t—BAMBP联合萃取铷铯

研究了用t-BAMBP作萃取剂、二乙苯作稀释剂从锂云母-石灰石烧结法提锂母液中联合萃取铷、铯工艺中各种因素的影响。     

从锂云母浸出液中分离铷铯试验研究

采用溶剂萃取法对某锂云母浸出液中的铷、铯进行分离试验。考察萃取剂浓度、料液碱度和萃取相比对铷、铯萃取分离效果的影响。萃取分离铯、铷的较优条件为:萃取剂t-BAMBP浓度0.7mol/L、环己烷+磺化煤油为稀释剂、相比O/A=1、料液碱度0.3mol/L、萃取时间10min,铷萃取率为90.0%,铯萃取率为32.0%。负载有机相洗涤条件为:洗涤液氯化钠浓度0.1mol/L、相比O/A=1、洗涤时间10min,铷洗脱率为80.0%,铯洗损率为9.36%,分离效果较好。     

合成副产物对t-BAMBP萃取铷铯的影响

选取t-BAMBP合成粗产品中4种副产物:苯乙烯二聚物、2,4-二叔丁基苯酚、2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚、2-苄基苯酚,研究了4种副产物对于t-BAMBP萃取锂云母提锂母液中铷、铯的影响。研究结果表明,添加不同含量的苯乙烯二聚体(0%~50%),t-BAMBP萃取分配比和铷铯分离系数出现轻微的变化,可认为苯乙烯二聚体对t-BAMBP萃取容量和铷铯分离效率基本无影响;但有机相密度、粘度、分相时间均随苯乙烯二聚体含量增加而上升,不利于萃取。等摩尔法结果表明,3种取代苯酚类副产物与t-BAMBP均无协同萃取效应;单一2,4-二叔丁基苯酚和2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚的二甲苯溶液对铷铯基本没有萃取能力;2-苄基苯酚是一种有效的铷铯萃取剂,但萃取能力和铷铯选择性均低于tBAMBP。进一步考察2-苄基苯酚萃取化学,斜率法研究表明萃铯分配比与酚摩尔浓度呈指数三次方相关;红外光谱检测显示,2-苄基苯酚固体以氢键连接的多聚体存在,在实验浓度范围内(0.1~1.0 mol·L-1),其二甲苯溶液中不存在单体,均以二聚体形式存在;由此提出了2-苄基苯酚萃取铯的萃合物结构为[Cs(ROH)5]OR。     

t—BAMBP萃娶铷,铯的相关因素研究

研究了ｔ－ＢＡＭＢＰ对铷、铯的萃取、了稀释剂效应，对影响铷、铯萃取的相关因素－碱度、浓度、相比等进行了讨论，为萃取铷、铯提供了较合理的工艺条件。     

t－BAMBP萃取铷、铯的相关因素研究

研究了ｔ－ＢＡＭＢＰ对铷、铯的萃取，考察了稀释剂效应，对影响铷、铯萃取的相关因素─—碱度、浓度、相比等进行了讨论，为萃取铷、铯提供了较合理的工艺条件。     

含铷多金属矿石浸出液中铷、钾的萃取分离

研究了采用t-BAMBP+磺化煤油萃取体系,从含铷钾矿石浸出液中萃取分离铷和钾,考察了萃取剂浓度、萃取相比(V_o/V_a)、溶液碱度、萃取时间对铷、钾萃取率的影响。结果表明:在t-BAMBP浓度1.2 mol/L、V_o/V_a=3/2、溶液中[OH~-]为0.9～1.0 mol/L、萃取时间3 min条件下,经过4级逆流萃取,铷萃取率达99.52%,钾萃取率为29.90%,铷、钾分离效果较好。     

