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1.
The importance of language in international knowledge transfer 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Abstract and Key Results
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| • | In this article, we examine the effects of language on the transfer of knowledge within multinational companies. We unbundle language from the culture box and use the basic communication model to show how language affects all stages. |
| • | We also examine a range of influences — cost, transfer medium, teams, networks, trust, staff movements and motivation — on international knowledge transfer to demonstrate how language effects their operation. |
| • | We develop the concept of language as a “reconfiguration agent” to explain its extensive, pervasive, on-going and system-altering characteristics. |
2.
Learning through international acquisitions: The process of knowledge acquisition in China 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Abstract and Key Results
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| • | Research on the process of knowledge learning and absorption in acquisition context has emerged recently. Yet relatively less attention has been paid to the process of knowledge transfer and learning and its impact on successful acquisitions. |
| • | This paper adopts a process perspective’ to investigate this issue. Based on four international acquisitions in China, it generates new theoretical propositions as well as practical managerial implications. |
| • | Results reveal the types of knowledge acquired and how it is transferred and learnt to contribute to the success of international acquisitions. The knowledge acquisition and learning process in international context involve three stages: knowledge assessment, knowledge sharing and knowledge assimilation. |
| • | Foreign acquirers tend to acquire complementary knowledge from local targets, adopt dual management structure and facilitate communications with local personnel in order to achieve the success of acquisitions and future operations. |
3.
Abstract and Key Results
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| • | MNEs are moving away from a ‘centralised hub’ to a ‘multi-hub’ network of R&D units. Using evidence from European pharmaceutical MNEs, this study analyses the challenges associated with promoting and integrating knowledge flows in multi-hub R&D organisational structures. |
| • | While these new structures provide greater potential for cross-fertilization of technologies and access to location-specific competences, firms also need to overcome greater levels of inter-unit geographical, organisational and technological distance. Firms also suffer from organisational inertia, which further hinders lateral communication and inter-unit knowledge transfer. |
| • | There are important variations in the way in which integrated network structures have been implemented, but in general, these new structures have increased the need for coordination mechanisms, but ironically most companies have reduced or eliminated this ‘traditional’ headquarters function. |
| • | While socialization mechanisms help to overcome some of these bottlenecks, there remain a number of obstacles in optimising knowledge flows in physically and technologically dispersed R&D facilities. |
4.
| • | Both scholars and practitioners have paid much attention to the impact of retaining top-performing knowledge workers on organizational effectiveness. |
| • | This study hypothesizes and analyzes how a bundle of high-commitment human resource practices (HCHRPs) influence affective organizational commitment, a strong predictor of employee turnover, of top performers versus ordinary employees. |
| • | This study suggests that HCHRPs may enable organizations to retain not only ordinary employees but also top performers through their positive impact on employees’ organizational commitment. |
| • | Using a sample of middle level managerial and R&D workers in 11 subsidiaries of a multinational conglomerate located in East Asia, this study showed that a bundle of high commitment human resource practices was positively related to the affective organizational commitment of top performers more than that of lower performers. |
5.
Naveen Kumar Jain Sumit K. Kundu Fred A. Niederman 《Management International Review》2008,48(4):447-461
Abstract and Key Results
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| • | This conceptual paper examines the dynamics of the offshoring of information technology (IT) service work. It considers this important emerging phenomenon from multiple lenses, especially those of international business theories. |
| • | Research propositions are developed based on the perspectives of home country firms, host nation and the dynamic interactions between the two. Questions for future research are suggested. |
| • | Already established nations in the field get more opportunities than the new entrants to increase their competitiveness from experience-based knowledge gained as a result of the imitative actions of home country firms. |
6.
Laszlo Tihanyi Robert E. Hoskisson Richard A. Johnson William P. Wan 《Management International Review》2009,49(4):409-431
| • | This paper shows that the role of managerial incentives is highlighted by a relatively complex relationship between technological competence and international diversification. By studying a sample of Standard & Poor’s 500 member firms, we explore the relationships between technological competence, managerial pay, and international diversification. |
| • | Results indicated a curvilinear relationship (an inverted U-shape) between technological competence and international diversification. |
| • | In line with agency theory, contingent pay (stock options and bonuses) was positively related to international diversification. |
| • | Beyond these direct effects, both contingent and non-contingent pay (cash compensation) moderated the relationship between technological competence and international diversification. |
7.
