先进复合材料的研究现状与应用

本文综述了国外高性能树脂基复合材料、金属基复合材料、陶瓷基复合材料和碳基复合材料等先进复合材料的研究与开发现状；对国内外在先进复合材料研究领域中的技术发展作了比较，并重点评述了先进复合材料在能源技术、信息技术、生物工程、汽车工业、航空航天工业、桥梁、建筑、医疗器械等方面的应用前景。     

天然纤维及其聚合物基复合材料阻燃改性研究进展

因具有较高的强度和模量、生态环保、价格低廉等特点,天然纤维及其增强复合材料在民用及汽车工业中的高附加值应用越来越多。然而易燃性一直是天然纤维及其增强聚合物基复合材料应用过程中不可避免的诟病,因此相应产品的阻燃研究受到人们越来越多的关注。本文综述了天然纤维及其聚合物复合材料阻燃改性的研究现状,并对其发展和应用前景进行了展望。     

天然纤维混杂增强聚合物基复合材料的研究进展

天然纤维混杂增强聚合物基复合材料因其密度低、能耗少、阻尼性能和抗噪声性能优异而在汽车轻量化、能源化工装备及家电轻薄化等领域应用较广。结合影响天然纤维混杂增强聚合物基复合材料力学性能的影响因素,对其研究进展进行了综述,并对其发展前景进行了展望。     

现代汽车与复合材料

综述了高分子基复合材料的分类、各种基体和增强材料以及高分子基复合材料在汽车工业上广泛应用的情况;详细介绍了金属基复合材料、陶瓷基复合材料以及几种研发中的新型复合材料在现代汽车中研发应用的状况和前景。     

国外复合材料行业进展与应用(上)

正1聚合物基复合材料在汽车工业中的应用进展世界汽车工业发展的趋势表明:安全、节能、环保型的汽车己成为21世纪汽车发展的主流,而汽车轻量化则是最佳的途径。由于聚合物基复合材料具有质量轻、强度高、耐腐蚀,与钢材和铝材相比,成型更方便、设计自由度更大、综合经济效益更明显等突出优点,正日益成为汽车轻量化的首选材料而受到     

聚合物基氧化石墨烯纳米复合材料研究进展

氧化石墨烯作为石墨烯的重要衍生物,原料来源广泛,制备过程简单,成本低廉,具有优异力学性能、耐磨性能以及吸附性能等,其还原产物具有优良的导电性能和导热性能等,是聚合物基纳米复合材料的理想填料。近年来,随着复合材料制备方法的不断革新,聚合物基氧化石墨烯纳米复合材料得到了快速发展,并在储能、阻燃等领域实现了规模化应用,有助于引领聚合物基氧化石墨烯纳米复合材料相关产品的进一步开发和应用。本文系统介绍了氧化石墨烯的改性方法,综述了聚合物基氧化石墨烯纳米复合材料的研究进展,展望了聚合物基氧化石墨烯纳米复合材料的发展前景。     

纳米导电聚合物复合材料的制备及应用

纳米导电聚合物是一种新型功能高分子材料,近年来,其复合材料的研究和应用越来越受到重视。本文综述了纳米导电聚合物复合材料的制备方法及在能源、电磁屏蔽、电致发光等领域应用研究的最新进展,并对其今后的发展趋势进行了展望。     

微胶囊自修复技术及其在聚合物基复合材料中的应用

论述了微胶囊自修复技术以及自修复机理,重点阐述了微胶囊自修复技术在聚合物基复合材料中应用的最新研究成果.通过分析聚合物基自修复复合材料对微胶囊结构和性能的要求,指出了今后的发展方向和应用前景.     

单聚合物复合材料研究进展

综述了单聚合物复合材料的种类、制备方法及其研究现状,着重分析了各种制备方法的优缺点,最后就单聚合物复合材料的前景进行了展望。指出聚砜酰胺基单聚合物复合材料玻璃化转变温度高于300℃,热分解温度超过420℃,热稳定性和阻燃性能均优异,有望成为新一代航空材料;借助静电纺丝技术使材料纳米或微米化,其制备的单聚复合材料力学性能有大幅提高;单聚合物复合材料在航空航天、汽车工业等领域的应用是今后的研究重点;单聚合物复合材料在生物领域有很大的应用前景。     

