双馈异步风力发电机定子匝间短路故障诊断

提出利用零序电压对双馈异步风力发电机定子匝间短路故障进行诊断的方法。在对定子绕组匝间短路故障零序电压分量产生机理进行分析的基础上,提出以零序电压作为故障特征量进行故障诊断。建立双馈异步风力发电机仿真模型,通过改变模型中短路匝数和短路电阻实现了匝间短路故障模拟。对发电机在转速恒定条件下的不同状态发生定子绕组匝间短路故障进行了仿真研究。结果表明:定子发生匝间短路故障后,会在定子中产生零序电压,并随着故障严重程度的增加而增大;零序电压会受到电源不对称和负载情况的影响,且随着负载的增大有微弱减小,利用零序电压进行故障诊断时,需要补偿这些非电机故障因素的影响。     

双馈异步发电机定子匝间短路故障诊断研究

分析双馈异步发电机定子绕组匝间短路故障负序电流的来源,提出以负序电流作为故障特征量进行故障诊断,建立双馈异步发电机仿真模型,通过改变模型中短路匝数和短路电阻的大小实现了匝间短路故障模拟.对仿真发电机在风速恒定的条件下发生定子绕组匝间短路故障进行了模拟.结果表明,定子发生匝间短路故障后,会在定子中增加负序电流分量,定子负...     

A novel stator resistance estimation method for speed-sensorless induction motor drives

A method for online estimation of the stator resistance of an induction machine is presented and a speed-sensorless field-oriented drive equipped with the proposed estimator is built. The drive is particularly suitable for low-speed operation. Resistance estimation is based on a two-time-scale approach, and the error between measured and observed current is used for parameter tuning. The simple full-order observer in use allows for direct field orientation in a wide range of operation. The system can drive active load and generate stall torque, as confirmed by numerical simulations and experimental tests on a general-purpose 7.5 kW induction machine.     

Two-phase induction motor drives

This article starts with a presentation of the mathematical model for an asymmetrical two-phase induction motor drives (TPIM). This is followed by an analysis of TPIM behavior under variable frequency supply, with the running capacitor placed or removed from the circuit. This article attempts mainly to investigate the reasons for the lack of variable-speed drives. Consequently, the aptitude of the TPIMs for operating at variable speed is to be estimated and the suitable power electronic topologies identified. The most common form of a typical two-phase machine is the permanent split-capacitor motor (PSCM), usually recognized as the single-phase induction machine.     

MRAS-based speed sensorless control scheme with stator resistance identification function for vector-controlled induction motor drives

This paper describes a new scheme for the speed sensorless control of the vector-controlled induction motor drive. Based on the model reference adaptive system (MRAS) theory, the rotor speed of the induction machine is estimated with a full-order adaptive observer. The estimated speed then is used as the signal for the vector control and the speed control. To accurately estimate the speed at the lower speed range, the value of the stator resistance also is identified at the same time and then is used to modify the resistance value set in the observer. The resulting system is verified to be hyperstable with Popov's criterion. As a result, this drive can operate stably in a wide range of speed even at zero speed. Also, it is shown theoretically that neither speed nor resistance of the rotor can be identified at the same time because these two parameters are dependent on each other. Simulation results and experiments also show that the scheme is effective.     

Detection of stator short circuit faults in three-phase induction motors using motor current zero crossing instants

Stator faults typically have a significant share amongst the common type of faults in industrial three-phase induction (asynchronous) motors. This paper presents a motor current signature analysis (MCSA)-based diagnostics of the stator winding short circuit fault. This type of fault happens due to the destruction of the turn insulation, and can be very detrimental causing motor shutdown. Instead of traditional MCSA using the motor stator current, in this paper, analysis using the zero crossing time (ZCT) signal of the stator current is presented. The theoretical aspects of the stator short circuit detection are presented. Following that, a diagnostic algorithm utilizing the ZCT signals is proposed. Experiments are performed with real motors, healthy and with shorted stator windings. Frequency analysis of the ZCT signals from the experimental data substantiates the theoretical arguments with significant accuracy.     

