of the nano-metal-treated PET films decreased with increasing repeat sparking times. The RT-PCR anti-virus test confirmed the high anti-virus efficiency of the nano-metal-treated PET films due to the fine particle distribution, high polarity, and binding of the nano-metal ions to the coronavirus, which was destroyed by heat after UV irradiation. A highly transparent, anti-fogging, and anti-virus face shield was prepared using the Zn-PET film. Sparking was an effective technique to prepare the alternative anti-virus and anti-fogging films for medical biomaterial applications because of their low cost, convenience, and fast processing.     

成膜剂和剪切场对GF/PET结构与性能影响

采用不同的成膜剂处理玻纤(GF),改变制备试样过程中熔体流动场剪切速率来挤出制备了GF/聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)复合材料。通过测定PET及GF/PET复合材料试样流变性能和纵向拉伸强度,研究成膜剂和熔体剪切速率对GF/PET复合材料结构和性能的影响。结果表明,聚合物成膜剂与硅烷偶联剂并用处理GF,能提高GF/PET复合材料的力学性能,低相对分子质量PET成膜剂处理后的GF与PET的粘结性很好;在熔融成型GF/PET复合材料试样过程中,剪切速率影响GF在复合材料中取向,试样力学强度对应有最佳的熔体流动场剪切速率。     

非晶聚酯树脂的合成研究

以对苯二甲酸（PTA）和乙二醇（MEG）为原料，以Sb2O3为催化剂，通过共聚改性制备了非结晶性聚酯，通过在合成过程中加入辅助催化剂ZnAc2制得高特性粘度的非结晶性聚酯。共聚改性有使酯化速度减慢的趋势，但对缩聚反应时间的影响不显著。     

薄膜太阳电池CIGS吸收层低成本制备-电沉积工艺研究

薄膜太阳能电池的Cu(In,Ga)Se2(CIGS)吸收层的制备工艺对太阳能电池的性能起着决定性的作用,它不但与降低生产成本息息相关,而且与转化效率、能否大规模生产等产业化中的问题密不可分.电化学沉积是一种非真空工艺,可与卷绕工艺结合进行大规模生产,本文详细论述了电化学沉积的原理及其沉积电动势、电解质浓度、pH值、析氢、温度和衬底材料对CIGS薄膜吸收层的影响.     

Effect of Intrinsic ZnO Sputtering Parameters on the Cell Efficiency of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Solar Cells

We investigated the effect of adding oxygen (O₂) gas to argon (Ar) gas and varying the sputter target power during intrinsic ZnO sputtering on the photovoltaic performance of Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ (CIGS) solar cells. Sputtering powers of 50, 100, 150 W were used in conjunction with an O₂ fraction of 0 % or 2 % in the sputtering gas. Both increasing the power and adding oxygen improved the photovoltaic conversion efficiency, although the effect of the latter was more pronounced. The results showed that the open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current density, and fill factor were all improved, and the series resistance was reduced. Electroluminescence spectroscopy and electron-beam-induced current analysis showed that adding oxygen and increasing the power not only improved the CdS/CIGS junction properties, but also the CIGS bulk properties. The current-voltage characteristics at low temperature indicated that adding oxygen and increasing the power facilitated local secondary diode formation around the CIGS surface. It was also revealed that the sodium doping concentration was enhanced by oxygen addition and increased power, with this enhancement being larger for the former. The improvements in the CdS/CIGS junction and CIGS bulk properties were therefore tentatively attributed to an enhancement of the Na doping level.