玻璃纤维增强PA6的偶联剂种类优选

采用同一处理条件,分别应用KH550、KH560、KH570、KH792、DL602五种不同种类的偶联剂对玻璃纤维进行处理,与PA6共混制备了玻璃纤维增强尼龙6复合材料(PA6/GF)。考察了偶联剂种类对复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明,硅烷偶联剂可以附着在玻璃纤维表面,偶联剂处理液种类对处理效果有影响。不同型号的硅烷偶联剂处理后的玻璃纤维制备的复合材料的性能不同,在考察的五种偶联剂中,经过KH550处理的复合材料弹性模量和断裂强度最大。硅烷处理液种类对复合材料的冲击强度影响不大。     

玻璃纤维改性尼龙6性能的研究

采用硅烷偶联剂KH550处理玻璃纤维,通过熔融共混法制备了尼龙6(PA6)/玻璃纤维(GF)复合材料,对复合材料表面处理前后的力学性能、熔体流动速率(MFR)和断面形貌进行了表征。结果表明:随着GF含量的增加,PA6/GF复合材料拉伸强度和缺口冲击强度均先增大后减小;添加同样含量的GF时,采用偶联剂处理后PA6/GF的拉伸强度和缺口冲击强度增大,MFR减小,扫描电镜观察结果表明,偶联剂KH550有效地改善了GF与PA6间的界面结合。     

硅烷偶联剂对ZnO/PA6复合材料力学性能的影响

以硅烷偶联剂KH550和KH560为改性剂对ZnO粉体进行表面改性,KH550带有氨基团,KH560带有环氧基团,通过HAAKE双螺杆混合机制备ZnO/PA6复合材料。红外光谱证实改性后两种偶联剂均与ZnO表面发生了化学键和;结果表明经偶联剂改性的氧化锌比未改性的氧化锌能更好的提高PA6的拉伸强度,而且在ZnO的添加量为2%～3%时对PA6力学性能的改善达到一个最佳效果。     

废胶粉、滑石粉改性PA66/GF复合材料的制备与性能

采用硅烷偶联剂KH560表面改性废胶粉(WRP)、环氧树脂E44改性滑石粉(Talc),以尼龙(PA)66/玻璃纤维(GF)复合材料为基体,制备了WRP,Talc及两者协同改性的PA66/GF复合材料,研究了WRP,Talc及两者协同作用对复合材料力学性能、结晶性能和热稳定性能的影响。结果表明,当3份WRP经过1份KH560处理后,其与PA66/GF基体间的界面粘结性明显得到改善,其改性的复合材料弯曲强度和冲击强度最高,分别比PA66/GF基体提高了11.09%和2.05%。当1份Talc经过3份E44处理后,其在基体中具有良好的分散性,改性的复合材料弯曲强度和冲击强度达到最大,分别比基体材料提高了13.89%和8.42%。WRP与Talc均能促进复合材料的结晶,但两者协同作用对复合材料结晶性能没有明显的影响。采用1份KH560处理的3份WRP协同3份E44处理的1份Talc对复合材料进行改性,可使弯曲强度和冲击强度相比基体分别提高16.97%和6.25%,且使复合材料具有良好的热稳定性能,达到了低成本WRP和Talc改性制备高性能橡塑复合材料的目的。     

低磨耗高性能玻璃纤维增强PA66复合材料的制备及性能研究

采用直径为11μm的玻璃纤维(GF)ERS200-11-T635B增强改性聚酰胺66(PA66),GF质量分数为25%,将二硫化钼HY-WR10和有机氟化合物HY-OF05进行复配,构建高效耐磨体系,使用偶联剂KH550和KH560进行表面处理后,通过熔融共混法制备低磨耗高性能GF增强PA66复合材料。对复合材料的力学性能、热变形温度、摩擦因数和磨损质量进行测试,对比分析GF直径、耐磨助剂的粒径和添加量、偶联剂的添加量对复合材料的强度、耐磨性和耐热性的影响。结果表明:当GF的直径为11μm,HY-WR10和HY-OF05按照1∶1质量比复配,质量分数为3%,KH550和KH560按照1∶1质量比复配,质量分数为0.5%时,复合材料具有较高的力学强度,摩擦因数为0.284,磨损质量为3.5 mg,热变形温度达到238℃,综合性能最佳。     

