双馈异步风力发电机定子匝间短路故障诊断

提出利用零序电压对双馈异步风力发电机定子匝间短路故障进行诊断的方法。在对定子绕组匝间短路故障零序电压分量产生机理进行分析的基础上,提出以零序电压作为故障特征量进行故障诊断。建立双馈异步风力发电机仿真模型,通过改变模型中短路匝数和短路电阻实现了匝间短路故障模拟。对发电机在转速恒定条件下的不同状态发生定子绕组匝间短路故障进行了仿真研究。结果表明:定子发生匝间短路故障后,会在定子中产生零序电压,并随着故障严重程度的增加而增大;零序电压会受到电源不对称和负载情况的影响,且随着负载的增大有微弱减小,利用零序电压进行故障诊断时,需要补偿这些非电机故障因素的影响。     

A novel stator resistance estimation method for speed-sensorless induction motor drives

A method for online estimation of the stator resistance of an induction machine is presented and a speed-sensorless field-oriented drive equipped with the proposed estimator is built. The drive is particularly suitable for low-speed operation. Resistance estimation is based on a two-time-scale approach, and the error between measured and observed current is used for parameter tuning. The simple full-order observer in use allows for direct field orientation in a wide range of operation. The system can drive active load and generate stall torque, as confirmed by numerical simulations and experimental tests on a general-purpose 7.5 kW induction machine.     

双馈异步发电机定子匝间短路故障诊断研究

分析双馈异步发电机定子绕组匝间短路故障负序电流的来源,提出以负序电流作为故障特征量进行故障诊断,建立双馈异步发电机仿真模型,通过改变模型中短路匝数和短路电阻的大小实现了匝间短路故障模拟.对仿真发电机在风速恒定的条件下发生定子绕组匝间短路故障进行了模拟.结果表明,定子发生匝间短路故障后,会在定子中增加负序电流分量,定子负...     

基于转子平均瞬时功率的双馈异步发电机定子绕组匝间短路故障诊断

由于双馈异步发电机转子参数的可测性,提出一种基于转子平均瞬时功率的定子绕组匝间短路故障诊断方法。首先推导出计及高次谐波的双馈异步发电机正常及发生定子绕组匝间短路故障时的转子平均瞬时功率的表达式,然后建立了双馈异步发电机的多回路数学模型,并对其正常和不同程度匝间短路故障时的转子平均瞬时功率进行仿真计算。对仿真结果进行频谱分析,得到定子绕组匝间短路故障前后转子平均瞬时功率谐波分量的变化规律,并验证了理论分析的正确性。分析结果表明转子平均瞬时功率谱直观简洁,其2倍频分量不受转差率影响,高次谐波分量对定子绕组匝间短路故障有较强的灵敏性。     

高压电动机定子线圈匝间绝缘问题的探讨

在实践经验的基础上，分析了我国匝间绝缘短路的主要原因，提出在匝间绝缘的设计，制造工艺及耐压试验等工序采取合理措施，以提高匝间绝缘的可靠性。     

Two-phase induction motor drives

This article starts with a presentation of the mathematical model for an asymmetrical two-phase induction motor drives (TPIM). This is followed by an analysis of TPIM behavior under variable frequency supply, with the running capacitor placed or removed from the circuit. This article attempts mainly to investigate the reasons for the lack of variable-speed drives. Consequently, the aptitude of the TPIMs for operating at variable speed is to be estimated and the suitable power electronic topologies identified. The most common form of a typical two-phase machine is the permanent split-capacitor motor (PSCM), usually recognized as the single-phase induction machine.     

