长玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料的韧性

以玻璃纤维和聚丙烯为原料,制备了长玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯(LFT-PP)复合材料,研究了基体韧性、纤维长度和界面相容剂对LFT-PP韧性的影响。结果表明LFT-PP韧性随基体韧性增加而增加;当玻璃纤维长度从2.06mm增加到4.66mm时,LFT-PP的悬臂梁缺口冲击强度从134.4J/m提高到238.0J/m,增加了约80%;添加界面改性剂降低了LFT-PP悬臂梁缺口冲击强度,从311.4J/m降为181.8J/m。     

玻璃纤维长度对聚丙烯/玻璃纤维复合材料力学性能的影响

为了研究玻璃纤维增强热塑性树脂复合材料中玻璃纤维的保留长度对复合材料力学性能的影响,采用在线混炼注塑一步法制备质量分数为20%的玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯(PP/GF)复合材料。通过改变螺杆结构制备出2种不同的PP/GF复合材料制品。结果表明:螺杆的剪切强度越小,制品中保留的玻璃纤维长度越长;随着玻璃纤维保留长度的增加,玻璃纤维与基体间的黏结界面增加,拔出时需要克服更大的界面结合力;降低螺杆对玻璃纤维的剪切强度,有利于提高玻璃纤维的保留长度,得到更高性能的PP/GF复合材料。     

PP-g-MAH和PE-g-MAH对玻纤增强废旧聚丙烯复合材料性能的影响

采用熔融挤出的方法制备了玻璃纤维增强废旧聚丙烯(RPP/GF)复合材料,分析了不同含量的PP接枝马来酸酐(PP-g-MAH)和PE接枝马来酸酐(PE-g-MAH)相容剂对复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明:添加PP-gMAH能改善玻纤与RPP界面结合强度,随着相容剂PP-g-MAH含量的增加,RPP/GF复合材料的弯曲强度逐渐提高,当PP-g-MAH的含量为7 phr时,能有效提高复合材料的弯曲强度。由于RPP中含有PE成分,添加少量PE-g-MAH能增加玻纤与RPP基体中PE的界面结合强度,从而继续提升复合材料的弯曲强度,复合材料的缺口冲击强度也得到提升。     

长玻纤增强聚丙烯复合材料性能研究

采用熔体浸渍包覆长玻璃纤维装置制备了长玻纤增强聚丙烯(PP/LFT)复合材料,通过双螺杆挤出机制备了同等配比的短玻纤增强聚丙烯(PP/SFT)复合材料。研究了增容剂含量、预浸料颗粒长度以及加工工艺对玻纤增强聚丙烯(PP/GF)复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明:PP/LFT复合材料的力学性能明显优于PP/SFT复合材料,其拉伸强度及缺口冲击强度分别可达115.0 MPa和42.4 kJ/m~2;增容剂马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(PP-g-MAH)的加入明显改善了GF与PP间的界面黏结强度,进一步提升了复合材料的力学性能,相比之下,增容剂对PP/SFT复合材料的性能提升效果更为明显;提高预浸料颗粒长度有利于复合材料纤维保留长度和力学性能的提升;适度提高加工温度,可进一步提高浸渍效果和复合材料的力学性能。     

玻纤增强ABS复合材料的制备及性能

以丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(ABS)及玻璃纤维(GF)为原料,以环氧树脂作为界面相容剂,研究了界面相容剂对玻璃纤维增强ABS复合材料力学性能及界面粘接的影响.结果表明:加入环氧树脂,玻纤增强ABS复合材料的力学性能明显提高;随着玻纤质量分数的增加,复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度、冲击强度均逐渐增加;玻纤质量分数为30%时,GF/ABS/环氧树脂复合材料的拉伸强度比未改性的复合材料的拉伸强度提高了30%,弯曲强度提高了25%,冲击强度也提高了50%.     

