热电冷联产系统的探讨

介绍了热电联产的发展,论述了热电联产系统的特点,分析了外燃烧式热电冷联产系统节能条件,计算表明内燃烧式系统具有节能优势和潜力。     

热电冷联产系统节能性分析

为评价热电冷联产与热电联产、冷分产及热电冷分产的节能性，建立了相应的节煤量、当量热力系数、热电冷联产系统供电煤耗3种评价指标的数学模型，并应用于对国产供热式机组的评价，认为热电冷联产系统节能是有条件的，并与评价指标有关，节煤量指标适用于分析热电冷联产系统节能性。     

我国发展燃气热电冷联产系统的探讨

通过分析我国燃气热电联产系统和燃气热电冷联产系统的的节能性和环保性,指出大型燃气蒸汽联合循环系统比中小型燃气热电冷联产系统更具优势,燃气热电联产系统比燃气冷电联产系统更节能。探讨了中小型燃气热电冷联产系统的适用范围。     

热电冷联产系统节能性的[火用]分析

利用[火用]分析的方法，定义了等效发电[火用]效率，对常用热电冷联产系统形式的节能性进行了分析。认为相对于全国平均供电煤耗而言，热电冷联产系统的节能是有条件的，应选取合理的方式，优化设计和运行方案；相对于当前有些热电厂夏季负荷不足的情况，热电冷联产是节能的，在不同的情况下节能率在7．8％～39％之间。建议利用现有的热电联产条件，发展热电冷联产系统，提高现有热电厂的设备利用率和运行经济性。     

热电冷联产系统节能效益分析

分别以热电冷联产系统的燃料节约量、当量热力系数及热电冷联产系统的供电煤耗作为评价标准,对热电冷联产系统的节能效益进行了分析与研究,并提出了临界供电煤耗概念,作为判断在热电冷联产系统中节能的条件。     

热电冷联产系统节能性的(火用)分析

利用分析的方法,定义了等效发电效率,对常用热电冷联产系统形式的节能性进行了分析。认为相对于全国平均供电煤耗而言,热电冷联产系统的节能是有条件的,应选取合理的方式,优化设计和运行方案;相对于当前有些热电厂夏季负荷不足的情况,热电冷联产是节能的,在不同的情况下节能率在7.8%~39%之间。建议利用现有的热电联产条件,发展热电冷联产系统,提高现有热电厂的设备利用率和运行经济性。     

规划优化在楼宇式燃气热电冷联产系统经济评价的研究与应用

应用增量投资法对天津市某楼宇的燃气热电冷联产系统进行了评价,用规划优化的方法建立了相应的数学模型,并进行了优化,分析了影响燃气热电冷联产系统经济性的重要因素,得出在实际应用中,要谨慎看待楼宇的燃气热电冷联产系统相对于热电冷分产系统的节能、经济优势.     

企业自备热电厂的节能性分析

以余姚市某化纤企业自备热电厂热电联产系统为研究对象,对其热、电负荷做了计算,同时用标准煤耗量和总热效率2个指标对系统进行节能性分析。分析结果表明:热电联产系统节能性要优于分产系统,实施热电联产后全厂总热效率提高27.3%,在企业年生产总量不变的条件下,年节约标准煤18125.55t,极大地节约运行成本。文章最后还指出该系统在夏季运行时热负荷减少导致发电量减少,并提出将系统改进为热电冷联产系统的建议。实行热电冷联产后,系统总热效率较原来夏季热电联产系统总热效率提高24.7%,系统节能性进一步提高。     

杭州市区热电联产的发展前景

中叙述了杭州市区热电联产的现状，指出热电联产有利于环保和节约能源，以及天然气在热电（冷）联产中的应用。最后，对发展电联产提出了建议。     

中小型沼气热电冷联产应用的探讨

本文介绍了中小型沼气热电冷联产系统的方式、特点和应用领域,并指出存在的问题及相应的解决方法。对沼气发电及热电冷联产进行了技术经济分析,提出了推动中小型沼气热电冷联产系统发展的一些建议,指明沼气发电及热电冷联产的应用前景。     

