基于DCS的WMSN多视角视频编解码

为了有效解决无线多媒体传感器网络中多视角视频监控传输数据量大以及网络能量、资源受限的问题,提出了一种基于分布式压缩感知的高压缩率多视角视频编解码方法.对多视角视频序列进行分组处理,并将图像组分为关键帧和非关键帧;对关键帧采用基于压缩感知(compressed sensing,CS)的编解码方法进行处理;而在非关键帧的编码端采用联合稀疏表示方法对残差图像稀疏表示,解码端利用帧间时间相关性和多视角空间相关性预测生成当前视频帧,并借助差异补偿方法进一步提高预测准确性,同时提高了重构效果.实验结果表明,该方法取得较高的压缩率,重构出的图像质量比参考方法更高,且PSNR值得到了较大的提高.     

残差分布式视频压缩感知*

压缩感知(CS)是一种能同时进行数据采集和压缩的新理论,为简化编码算法提供了依据,同时,分布式视频编码(DVC)为低复杂度的视频编码提供了思路。因此,通过整合DVC和CS各自的特性以构建编码简单的视频编码框架,并采用残差技术来提高系统性能,最终提出了一种残差分布式视频压缩感知(RDCVS)算法:对关键帧进行传统的帧内编、解码;而对非关键帧,编码端采用一种基于残差联合稀疏模型的随机观测,解码端利用边信息和改进的梯度投影重建(GPSR)算法进行优化重构。由于将运动估计和变换编码等复杂度较高的运算转移到解码端进行,因而RDCVS保持了低复杂度的编码特性。实验结果表明,RDCVS算法比参考方案的恢复质量提高了2～3 dB。     

基于运动特征融合的快速视频超分辨率重构方法

基于深度学习的视频超分辨率重构方法常面临重构精度不高或重构时间过长的问题,难以实时获得高精度的重构结果.针对此问题,文中提出基于深度残差网络的视频超分辨率重构方法,可以快速地对视频进行高精度重构,并在较小分辨率视频的重构过程中达到实时重构的要求.自适应关键帧判别子网自适应地从视频帧中判别关键帧,关键帧经过高精度关键帧重构子网进行重构.对于非关键帧,将其特征与邻近关键帧间的运动估计特征和邻近关键帧的特征逐层融合,直接获得非关键帧的特征,从而快速获得非关键帧的重构结果.在公开数据集上的实验表明,文中方法能实现对视频的快速、高精度重构,鲁棒性较好.     

基于运动补偿估计的视频压缩感知编码与重构

针对传统视频编解码过程中计算量大,数据冗余的问题,利用新的压缩感知理论和运动补偿估计技术,提出了新的视频压缩处理过程。将视频帧分组,对关键帧采用压缩感知,对非关键帧利用运动补偿估计技术求残差,并对残差进行压缩感知,利用GPSR算法重构原始数据。实验仿真结果表明提出的模型能够利用较少的随机采样数据重构原始信息,达到较高的平均信噪比。     

非局部低秩正则化视频压缩感知重构

视频压缩感知在采样资源受限的视频采集领域具有重要研究意义,重构算法是视频压缩感知系统的关键技术.为了更好地从压缩采样数据中重构视频信号,提出一种基于全变分与非局部低秩正则化的视频重构算法,为视频重构提供一种新的思路.算法第1步考虑视频帧内和帧间的局部相关性,应用全变分模型作为先验约束得到初步恢复的视频帧;第2步考虑视频帧内与帧间的非局部自相似性,应用改进的非局部低秩正则化算法对其进一步重构,该步骤针对初步恢复的图像帧分块在本帧和关键帧中寻找相似块,构建低秩矩阵进行低秩正则化重构.仿真结果表明,所提出算法能够精确重构视频信号,相比主流的视频压缩感知重构算法具有更高的重构质量.     