基于小波变换的高压电动机定子绕组匝间短路故障在线检测新方法

基于小波变换的分析方法,提出了基于定子三相电流之间相位对称度检测的定子绕组匝问短路故障在线检测新方法。分析表明,该方法计算结果稳定、灵敏度高,能有效地检测出匝间短路故障。     

同步发电机励磁绕组匝间短路的仿真研究

转子绕组匝间短路故障会造成发电机励磁电流增大、输出无功减小、转子振动加剧等影响,如果不及早处理可能给机组的安全运行带来巨大威胁.近年来国内外研究主要通过实验检测及定性分析,由于不能准确计算故障电流等电气量,在实际应用中存在局限性.本文为多支路同步发电机励磁绕组匝间短路建立了改进的多回路数学模型,并提出了与励磁绕组有关的电感系数的计算方法,可以考虑气隙磁场畸变、定子绕组不平衡电流等因素的影响.针对1台4极凸极同步发电机,用该模型对不同匝数的励磁绕组匝间短路进行数字仿真,可得到短路后定、转子电流及有功功率、无功功率等.根据计算结果,本文提出励磁绕组匝间短路后定子同相不同分支之间出现分数次谐波环流、励磁电流出现基波及奇数次谐波的故障特征,并给出了物理解释,可以为转子匝间短路保护提供依据.     

MRAS-based speed sensorless control scheme with stator resistance identification function for vector-controlled induction motor drives

This paper describes a new scheme for the speed sensorless control of the vector-controlled induction motor drive. Based on the model reference adaptive system (MRAS) theory, the rotor speed of the induction machine is estimated with a full-order adaptive observer. The estimated speed then is used as the signal for the vector control and the speed control. To accurately estimate the speed at the lower speed range, the value of the stator resistance also is identified at the same time and then is used to modify the resistance value set in the observer. The resulting system is verified to be hyperstable with Popov's criterion. As a result, this drive can operate stably in a wide range of speed even at zero speed. Also, it is shown theoretically that neither speed nor resistance of the rotor can be identified at the same time because these two parameters are dependent on each other. Simulation results and experiments also show that the scheme is effective.     

定子绕组匝间短路对无刷双馈电机电磁特性的影响

针对无刷双馈发电机定子绕组匝间短路的暂态电磁特性,采用多回路模型和有限元模型相结合的方法,建立了用于分析定子绕组短路故障的无刷双馈发电机场路耦合模型,充分考虑齿槽效应,铁磁材料饱和以及涡流效应等因素的影响.对发电机匝间故障前后暂态和稳态下的电磁转矩特征进行了频谱分析,在此基础上研究了不同频率电磁转矩分量随故障匝数及故障...     

Detection of stator short circuit faults in three-phase induction motors using motor current zero crossing instants

Stator faults typically have a significant share amongst the common type of faults in industrial three-phase induction (asynchronous) motors. This paper presents a motor current signature analysis (MCSA)-based diagnostics of the stator winding short circuit fault. This type of fault happens due to the destruction of the turn insulation, and can be very detrimental causing motor shutdown. Instead of traditional MCSA using the motor stator current, in this paper, analysis using the zero crossing time (ZCT) signal of the stator current is presented. The theoretical aspects of the stator short circuit detection are presented. Following that, a diagnostic algorithm utilizing the ZCT signals is proposed. Experiments are performed with real motors, healthy and with shorted stator windings. Frequency analysis of the ZCT signals from the experimental data substantiates the theoretical arguments with significant accuracy.     

异步电动机定子故障检测新算法

为了提高异步电动机定子故障检测的可靠性,提出了计及转子故障时的异步电动机定子故障检测新算法.进行了定子绕组匝间短路与转子断条故障瞬态仿真并对仿真结果做了分析,指出:转子故障将导致定子电流出现(1±2 s)f1频率分量(s为转差率,f1^为供电频率),并使常规的定子电流负序分量算法准确性降低,而定子电流负序分量恰恰是定子故障特征量之一,因此转子故障将影响定子故障检测的可靠性,甚至导致故障误判.提出了计及转子故障时的定子故障检测新算法,其关键在于:预先采用频谱分析与校正、自适应滤波技术滤除来源于转子故障的定子电流(1±2s)f1频率分量.大量仿真与实验结果表明,该算法在转子正常或故障2种情况下均可准确计算定子电流负序分量.     