萃取法从高盐废液中分离铷铯并制备氯化铯产品

采用t-BAMBP－磺化煤油系配置的有机相对含铷、铯的高盐废液进行除钾试验,然后进行萃取分离试验,分别探索了硫酸铝用量与pH对除钾的影响,萃取过程中料液pH、萃取剂浓度、萃取时间、萃取相比、萃取级数对铷、铯萃取率,以及洗涤过程中洗涤相比、洗涤级数对铷铯洗脱率的影响。研究表明,料液pH=12.5、萃取相比O/A=1、选用1 mol/L萃取剂在室温下萃取5 min,铯萃取率可达99.95%。对高盐废液进行11级萃取(6级萃取、3级洗涤、2级反萃)连续试验,有机相中铯萃取率达99%以上,65%的铷留在水相中,可以较好地将铷与铯分离。最终制备出纯度98.3%的氯化铯产品。     

低浓度铷的萃取分离试验研究

针对低品位含铷矿石的低铷高钾、钠浸出液,研究了采用溶剂萃取法分离铷和钾、钠,考察了萃取剂浓度、料液碱度、相比等对萃取分离效果的影响,并进行了串级模拟试验。有机相为1.0 mol/L t-BAMBP+二甲苯,料液碱度N_k为0.8～1.0,洗涤剂为纯水,反萃取剂为1 mol/L盐酸。结果表明:在萃取相比(V_O/V_A)为3/1、洗涤相比(V_O/V_A)为5/1、反萃取相比(V_O/V_A)为10/1,萃取、洗涤和反萃取时间均为2 min,3级萃取、7级洗涤、2级反萃取条件下,铷与钾、钠得到较好分离,反萃取液中[Rb~+]/[K~+]和[Rb~+]/[Na~+]为476,铷回收率达87%。     

高盐废液铷钾萃取分离及氯化铷制备工艺研究

为了回收江西某高盐废液中的铷钾,以t-BAMBP为萃取剂、磺化煤油为稀释剂来分离铷钾。考察了料液pH、萃取剂浓度、萃取相比、萃取时间、萃取级数对铷钾萃取率的影响及洗涤相比、洗涤级数对铷钾洗脱率的影响。结果表明,在料液pH值13.5、萃取剂浓度0.8 mol/L、O/A相比5∶1、萃取时间5 min的条件下进行10级萃取,铷萃取率达到98.42%,最终经蒸发结晶获得纯度在99%以上的氯化铷产品。     

萃取剂浓度和稀释剂对萃取铷,铯的影响

研究了萃取剂浓度及稀释剂对萃取铷、铯的影响,确定了较佳相比,由等温线用图解法求出理论级数以及斜率法求得萃合物组成。     

Liquid–liquid extraction of yttrium using primene-JMT from acidic sulfate solutions

The liquid–liquid extraction of yttrium(III) from sulfate medium using primene-JMT is investigated with regard to extractant concentration, diluent type, equilibrium pH and time, temperature, and extraction isotherm. Aliphatic kerosene diluents were preferred compared to aromatic diluents because of higher extraction, shorter equilibrium time and good phase separation. Increasing temperature had a negative effect on yttrium(III) extraction. Quantitative yttrium(III) extraction efficiency was achieved at room temperature within 5 min using three stages of extraction with 0.4 M primene-JMT from a synthetic yttrium solution at pH 1.5 (0.2 M H₂SO₄) at a phase ratio of 1:1. A mechanism for extraction is suggested. The proposed separation of yttrium(III) from rare earth concentrate obtained from alkaline leaching of Egyptian monazite is outlined.     

The influence of the diluent on the extraction of iron(III) from aluminium sulphate solutions by the amine primene 81R sulphate

The extraction of iron(III) from aluminium sulphate solutions by the amine Primene 81R sulphate has been studied using 15 diluents of different types. The results are discussed in terms of the composition of the diluent and aggregation of the amine sulphate in solution, the dielectric constant and polar nature of the diluent, and interfacial tensions between aqueous media and amine sulphate solutions in the diluents. The best extraction results were obtained with diluents such as toluene and benzene.     