炭纤维复合材料在汽车工业的应用

介绍炭纤维复合材料在汽车工业应用的现状与前景,包括复合材料在汽车工业应用现状、供汽车应用的低成本炭纤维生产技术研制计划、扩大炭纤维复合材料在汽车工业应用要注意的问题等。     

Novel application of ceramic precursors for the fabrication of composites

Preceramic polymers are enabling the development of a variety of advanced shaping methods which, in turn, make possible new and cost-effective approaches for the fabrication of composite materials. This opens new perspectives for the mass production of composites which might, for example, be used in cost-sensitive areas of application in the machine and automobile industries. In two examples it will be shown how preceramic polymers can be used to obtain both metal matrix composites (MMC) and ceramic matrix composites (CMC). Their properties will be discussed in particular with respect to the usage of a preceramic polymer.The first example shows an approach to manufacturing short-fibre-reinforced CMCs by means of a plastic forming technique which involves mixing of either carbon or SiC fibres, ceramic fillers and a viscous ceramic precursor. The precursor permits a fibre-reinforced ceramic with a low porosity to be obtained. The role of the precursor in the whole process and the resulting material properties will be discussed.The second example shows a method for fabricating porous SiC ceramic preforms which are subsequently infiltrated with aluminium to form a MMC. By using the precursor route, a machinable preform with tailored porosity can be produced. Correlations between precursor, preform and MMC properties will be drawn.     

Glasses and sitalls reinforced with polycrystalline fibers

A new trend in modern materials technology was examined: the technology of composite materials based on glasses and sitalls reinforced with different types of ceramic fibers. The basic advantages of these composite materials, the properties of the starting materials (glasses, sitalls, reinforcing fibers), and the properties of the composites based on them were reported. Examples of concrete composite systems and promising areas of their application were cited.     

Thermal conductivity of polymer-based composites: Fundamentals and applications

Thermal management is critical to the performance, lifetime, and reliability of electronic devices. With the miniaturization, integration and functionalization of electronics and the emergence of new applications such as light emitting diodes, thermal dissipation becomes a challenging problem. Addressing this challenge requires the development of novel polymer-based composite materials with enhanced thermal conductivity. In this review, the fundamental design principles of highly thermally conductive composites were discussed. The key factors influencing the thermal conductivity of polymers, such as chain structure, crystallinity, crystal form, orientation of polymer chains, and orientation of ordered domains in both thermoplastics and thermosets were addressed. The properties of thermally conductive fillers (carbon nanotubes, metal particles, and ceramic particles such as boron nitride or aluminum oxide) are summarized at length. The dependence of thermal conductivity of composites on the filler loading, filler aggregate morphology and overall composite structure is also discussed. Special attention is paid to recent advances in controlling the microstructure of polymer composites to achieve high thermal conductivity (novel approaches to control filler orientation, special design of filler agglomerates, formation of continuous filler network by self-assembly process, double percolation approach, etc.). The review also summarizes some emerging applications of thermally conductive polymer composites. Finally, we outline the challenges and outlook for thermally conductive polymer composites.     

玻璃纤维增强复合材料工程化应用进展

介绍了玻璃纤维增强树脂基复合材料的特点及成型方法,并介绍了玻璃纤维增强复合材料用于风电叶片、风电联轴器、复合材料板弹簧、聚氨酯轨枕以及多功能履带板的工程化应用研究实例。展望了玻璃纤维增强复合材料在轨道交通、汽车工业等领域的工程化应用前景及发展方向。     

导热绝缘聚合物复合材料研究

介绍了导热绝缘聚合物复合材料,包括复合型塑料、橡胶、胶粘剂和涂层的研究进展及其导热机理、导热模型的研究情况。讨论了影响导热绝缘聚合物复合材料导热性能的因素、提高导热系数的措施及该种复合材料的制备方法,最后阐述了导热绝缘聚合物复合材料的应用及发展方向。     

车用玻璃钢复合材料的应用技术拓展新天地

汽车工业是我国国民经济的支柱产业,近些年来得到了迅猛的发展。汽车工业的快速发展导致了汽车保有量的急剧增加,同时也给社会带来了能源匮乏、环境污染、安全三大问题。汽车节能、环保、安全既是国际汽车技术的发展方向,也是我国汽车产业政策的要求,玻璃钢复合材料是汽车工业发展的理想材料。本文介绍了车用玻璃钢复合材料的开发应用前景、国内外玻璃钢复合材料在汽车上的应用状况和我国汽车工业发展对玻璃钢复合材料的需求;同时指出了玻璃钢复合材料在我国汽车工业中的发展趋势。     