Modified direct torque control method for induction motor drives based on amplitude and angle control of stator flux

This paper proposes design and implementation of a direct torque controlled induction motor drive system. The method is based on control of separation between amplitude and angle of reference stator flux for determining reference stator voltage vector in generating PWM output voltage for induction motors. The objective is to reduce electromagnetic torque ripple and stator flux droop which result in a decrease in current distortion in steady-state condition. In addition, the proposed technique provides simplicity of a control system. The direct torque control is based on the relationship between instantaneous slip angular frequency and rotor angular frequency in adjustment of the reference stator flux angle. The amplitude of the reference stator flux is always kept constant at rated value. The system has been implemented to verify its capability such as torque and stator flux responses, stator phase current distortion both during dynamic and steady state with load variation, and low speed operation.     

同步调相机定子绕组匝间短路故障诊断

为了研究同步调相机定子绕组匝间短路故障,提出一种基于瞬时功率偶数次谐波的故障诊断方法.该方法以瞬时功率为研究对象,首先理论推导出该量在定子绕组匝间短路故障后的故障特征频率,并以一台TTS-300-2型同步调相机为例,利用有限元分析平台建立定子绕组匝间短路仿真模型.其次,利用实验室小型同步电机模拟调相机运行,比较不同故障...     

Sensorless control of inverter-fed induction motor drives

Sensorless control is considered to be a lower cost alternative than the position or speed encoder-based control of induction motors. Two popular sensorless control methods, namely, the model reference adaptive system (MRAS) and the Luenberger observer (LO) methods are compared for speed and torque control characteristics. They are also compared against the well-known vector control principle. For the drive system simulated, the torque and speed obtained from sensorless control are almost identical to those obtained from the vector control method. However, the torque ripple for the sensorless methods is observed to be higher than vector control-based method. The MRAS method introduces higher torque ripple when compared to the Luenberger observer. In addition, speed estimation methods employed in sensorless control are more sensitive to motor parameter variations.     

A robust principal component analysis-based approach for detection of a stator inter-turn fault in induction motors

Health condition monitoring of induction motors is important because of their vital role and wide us in a variety of industries. A stator inter-turn fault (SITF) is considered to be the most common electrical failure according to statistical studies. In this paper, an algorithm for the detection of an SITF is presented. It is based on one of the blind source separation techniques called principal component analysis (PCA). The proposed algorithm uses PCA to discriminate between the faulty components of motor current signatures and motor voltage signatures from other components. The standard deviation of one of the decomposed vectors is used as a statistical SITF criterion. The proposed criterion is robust to non-fault conditions including voltage quality problems and large mechanical load changes as well as harmonic contaminants in the voltage supply. In addition, with a straightforward and low computational burden in the fault detection process, the proposed method is computationally efficient. To evaluate the performance of the proposed method, large numbers of practical and simulation scenarios are considered, and the results confirm the good performance, high degree of accuracy, and good convergence speed of the proposed method.     

发电电动机励磁绕组匝间短路故障在线监测

通用的励磁绕组匝间短路故障在线监测方法未加分辨地采用定子中性点不平衡电流中的所有分数次谐波分量构成监测量及相应的报警值,可能因报警值较高而对小匝数故障不够灵敏。以江苏宜兴抽水蓄能电站发电电动机为例,计算小匝数励磁绕组匝间短路故障引起的定子中性点不平衡电流并实测正常工况下固有不平衡电流,在此基础上提出了一种改进的在线监测方案,提取由匝间短路引起的不平衡电流中含量较高的3/8次和5/8次谐波电流构成报警值。仿真计算结果表明,对于江苏宜兴抽水蓄能电站发电电动机,改进的在线监测方案能对3%及以上匝比的励磁绕组匝间短路故障发出警报,灵敏性优于通用监测方案。基于所提改进方案的在线监测装置已经成功投运于江苏宜兴抽水蓄能电站4号发电电动机。     

感应电机不对称短路的瞬态

首先建立对称运行和不对称短路时感应电机的瞬态模型,然后利用磁链守恒原则确定感应电机不对称短路时定、转子电流的初值,并用实例进行数值求解。全文为普通和双笼感应电机不对称短路的瞬态分析建立了理论基础。