从碱浸出液中萃取钨稀释剂的筛选及对萃取性能的影响

测定了从我国某炼油厂选用的几种不同组分的石油馏分及国内常用的煤油用于季胺盐萃取钨作稀释剂的一些物理性能(包括密度、粘度、闪点) ,并与国外胺类萃取剂常用的稀释剂SC-150进行了比较 ;考察了各稀释剂用于碳酸型季胺盐萃取钨时 ,对萃取剂萃取性能的影响。结果表明 :所选三种石油馏分与煤油和SC -150物理性能相似 ,用作季胺盐萃取钨时动力速度较快 ,1min内达到萃取平衡 ;用于萃取钨时 ,石油馏分作稀释剂比煤油作稀释剂的分相性能更好 ,其中有两种分相时间小于4min,可供工业生产选用 ;稀释剂对萃取饱和容量和钨与杂质的分离系数影响不大。     

Extraction Mechanism of La^3 ＋ from Hydrochloric Acid Solution Using Cyanex 302

The solvent extraction of La3 from hydrochloric acid solutions was investigated using bis (2, 4, 4-trimethylpentyl) monothiophosphinic acid (Cyanex 302, HL) as an extractant. The effect of .equilibrium of aqueous acidity on extraction of La^3 using Cyanex 302 in different diluents was discussed. The effects of extractant concentration and chloride ion on the extraction reaction were also studied. Stoichiometry of the extraction reactions and the nature of metal complexes formed were determined using slope analysis technique and IR measurement.     

Effect of diluents on the extraction of praseodymium and samarium by Cyanex 923 from acidic nitrate medium

The solvent extraction of Pr(Ⅲ) and Sm(Ⅲ) with trialkyl phosphine oxide(Cyanex 923) in chloroform,carbon tetrachloride,n-octane,cyclohexane,1,2-dichloroethane,benzene,toluene,xylene and nitrobenzene from acidic nitrate medium was investigated.On the basis of slope analysis data,the composition of the extracted species was determined as(M(NO3)3?2CY923),CY923 refers to Cyanex 923.The values of the equilibrium constants and the separation factors were calculated.The effect of the diluents on the metal extracti...     

Extraction of tungsten(VI) from hydrochloric and nitric acid solutions by tri-isooctylamine in various organic diluents

The dependence of the distribution ratio of tungsten(VI) upon aqueous acid concentration in hydrochloric and nitric acid media using hydrochloride and nitrate salts of triisooctylamine (TIOA or R,N) in various organic diluents including benzene, chloroform and 1,2-dichloroethane has been studied. The influence of the aqueous tungsten concentration upon the extraction was also determined. The degree of extraction varies with hydrogen ion concentration. No definite formula can be ascribed to the organic species formed. An overall equation for the mechanism of extraction is tentatively proposed.A new colorimetric technique for the determination of small amounts of tungsten(VI) is reported.     

N902雾化萃取盐酸介质中铜的机制研究

用N902萃取剂采用雾化萃取方式对盐酸介质中铜的萃取进行了研究。实验结果表明：在相同条件下，喷雾萃取效果明显优于振荡法；通过不同喷雾萃取方式的比较发现，在有机相搅拌的同时水相铜以喷雾的方式喷下与有机相接触的萃取效果最好，并用喷雾理论和表面更新理论对其结果进行了机制分析。     

N1923-TBP混合体系从多硫化物含金溶液中萃取金的研究

考察了不同性质的萃取剂对N1923/正辛烷从多硫化物含金溶液中萃取Au(I)的影响,并对具有协萃效果的N1923-TBP混合体系进行了深入研究。研究结果表明对N1923-TBP混合体系,水相初始Au(I)浓度对萃取的影响不大;稀释剂的改变对萃取稍有影响,用芳烃稀释剂可使萃取曲线向高碱度方向移动。在低碱度(pH<9)多硫化物含金溶液中用N1923-TBP混合体系萃取时,N1923为主萃取剂,TBP起协萃作用;而从高碱度(pH>9)多硫化物含金溶液中萃取时,TBP为主萃取剂,而N1923则起协萃作用。