基于K-SVD的低信噪比WMSN视频图像稀疏去噪

无线多媒体传感器网络WMSN因感知视频等信息的优势而被广泛应用,但受天气、光照等外因干扰,所采集视频图像常含有较为严重的噪声。因此,在低信噪比条件下进行视频图像去噪是保证WMSN视频监测有效性和可靠性的关键。在分析WMSN视频图像特征的基础上,首先对其进行周期性采集、分帧及帧差等预处理;然后对关键帧运用K SVD训练DCT冗余字典以充分稀疏表示图像特征,并采用基于残差比的改进型Batch OMP实现关键帧去噪及重构,而对残差帧则基于DCT冗余字典进行稀疏去噪处理;最后,叠加去噪后的关键帧和残差帧,从而整体上实现低信噪比WMSN视频图像的去噪及重构。实验表明,本算法能更加有效地、较为快速地滤除视频图像噪声,适用于低信噪比WMSN视频图像去噪。     

基于光流的快速人体姿态估计

针对目前深度学习领域人体姿态估计算法计算复杂度高的问题,提出了一种基于光流的快速人体姿态估计算法.在原算法的基础上,首先利用视频帧之间的时间相关性,将原始视频序列分为关键帧和非关键帧分别处理（相邻两关键帧之间的图像和前向关键帧组成一个视频帧组,同一视频帧组内的视频帧相似）,仅在关键帧上运用人体姿态估计算法,并通过轻量级光流场将关键帧识别结果传播到其他非关键帧.其次针对视频中运动场的动态特性,提出一种基于局部光流场的自适应关键帧检测算法,以根据视频的局部时域特性确定视频关键帧的位置.在OutdoorPose和HumanEvaI数据集上的实验结果表明,对于存在背景复杂、部件遮挡等问题的视频序列中,所提算法较原算法检测性能略有提升,检测速度平均可提升89.6%.     

基于半像素运动估计的DCVS残差重建算法

针对分布式视频压缩感知中非关键帧重建质量较差的问题进行了研究,提出了一种基于半像素插值技术的残差多假设块迭代重建算法。该算法先对重建后的相邻关键帧进行半像素插值运动估计生成当前非关键帧的边信息;然后,在测量域内对非关键帧与边信息求残差并对残差进行多假设重建;最后,将重建的残差与边信息进行融合得到重建的非关键帧。仿真结果表明,基于半像素插值的改进残差多假设块迭代重建算法比多假设迭代重建算法重建质量平均提高了0.3~1.4dB,提高了非关键帧的重建质量。     

基于纹理特征的分布式视频压缩感知自适应重构方法

面对大规模视频数据带来的全新挑战,具备硬件友好特性的分布式视频压缩感知应运而生。由于传统基于分析模型的分布式视频压缩感知重构方法计算复杂度高,难以满足实时应用的要求,因此深度学习技术被逐渐引入。然而,现有基于深度学习的重构方法忽略了帧的纹理特征,限制了重构性能。由于同图像组中的视频帧具有较高的相似性,因此可以选择相邻视频帧作为当前视频帧纹理特征的参考。为了解决这个问题,提出一种基于纹理特征的分布式视频压缩感知自适应重构网络,命名为TF-DCVSNet。具体来说,TF-DCVSNet利用已重构的相邻帧纹理特征,激活当前重构帧的重构网络模块,进行自适应重构。大量实验验证了TF-DCVSNet的有效性。     

基于双边信息的分布式视频压缩感知模型研究

针对传统视频编码技术计算量大和复杂度高的缺点,提出一种基于双边信息的分布式视频压缩感知算法。该算法将压缩感知技术与分布式视频编码技术相结合,把视频序列分为Key帧和CS帧,Key帧运用传统的帧内编码和解码,CS帧编码端运用压缩感知编码,解码端运用视频块内与视频块间的双边信息和梯度投影算法进行优化重构。通过双边信息的运动估计和压缩编码器的设计,实现基于双边信息的分布式视频压缩感知模型的构建。仿真结果表明该模型既可以实现高效编码,又可以实现复杂度由编码端向解码端转移,在较低的采样率下,提高视频的压缩能力和传输速度。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。