竹纤维/玻璃纤维混杂增强聚丙烯复合材料

对竹纤维(BF)进行前处理,通过双螺杆挤出机制备竹纤维和玻璃纤维(GF)混杂增强聚丙烯(PP)复合材料。初步探讨经前处理的竹纤维、玻璃纤维的含量对复合材料的力学性能和微观结构的影响。结果表明:复合材料的冲击强度、弯曲强度、拉伸强度、弯曲模量随着玻璃纤维的含量增加而提高,同时PP的结晶速率及结晶度也有所提高。SEM照片表明玻璃纤维的加入改善了竹纤维在PP的分散性。     

短玻纤增强聚丙烯复合材料性能研究

研究了玻璃纤维(GF)、自制马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(PP-g-MAH)和螺杆转速对短玻纤增强聚丙烯(PP/SFT)复合材料力学性能和微观形貌的影响。结果表明:随着GF用量增加,复合材料的弯曲模量和缺口冲击强度增大,拉伸强度先增大后降低,PP/SFT复合材料断面呈现脆性断裂;随着增容剂PP-g-MAH用量增加,拉伸强度和缺口冲击强度先增加后降低,弯曲模量基本不变;当PP,GF和PPg-MAH的质量比为50∶50∶3时,其综合性能最优,拉伸强度为113.0 MPa,冲击强度为15.8kJ/m~2,复合材料断面呈现韧性断裂;螺杆转速和剪切增大会降低纤维平均长度和复合材料的力学性能。     

螺杆转速对PP/GF复合材料中GF与性能的影响

研究了同向双螺杆造粒机组的螺杆转速对GF增强聚丙烯(PP/GF)复合材料中GF含量、长度以及复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明,随着螺杆转速的提高,复合材料中GF的含量不断增加,最多增加了48.2%,而其长度却逐渐变短;复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度、耐热性、硬度等性能也随着螺杆转速的增加而提高,冲击强度却逐渐下降;随着马来酸酐官能化聚丙烯的引入,GF的含量提高了1.8%,纤维长度显著增加且明显改善了复合材料的各项力学性能,其中拉伸强度提高了95.1%,弯曲强度提高了90.1%,无缺口冲击强度提高了110.4%,缺口冲击强度提高了50%。     

PP-g-MA和UP增容PP/玻璃纤维复合材料性能的研究

以聚丙烯-马来酸酐接枝(物PP-g-MA)和不饱和聚(酯UP)作为界面相容剂,研究了界面相容剂对玻璃纤维增强PP复合材料力学性能及界面黏结的影响。结果表明:加入PP-g-MA或UP,玻璃纤维增强PP复合材料的力学性能明显提高,且UP的增容效果优于PP-g-MA。在玻璃纤维含量为40%时,PP/UP/GF复合材料的拉伸强度比未改性的复合材料的拉伸强度提高了150%,弯曲强度提高了132%,冲击强度提高了89%;扫描电镜照片表明:PP-g-MA和UP使被拔出玻璃纤维表面黏附了一层树脂,增强了PP与玻璃纤维之间的界面黏结作用;DSC测试表明:PP-g-MA和UP同时加入使复合材料熔融峰温度下降结,晶度增加。     

玻纤增强共聚聚丙烯高性能化的研究

利用韧性优良的共聚聚丙烯(PPR)作为增强基体,通过玻纤(GF)与PPR制备高性能PPR/GF复合材料,研究了流动改性剂、马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(PP-g-MAH)和玻纤的含量以及挤出次数对PPR/GF复合材料结构与性能的影响.结果表明:自制的流动改性剂可大幅增加PPR/GF的熔体质量流动速率,流动性可适用于注塑工艺;PP-g-MAH增加了PPR基体与GF之间的界面相互作用,提高PP/GF复合材料的力学性能;随玻纤含量增加,PP/GF复合材料的拉伸强度和模量大幅增加,缺口冲击强度和断裂伸长率有所降低,但材料的韧性仍保持较高水平,所制备PPR/GF/PP-g-MAH共混材料的性能与ABS相当,可替代ABS工程塑料作为结构件使用;多次挤出加工会降低PPR/GF复合材料中玻纤的平均长度和材料的力学性能.     

耐水解玻璃纤维增强尼龙66的制备及性能研究

制备了长玻璃纤维（LGF）和短玻璃纤维（SGF）增强尼龙66（PA66）,考察了GF、GF分散剂、耐水解改性剂（MPP）对增强PA66性能的影响。结果表明,选择SGF可获得较好力学性能和表面质量的增强PA66;随着SGF含量的增加,材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度有大幅度的提高,冲击强度则先升高后降低;GF分散剂的加入改善了材料的表面质量;MPP的加入使材料的耐水解性有明显提高。     