Understanding Decisions to Internationalize by Small and Medium-sized Firms Located in an Emerging Market 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
| • | We examined perceptions differentiating key Colombian decisionmakers in 168 SMEs who decided to either internationalize or remain domestic. An integrative model compares managerial perceptions of competitive, macro-environmental and neo-institutional factors. |
| • | Foreign MNEs in the home market significantly differentiated decisions to internationalize, as well as the presence of internationalizing domestic competitors, anticipated product acceptance, and internationalizing suppliers. |
| • | The lack of findings for some institutional and macro-environmental factors may reflect important contextual features of the Colombian business environment. |
8.
Knowledge-related competitiveness and the roles of multinationals’ R&D in a peripheral European economy: Survey analysis of Greece 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
Dimitris Manolopoulos Marina Papanastassiou Robert Pearce 《Management International Review》2007,47(5):661-682
Abstract and Key Results
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| • | The paper analyses survey evidence on foreign firms’ R&D in Greece, in the light of recently derived perceptions of decentralisation of knowledge-related activities in MNEs’ strategic programmes. |
| • | We investigate various aspects of MNEs’ knowledge-related competitiveness in an intermediate-level economy. We examine the nature, extent and influences of R&D positioning. We also test empirically the relationship between subsidiaries’ strategic motivations and the different roles allocated to R&D departments. |
| • | In the main, the results meet expectations for a middle-income peripheral European economy. Original development work is at significant levels. However, adaptation of existing technologies to local conditions is still the primary aim of R&D in MNE subsidiaries in Greece. There are clear signs of integration/interdependence of work in R&D labs with other parts of MNE networks. The survey evidence also confirms that subsidiaries’ roles are a decisive factor determining the type of overseas labs. |
9.
| • | Employing detailed industry-level data, this paper examines the country-of-origin effects of foreign direct investment in China. |
| • | The analysis demonstrates that there are significant differences in behaviour between investors from non-Chinese Western (NCW) source countries and those from Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan (HMT). |
| • | The findings show that NCW investors target local market, while HMT investors are export-oriented. Furthermore, NCW firms are more responsive to local labour quality and technological capability than their HMT counterparts. |
10.
| • | This paper examines the conditions under which corporate social responsibility (CSR) is related to value creation in the multinational enterprise (MNE). |
| • | Following prior work by Burke and Logsdon (1996), we examine the relationship of centrality, appropriability, proactivity, visibility, and voluntarism to value creation. |
| • | The results of a survey of 111 MNEs in Mexico suggest that centrality, visibility, and voluntarism are related to value creation. |
11.
Christos N. Pitelis 《Management International Review》2009,49(1):95-120
| • | We explore the role of foreign direct investment and (its relationship to) clusters for the competitiveness (and catching-up) of small(er) developing countries. |
| • | We suggest that while size per se need not matter, small(er) developing countries need to explicitly account for any liabilities of smallness when devising and implementing strategies for competitiveness and catching-up. |
| • | We claim that international strategic management scholarship can add insights on this important issue, by complementing extant literature and contributions by international trade and economic development scholarship. |
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12.
Abstract and Key Results
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| • | This paper focuses on the overall themes of the issue to examine the interrelationships between innovation, competition and regulatory change in international business. |
| • | It provides a synthesis by highlighting recent interlinked developments in two contrasting industries dominated by large multinationals — pharmaceuticals and automotives, with specific reference to cars. |
| • | This industry based assessment highlights the technical, economic and regulatory forces that have together changed the business environment, innovation processes and nature of competition in the pharmaceutical and automotive industries. |
13.
A new perspective on the regional and global strategies of multinational services firms 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Abstract and Key Results
相似文献
| • | We explore the differences in international strategy between multinational enterprises (MNEs) in services and manufacturing, especially in terms of their international diversification, as measured by their sales and asset dispersion. |
| • | Our longitudinal data show that the largest MNEs in services have a much stronger home-region orientation than manufacturing MNEs. Large MNEs in the services sector average 83.9 percent of their sales in their home region, which is significantly higher than large manufacturing firms at 65.6 percent. |
| • | We explore the possible reasons for the relative lack of globalization of services firms. The two main reasons are: the difficulty of adapting separately upstream activities and downstream activities in high distance host environments, and the difficulty of selecting activity locations as a function of supply side criteria. |
| • | We offer a refinement of regional strategy theory applicable to services MNEs. |
14.