Modified direct torque control method for induction motor drives based on amplitude and angle control of stator flux

This paper proposes design and implementation of a direct torque controlled induction motor drive system. The method is based on control of separation between amplitude and angle of reference stator flux for determining reference stator voltage vector in generating PWM output voltage for induction motors. The objective is to reduce electromagnetic torque ripple and stator flux droop which result in a decrease in current distortion in steady-state condition. In addition, the proposed technique provides simplicity of a control system. The direct torque control is based on the relationship between instantaneous slip angular frequency and rotor angular frequency in adjustment of the reference stator flux angle. The amplitude of the reference stator flux is always kept constant at rated value. The system has been implemented to verify its capability such as torque and stator flux responses, stator phase current distortion both during dynamic and steady state with load variation, and low speed operation.     

Sensorless control of inverter-fed induction motor drives

Sensorless control is considered to be a lower cost alternative than the position or speed encoder-based control of induction motors. Two popular sensorless control methods, namely, the model reference adaptive system (MRAS) and the Luenberger observer (LO) methods are compared for speed and torque control characteristics. They are also compared against the well-known vector control principle. For the drive system simulated, the torque and speed obtained from sensorless control are almost identical to those obtained from the vector control method. However, the torque ripple for the sensorless methods is observed to be higher than vector control-based method. The MRAS method introduces higher torque ripple when compared to the Luenberger observer. In addition, speed estimation methods employed in sensorless control are more sensitive to motor parameter variations.     

感应电机不对称短路的瞬态

首先建立对称运行和不对称短路时感应电机的瞬态模型,然后利用磁链守恒原则确定感应电机不对称短路时定、转子电流的初值,并用实例进行数值求解。全文为普通和双笼感应电机不对称短路的瞬态分析建立了理论基础。     

Five-level double converters for induction motor drives

In this article, a PWM control strategy for a three-phase, five-level double converter system is proposed. The proposed method is able to correct the five-level DC potentials, maintain the input power factor at near unity, and achieve adjustable-speed drive. Simulation and experimental results verified the validity of the control strategy. However, large voltage ripples were observed in the experimental results. Further study is needed to develop a control method that can reduce voltage ripples at the DC link capacitors as well as the harmonic distortions of the input and output waveforms     

感应电机DTC模糊逻辑细分电压空间矢量控制

提出了一种基于模糊逻辑细分矢量的感应电机DT℃控制方案.该方案以减小转矩脉动和改善DTC系统转矩与磁链控制性能为目标,将定子磁链误差、转矩误差和磁链角度进行细分,引入模糊逻辑思想进行合理的模糊分级,再结合细分的十二空间电压矢量建立模糊开关选择表,以利选择最优空间电压矢量,改善磁链、转矩的平稳性及转矩脉动.对该方案进行了仿真和实验研究,结果表明这种模糊逻辑十二空间电压矢量的DTC控制比传统DTC系统转矩与磁链控制性能更优越.     

Five-level GTO inverters for large induction motor drives

The development of large induction motor drives with low torque ripple and fast dynamic response for new or retrofit applications has been limited by the device ratings and problems of series connections. This paper investigates the use of a five-level GTO voltage-sourced inverter for large induction motor drives. The advantages of such a drive are that single GTO thyristors may be used at each level, thereby avoiding the need for series connection of the thyristors. The thyristors are well protected from overvoltages by the clamping action of the DC supply capacitors. The disadvantages are that each DC level requires a separate supply, four in the case of the five-level inverter, and that the devices are not equally loaded. This paper reviews the basic operation of the five-level inverter and possible PWM voltage/frequency control techniques for the specific application of induction motor drives. The simulation results clearly show the unequal loading of the devices and the need for independent voltage supplies for the five levels. It is shown that a combination of several PWM techniques offers the best solution for the drives application. The conclusions indicate that large induction motors with ratings up to 22 MVA, 7.46 kV may be supplied by the five-level inverter using available 4.5 kV, 3.0 kA GTO thyristors. The recommended supply for such an inverter with full regenerative operation over the complete speed range is four, four-quadrant converters in a quasi-24-pulse configuration     

A hybrid solution for load-commutated-inverter-fed induction motor drives

A novel, hybrid solution employing a combination of a load-commutated inverter (LCI) and a voltage-source inverter (VSI) is proposed for induction motor drives. By avoiding the use of output capacitors and a forced dc-commutation circuit, this solution can eliminate all disadvantages related with these circuits in the conventional LCI-based induction motor drives. In addition, improved quality of output current waveforms and faster dynamic response can be achieved. The proposed hybrid scheme features the following tasks: 1) the safe commutation angle for the LCI, controlled by the VSI in the entire speed region of the induction motor and 2) a dc-link current control loop to ensure minimum VSI rating. Advantages of the proposed solution over the conventional LCI-based induction motor drives include the following: 1) sinusoidal motor phase current and voltage based on the instantaneous motor speed control; 2) fast dynamic response by the VSI operation; and 3) elimination of motor circuit resonance and motor torque pulsation. The feasibility of the proposed hybrid circuit for the high-power drive system is verified by computer simulation for a 500-hp induction motor. Experimental results to support the use of the proposed system are also included for a 1-hp induction motor laboratory setup.     