玻纤增强聚丙烯复合材料性能研究

研究了玻纤(GF)、SEBS和聚丙烯接枝马来酸酐(PP-g-MAH)用量对GF增强聚丙烯复合材料性能的影响,以及PP/GF(65/35)、PP-g-MAH/PP/GF(15/65/35)的微观形态。结果表明:随着GF用量的增加,复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和弯曲模量增加,断裂伸长率降低,冲击强度先减小后增大,PP/GF复合材料断面呈脆性断裂;在PP/GF中添加增韧剂SEBS可以提高复合材料的冲击强度,但拉伸强度、断裂伸长率、弯曲强度和弯曲模量均减小;在PP/GF中添加增容剂PP-g-MAH,可使其拉伸强度、断裂伸长率、弯曲强度、弯曲模量和冲击强度均得到提高,当PP-g-MAH/PP/GF为15/65/35时,复合材料性能优异,材料断面呈韧性断裂。     

PVC基木塑复合材料力学性能的研究

利用胺类改性剂M处理木粉,研究了改性剂M和力学性能改性剂丙烯腈-苯乙烯共聚(物AS)的用量对聚氯乙(烯PVC)基复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明:随着改性剂M用量的增加,复合材料的拉伸强度、无缺口冲击强度、弯曲强度以及弯曲模量都呈先上升后下降的趋势,且当M用量略大于2%时达到最大值;随着AS用量的增加,复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度及弯曲模量都呈逐渐上升的趋势,无缺口冲击强度呈逐渐下降的趋势到,8%时趋于平缓。     

Morphology,thermal and mechanical properties of glass fiber‐reinforced crosslinkable poly(arylene ether nitrile)

Crosslinkable poly(arylene ether nitrile)/glass fiber (PEN/GF) composites with high thermal stabilities and mechanical properties were prepared by a economically and environmentally viable method of melt extrusion and injection molding. The feasibility of using PEN/GF composites was investigated by evaluating its morphological, rheological, thermal, and mechanical properties. The morphology shows a good dispersion and strong interfacial interaction between PEN and GF. Thermal studies reveal that the thermal stabilities of PEN/GF are improved significantly with increase of GF content. Mechanical investigation manifested that GFs have strengthening effect (increase in flexural, tensile, and impact strength) on the mechanical performance of PEN composites. Most importantly, crosslinking reaction of PEN/GF composites can further improve their mechanical performances, because a couple of GFs are agglomerated by thermal motion and strong interfacial adhesion and the local agglomeration does not break the global uniform distribution. This work shows that both the enhancement of GF content and the crosslinking reaction of PEN/GF composites are two key factors influencing the thermal and mechanical properties. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013     

液体端羧基丁腈橡胶改性氰酸酯／玻璃纤维复合材料的性能研究

用液体端羧基丁腈橡胶(CTBN)对氰酸酯树脂(CE)进行了增韧改性,通过树脂体系的凝胶时间曲线和DSC曲线确定了体系的固化工艺,并制备了玻璃纤维(GF)增强复合材料。CTBN改性后的CE树脂及复合材料具有良好的力学性能,其中固化树脂的弯曲强度和冲击强度分别提高了34.6%和48%,复合材料的弯曲强度和冲击强度分别提高了11.4%和21.3%,这来源于CTBN对氰酸酯树脂的增韧作用及与GF良好的粘接性能。     

Effect of glass fiber surface treatment on the mechanical strength of glass fiber reinforced resin mineral composite for machine tool bed

With excellent vibration alleviating properties, resin mineral composite (RMC) has attracted special attention in the field of mechanical engineering. However, applications of RMC are restricted because of its limited mechanical strength. In this research, the glass fiber (GF) was added into RMC to increase its mechanical strength, and the effect of the length and mass fraction of GF on the mechanical strength of GF/RMC were investigated. Results showed that the compressive strength and flexural strength of RMC first increased and then decreased as the length and mass fraction of GF increased. In order to improve the interfacial bonding between GF and RMC, the GF was subsequently treated by ultrasonication, oxidation, and silanization. And three types of treated GF, i.e., ultrasonic treated GF (U‐GF), ultrasonic and oxidation treated GF (O‐GF), and ultrasonic, oxidation and silanization treated GF (S‐GF) were obtained. Among these three types of treated GF, the S‐GF exhibited superior reinforcement in RMC. In addition, the effect of oxidation parameters on the mechanical strength of S‐GF/RMC was investigated. In the case of sodium hydroxide oxidation, the optimum mechanical strength of S‐GF/RMC was achieved when the S‐GF was treated in 1.5 mol/L sodium hydroxide for 3 h at 40°C, in which the compressive strength and flexural strength of S‐GF/RMC increase by 17.5% and 20.8% compared to neat RMC, respectively. In the case of hydrogen nitrate oxidation, the best mechanical strength of S‐GF/RMC was achieved when the S‐GF was treated in 1.5 mol/L hydrogen nitrate for 5 h at 80°C, in which the compressive strength and flexural strength of S‐GF/RMC increased by 11.2% and 18.1% compared to neat RMC, respectively. POLYM. COMPOS., 38:1559–1570, 2017. © 2015 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Simultaneous impact modified and chain extended glass fiber reinforced poly(lactic acid) composites: Mechanical,thermal, crystallization,and dynamic mechanical performance