Yoshitaka Yamazaki 《Management International Review》2010,50(1):81-108
| • | This study investigates expatriate adaptation using a sample of Japanese expatriates in the US. For a comprehensive understanding, home managers in Japan and host managers in the US were also used. |
| • | This study is unique in that it examines expatriate adaptation through an analysis of the change of a fit between 12 learning skills and the skills demands. |
| • | The degree of expatriate adaptation increased in accordance with the length of the current overseas assignment tenure in the host country, along with an increase in job satisfaction. |
15.
Abstract and Key Results
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| • | This study discusses the underlying reasons for the variant nature of the relationship between multinationality and firm performance in the context of service firms. |
| • | To date, this line of research has mostly used evidence from manufacturing firms, despite the ever-increasing contribution of service firms to national and global economies. |
| • | We conduct an exploratory study using case analyses of large European retail banks. We argue that the nature of the multinationality-performance relationship for services is moderated by industry characteristics, market-based factors and firm-specific factors. |
| • | We conclude that the shape of the curve depicting the multinationality-performance relationship of retail banks experiences substantial variations on a single case level. |
| • | Our exploratory study of retail banks shows that the multinationality-performance relationship varies significantly depending on banks’ strategic decisions regarding branch network configurations, product portfolios, branding strategies, organizational architecture (HQ-subsidiary relationship), and social networks. Any generalization of the relationship is difficult and prone to error. |
16.
| • | Analyzing the nature of competitive interaction among multinational firms in the tire industry, we find that the histories of the interactions between particular rivals matter. |
| • | The decision to enter a new foreign market in the era of global consolidation is related to the identities of rivals in the market, characteristics of the firm and the market, and the extent of past competitive interactions with the international pioneering firm. |
| • | Results suggest that, in an oligopolistic environment, aspects of multimarket competition are important to foreign direct investment decisions. |
17.
| – | This paper demonstrates the continued relevance of Penrose’s Theory of the Growth of the Firm (1959) (TGF) to explain MNE expansion patterns. |
| – | Explaining MNE growth requires explicit attention to three elements not addressed fully by Penrose: (1) technology-based firm-specific advantages, (2) dynamic capabilities and (3) melding location-bound and internationally transferable knowledge, especially through astute human resources management. |
| – | TGF includes foundational insights on the dynamic capabilities approach in strategy and contributes to assessing normative models in international strategy. |
| – | Penrose did not appreciate fully the unique knowledge recombination challenges prevailing in international business, especially in the context of the large MNE. This uniqueness of knowledge recombination is the raison d’être of international business as a separate field of inquiry. |
18.
Abstract and Key Results
相似文献
| • | This paper introduces innovation, competition and regulatory change as dominant themes in international business. |
| • | These themes represent focussed trajectories for future research despite diversity in their causes, processes and consequences and the interactions between them which reflect the increasingly complex environment in which managers operate. |
| • | This diversity and the significant interactions between the three areas pose a challenge to scholars, with current research both shedding light on particular aspects and on the interactions between the elements in applied settings as demonstrated by the contributions to this focused issue. |
19.
| • | This paper explores the organizational adjustment in host regions when MNCs switch from their original strategy to a regional strategy. |
| • | MNCs set up sub-regional headquarters (e.g., Greater China sub-regional headquarters) under a regional headquarters (e.g., Asia regional headquarters). A sub-regional headquarters replaces a regional headquarters directly managing subsidiaries within the sub-region. |
| • | The emergence of sub-regional headquarters is in response to the need for a balance between global integration and local responsiveness. An increasing number of decisions are made by sub-regional headquarters, instead of by subsidiaries, a parent, or regional headquarters. |
| • | Industry characteristics and firm’s specific advantages (FSAs) affect the delegation of authority from a parent to regional and sub-regional headquarters. |
20.
Dimitris Manolopoulos Pavlos Dimitratos Stephen Young Spyros Lioukas 《Management International Review》2009,49(1):43-60
| • | The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of two categories of sources of technology on subsidiary performance. These technology sources can be associated either with the internal Multinational Enterprise (MNE) system; or, the local environment in which the subsidiary is based. |
| • | A questionnaire-based survey was carried out on 88 subsidiaries located in Greece and results were derived through the use of ordered probit analysis. |
| • | Internal MNE technology sourcing has a positive impact on subsidiary performance, which is stronger than that of local (Greek) technology sourcing. Contrary to our expectations, technology sourcing linked to the local context primarily has a negative influence on subsidiary performance. |