电动汽车感应电机DTC变结构双模糊控制

电动汽车感应电机传统直接转矩控制驱动系统存在转速自适应性能差和低速转矩脉动等问题。针对这些问题,提出一种基于转速、磁链和转矩变结构模糊控制的感应电机直接转矩控制驱动系统。采用速度模糊自适应PI控制实现电动汽车变负载下转速的稳定控制,采用磁链和转矩变结构模糊控制解决转矩的脉动问题。仿真和实验结果表明:该系统磁链和转矩得到了更精细的控制,降低了低速转矩脉动,同时转速模糊控制使电动汽车获得较好的驱动自适应控制性能。     

Stator winding turn-fault detection for closed-loop induction motor drives

Sensorless diagnostics for line-connected machines is based on extracting fault signatures from the spectrum of the line currents. However, for closed-loop drives, the power supply is a regulated current source and, hence, the motor voltages must also be monitored for fault information. In this paper, a previously proposed neural network scheme for turn-fault detection in line-connected induction machines is extended to inverter-fed machines, with special emphasis on closed-loop drives. Experimental results are provided to illustrate that the method is impervious to machine and instrumentation nonidealities, and that it requires lesser data memory and computation requirements than existing schemes, which are based on data lookup tables.     

Decoupled direct control for PWM inverter-fed induction motor drives

A new direct torque and stator flux control method is presented for pulsewidth modulation (PWM) inverter-fed induction motors. This new strategy, called decoupled direct control (DDC), is based on a decoupling matrix that allows for the separate control of the stator flux and the torque. This method is compared to the well-known direct field-oriented control (FOC) and stator flux vector control (SFVC) methods. Two DDC-based methods are presented. The first determines the stator voltage vector such that the torque and the flux track their respective reference trajectories in one sampling time. The second sets separately the dynamic behavior of the torque and stator flux errors by the use of proportional-plus integral (PI)-type controllers. These methods take into account the full motor dynamics without the need of a coordinate transformation and reduce significantly computation requirements compared to FOC and SFVC. The two proposed strategies have been implemented experimentally and comparisons with FOC and SFVC were carried out. The obtained results show the effectiveness of the proposed PI-DDC strategy.     

The voltage-frequency relationship for inverter fed induction motor drives

Contents The voltage-frequency relationship and its influence on the losses in the inverter fed induction motor drive is investigated. It is found that the control condition yielding minimum losses very nearly coincides with the control condition requiring minimum motor current for a particular load and speed, and it is shown that there exists an optimum voltage vs torque relationship applicable to all frequencies.

---

Der Spannungs-Frequenz-Zusammenhang für einen wechselrichtergespeisten Induktionsmotor-Antrieb

Übersicht Der Spannungs-Frequenz-Zusammenhang und sein Einfluß auf die Verluste eines wechselrichtergespeisten Induktionsmotor-Antriebs wird untersucht. Es wird gefunden, daß der Regelungszustand, der minimale Verluste ermöglicht, näherungsweise mit einem minimalen Effektivstrom für eine beliebige Last und Geschwindigkeit übereinstimmt. Es wird auch gezeigt, daß ein optimales Spannungs-Drehmoment-Verhältnis besteht, das für alle Frequenzen gilt.

     

Digital field-oriented control for dual three-phase induction motor drives

A direct rotor-field-oriented control of a dual-three phase induction motor drive is described in this paper. The induction machine has two sets of stator three-phase windings spatially shifted by 30 electrical degrees. The stator windings are fed by a current-controlled pulsewidth-modulation (PWM) six-phase voltage-source inverter. Three key issues are discussed: (1) the machine dynamic model is based on the vector space decomposition theory; (2) the PWM strategy uses the double zero-sequence injection modulation technique which gives good results with low computational and hardware requirements; and (3) to eliminate the inherent asymmetries of the drive power section, a new current control scheme is proposed. Experimental results are presented for a 10-kW dual three-phase induction motor drive prototype.