碳纳米管填充聚合物基电磁屏蔽复合材料的研究进展

对碳纳米管填充聚合物基电磁屏蔽复合材料的研究进展进行了综述。在阐述研究电磁屏蔽材料必要性的基础上,介绍了复合材料的电磁屏蔽机理,重点论述了碳纳米管填充量、长径比及管径、屏蔽体的厚度、复合材料的加工方式等对复合材料电磁屏蔽性能的影响。最后对碳纳米管填充聚合物基复合电磁屏蔽材料的研究进行了展望,指出低成本填料与碳纳米管协同作用、可提高碳纳米管分散性的制备工艺的研究以及复合材料电磁屏蔽机理的研究等为未来的研究方向。     

Improvement in mechanical and thermal properties of unsaturated polyester- based hybrid composites

Polymer matrix composites are used in automobile, structure and aerospace industries due to their light weight and high strength. The present research has an aim to reinforce locally developed silica nanoparticles and glass fibers in unsaturated polyester to produce polymer-based hybrid composites. Composites were synthesized by hand lay-up method with 1, 2, 3 and 4 wt% of silica sand nanoparticles and glass fiber. Mechanical tests like tensile, impact and micro-hardness were performed on the obtained polymer hybrid composites. The results of mechanical properties of the hybrid polymer matrix composites revealed an increasing trend. The SEM analysis was performed on the developed and fractured tensile testing samples. The SEM analysis showed the presence of silica nanoparticles in the samples and pulling action of fibers were seen under fractured tensile tests. The pulling actions of fibers from polymer matrix delayed the fractured mechanism and enhanced the mechanical properties. Silica nanoparticles filled the cavities generated during tensile test and extensive enhancement was revealed in tensile as well as impact energy. Toughness of the hybrid composite was also enhanced as a result. The thermal properties of the hybrid polymer composites were analyzed using thermogravimetric analysis. Thermal stability of the composite has been marginally increased with increasing wt% of reinforcement.     

Raw and chemically treated bio-waste filled (Limonia acidissima shell powder) vinyl ester composites: Physical,mechanical, moisture absorption properties,and microstructure analysis

The rapid growth of environmentally sustainable and eco-friendly materials tends to the utilization of biowastes as filler in polymer matrix composites. The particulate composite with improved wettability of fillers and advanced approach can evolve polymer composites that exhibit promising applications in packaging, automobile, marine, construction, and aerospace. In the present work, one of the biowaste fillers were synthesized from Limonia acidissima shells via a top-down approach (pulverizing) and the surfaces were chemically modified using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) before they were used as fillers in vinyl ester polymer composites by different weight percentage (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 wt%). The prepared particulate composites were characterized by mechanical properties, moisture absorption behavior, and morphology. At different filler loading the tensile strength, tensile modulus, flexural strength, flexural modulus, impact strength, hardness, density, and moisture intake tests were performed. The results reveal that the properties increased for composites filled with alkaline treated fillers for the same filler loading and found to be higher at filler loading of 15 wt%. The morphological analysis confirms the better interfacial bonding between alkali-treated particles and matrix due to the removal of non-cellulose materials from the surface of the particles.     

Electrically conducting polymers and composites for applications in space exploration

Pushing the boundaries of space exploration and settlement requires innovative materials that are multi-functional, reusable, and tolerant of the extreme hazards in space environments. Polymers represent an interesting class of materials for these applications due to their range of properties, low density, and ease of manufacturing. Electrically conductive materials based on polymers and other organic materials can be beneficial for safety purposes or for integrating advanced functions, such as dust mitigation and non-destructive evaluation. Given the unique demands of the space industry, emerging materials developed for space may not appear in conventional forums. Conversely, many investigators focus on polymers and composites for other applications and may not realize the suitability of their material for space. This review provides an informational bridge between experts from conventional polymer fields and more space-focused research groups. First, a brief history of polymer material integration from Apollo to Artemis is used as a context for their increasing importance to space exploration. Next, a polymer and composite materials-focused summary of space hazards is discussed for different space environments. Finally, different space applications suitable for electrically conductive polymers and composites are discussed in the context of enabling space exploration and developing new terrestrial technology.