燃气内燃发电机热电冷联供系统

介绍了燃气内燃发电机三联供系统的工作原理及3种系统形式,着重阐述了热电一体式联供系统,提出了发展燃气热电冷联供遇到的问题和对今后发展的建议。     

建筑冷热电联产系统综述

探讨了建筑冷热电联产系统的组成,分析了它的优点。阐述了该系统的国内外发展现状和国内应用前景．分析了发展建筑冷热电联产系统需要解决的技术、经济等方面的问题。     

燃料电池分布式供能技术研究及应用

燃料电池技术因其效率高、排放量小的优点而成为发电和供能行业的研究重点.介绍了3种燃料电池分布式供能方式:热电联供、冷热电联供、联合循环发电,并给出了各种方式的应用范围.分析了燃料电池供能的理论效率和实际效率,并与其他供能方式进行了比较,介绍了燃料电池分布式供能技术的应用现状及国内外的研究进展.     

基于可能性与可用性的CCHP系统热力学分析

介绍了理想冷热电三联供(CCHP)系统的热力学原理，指出其巨大的节能潜力。通过与热电冷分产系统比较，分析了一种以燃气动力装置驱动的CCHP系统的经济性。讨论了CCHP系统的可能性与可用性。     

区域供热锅炉多联产改造及其节能分析——以天津空港经济区为例

对4台75t/h的蒸汽锅炉分别进行了热电联产改造(增加2台7MW的背压汽轮发电机组)和热冷联产改造(增加溴化锂吸收式制冷机组)的节能分析,建议进行热电冷三联产改造。     

Performance analysis of green engine-driven systems for space cooling

As fuel prices keep changing and energy reserves keep decreasing, efficient methods of energy utilisation and conversion should be used. Heat pumping is a good example where low-grade diluted thermal energy is abstracted from air outdoors and then transferred and concentrated at higher air temperature indoors. For space cooling, the thermal energy is abstracted from warm air indoors and then thrown outdoors.

This work covers engine-assisted cooling systems both vapour compression and absorption, associated with gas turbine and internal combustion engines. Primary energy was found to be saved by about 50%, especially with gas turbines, relative to the basic electrical system operated by supplied electricity from the power plant.     

Comparison of natural gas driven heat pumps and electrically driven heat pumps with conventional systems for building heating purposes

Electrically driven heat pumps achieve good efficiencies for space heating. If heat pumps are driven directly by a combustion engine instead of an electric motor, losses attributed to the production and transport of electricity are eliminated. Additionally, the use of the combustion engine's heat leads to a reduced temperature difference across the heat pump. This article presents annual efficiencies of these systems and compares internal combustion engine and electrically driven heat pumps in terms of primary energy consumption and CO₂ emissions. Because heat pump performance depends strongly on the heating circuit's flow temperature level, the comparison is performed for air-to-water and geothermal heat pump systems in two cases of maximum flow temperatures (40 °C and 60 °C). These temperature levels represent typical modern buildings with large heating surfaces and older buildings with high-temperature radiators, respectively. In addition to the different heat pump setups, conventional space heating systems are included in the comparison. The calculations show that natural gas-driven heat pumps achieve about the same efficiency and CO₂ emissions as electrically driven heat pumps powered with electricity from the most modern natural gas-fired combined cycle power plants. The efficiency of such systems is about twice that of conventional boiler technologies.     

Verification of energy efficiency of district heating and cooling system by simulation considering design and operation parameters

This paper aims to verify the advantages of district heating and cooling (DHC) systems in terms of energy efficiency. From the measurement data, the parameters that characterize the energy efficiency of a heating/cooling plant are identified for DHC and an individual building. A simulation model that considers the difference in these parameters is developed. This model examines both the advantages and disadvantages of DHC systems and the effect of each parameter. The results show that the energy efficiency for cooling in DHC systems is superior to that in the case of individual cooling systems because of the “concentration effect” and “grade of operation”.