Herein, glass fiber (GF) reinforced binary, ternary, and quaternary poly(lactic acid) (PLA) composites were prepared. Toughening, and chain extension of PLA was achieved through the incorporation of impact modifier and chain extender and their concurrent effects on the spectroscopic, crystallization, mechanical, thermal, and thermomechanical properties of the composites were investigated. High mechanical properties of GF influenced the mechanical performance of the composites. However, GF alone could not restrict the chain mobility of PLA due to poor interface and low crystallization activities in the PLA-GF composite. Incorporation of impact modifier and chain extender produced significantly enhanced interaction between GF and PLA. Significantly, the crystallinity, impact strength, and flexural modulus of PLA in the quaternary composite were increased by 58%, 63%, and 66%, respectively. In addition, damping and effectiveness coefficient of the PLA-GF composite were notably reduced by the simultaneous impact modification and chain extension of the reinforced composites.     

GF增强PP复合材料的尺寸稳定性与力学性能

研究了马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(PP-g-MAH)含量及玻璃纤维(GF)含量对GF增强聚丙烯(PP)复合材料尺寸稳定性与力学性能的影响。结果表明,加入PP-g-MAH后,复合材料的线性膨胀系数和收缩率下降,结晶度、拉伸强度、弯曲强度和悬臂梁缺口冲击强度提高,但断裂伸长率下降。相比不添加PP-g-MAH的复合材料,当PP-g-MAH质量分数达到6%时,复合材料在流道方向上的线性膨胀系数从29.88μm/(m·℃)降低至24.93μm/(m·℃),在流道方向上的收缩率从0.20%下降至0.18%,拉伸强度、弯曲强度和悬臂梁缺口冲击强度基本达到最大值,分别提高130.18%,96.52%和49.20%;随着GF质量分数的增加,复合材料的线性膨胀系数和收缩率均显著下降,拉伸强度、弯曲强度和悬臂梁缺口冲击强度提高,而断裂伸长率和结晶度下降。相比不添加GF的复合材料,当GF质量分数为40%时,复合材料在流道方向上的线性膨胀系数从101.30μm/(m·℃)降低至18.08μm/(m·℃),在流道方向上的收缩率从1.43%下降至0.08%,结晶度从45.05%下降至23.96%,拉伸强度、弯曲强度和悬臂梁缺口冲击强度分别提高168.87%,306.40%和129.52%。     

玻璃纤维增强PBT/PC共混体系的研究

用双螺杆挤出机制备了不同组成的玻璃纤维增强聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯(PBT)／聚碳酸酯(PC)共混体系,研究了抗冲改性剂及酯交换抑制剂对共混体系力学性能的影响,并用扫描电子显微镜观察了不同共混体系的形态结构。结果表明,抗冲改性剂使共混体系冲击强度提高的同时,降低了共混体系的拉伸强度、弯曲强度及弯曲弹性模量;酯交换抑制剂的加入,降低了共混体系的力学性能,适当的酯交换反应有利于共混体系力学性能的提高;在该体系中PBT与PC相容性较好。     

ABS/SMA/GF复合材料的制备及性能

以丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(ABS)及玻璃纤维(GF)为原料,以苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物(SMA)作为界面相容剂,研究界面相容剂对玻璃纤维增强ABS复合材料力学性能及界面粘接的影响.结果表明:加入SMA玻纤增强ABS复合材料的力学性能明显提高;随着玻纤质量分数增加,复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度均逐渐增加,冲击强度下降.