玻璃纤维对聚乳酸力学性能的影响

采用熔融复合和模压成型工艺,分别制备玻璃纤维(GF)增强聚乳酸(PLA)复合材料及其经KH550表面改性的复合材料。通过扫描电镜观察和力学性能测试,系统研究玻璃纤维和KH550的用量对玻璃纤维改性聚乳酸复合材料的微观形貌、冲击、弯曲和拉伸强度的影响。结果表明含KH550的复合材料中玻璃纤维表面被聚乳酸基质包覆。当聚乳酸与玻璃纤维质量比为7∶3时,复合材料的冲击、弯曲和拉伸强度达到最大,分别为17.33 kJ/m2、96.23 kPa和75.24 kPa。与纯PLA的相比,分别增加8.31%、20.2%和25.4%。当复合体系中添加一定量(1.2%)KH550,体系的这些性能有所改善,分别达到18.52 kJ/m2、110.34 kPa和77.59 kPa。     

偶联剂对竹材表面润湿性及胶合强度的影响

利用3种硅烷偶联剂KH550、KH560及KH602和1种偶联剂HMR处理竹材表面,考查了偶联剂对竹材表面性能及粘接性能的影响。结果显示,偶联剂HMR、KH560及KH602可以提高竹片的表面自由能,改善竹片的表面润湿性能;而KH550处理竹片后降低了竹片的表面自由能,竹片的表面润湿性变差。但是4种偶联剂均能提高竹片的胶合强度。综合价格与性能因素,偶联剂HMR的使用效果最好。     

表面处理对铝合金粘接修理性能的影响

GFRP粘接修复损伤铝板,粘接前对损伤铝合金表面采用不同浓度的硅烷偶联剂KH550、KH560进行处理,以未经偶联剂处理的铝板为对照组,通过拉伸试验与湿热试验研究偶联剂处理对修复效果的影响。试验结果表明:两种偶联剂KH550、KH560处理铝合金效果相当,铝板表面经1%~2%浓度的偶联剂溶液处理不仅有较高的初始强度,而且耐湿热性能也得到提高;湿热处理使不同表面处理的修理试样力学性能发生明显下降,同时,湿热环境对铝板-胶层之间粘接界面的渗透破坏要强于其对胶层-GFRP之间的界面破坏,铝板-胶层界面粘接强度的下降是引起试样性能下降的主要原因。     

偶联剂对玻纤增强PP复合材料力学性能的影响

选取5种不同型号的偶联剂,采用湿法改性对玻纤表面进行处理,制备聚丙烯/玻纤(PP/GF)复合材料。通过PP/GF的界面行为表征,分析了不同偶联剂对PP/GF复合材料的影响规律。结果表明:GF经偶联剂改性的PP/GF复合材料与未改性的相比,材料力学性能得到大幅度提高。其中以偶联剂KH560改性效果最理想,拉伸强度达到59.14 MPa,压缩强度为70.69 MPa,冲击强度为10.14 kJ/m2。     

偶联剂处理玻纤改性热塑性聚酰亚胺

分别选用KH550、KH560、KH570三种有机硅烷偶联剂处理无碱玻纤粉（GF）,采用热模压成型技术制备玻纤增强聚酰亚胺复合材料,对复合材料的力学性能进行了分析和研究。结果表明：以KH550处理30％玻纤得到的复合材料力学性能最好,当其用量为GF质量的0．5％时,拉伸强度提高了35％,弹性模量提高了21．8％,弯曲强度提高了42．1％,冲击强度提高了52．5％。SEM显示KH550处理GF与聚酰亚胺基体之间形成了良好的界面,界面层起到很好的应力传递作用,达到良好的增强、增韧效果。     

氢气纯度分析方法准确性的探讨

ONACCURACYOFANALYSISOFOFHYDROGEN1前言我公司目前应用的氢气纯度分析方法有两种,一种是爆炸反应法,另一种是焦性没食子酸吸收法。几年来,人们对两种分析方法的准确性曾有过褒贬不一的评论。这里我们也谈谈自己粗浅的观点。2爆炸法测定氢气纯度一定量的氢气样品与适量的空气之均匀混合物因反应后生成液体水而引起气体体积减少,减少的体积等于参加反应气体体积之和。其中l／3为氧气,2／3为氢气。根据氢气取样量和反应前后混气体体积之差,以及氢气在反应中的体积比例关系,可计算出样品的氢气纯度。计算公式式中：A一混…     

COMPARISON OF METHODS OF ANALYSIS OF GYPSUM1

The different analytical methods proposed for the evaluation of gypsum have been subjected to an experimental test. A combination method, consisting of a fusion with KHCO₃ and determination of CaO by KMnO₄ titration, the SO₃ by Andrews method of titration of BaCrO₄ has been found to give very reliable results with the least consumption of time.     

SEDIMENTATION OF BINARY MIXTURES OF PARTICLES OF UNEQUAL DENSITIES AND OF DIFFERENT SIZES

A model is developed for the sedimentation from a suspension of two particle species of unequal densities and of different sizes. The composition and the thickness of various layers in the sediments are predicted using graphical and analytical methods. The model predictions were in excellent agreement with experimental results, when the particle size ratio was ≥ 108. When size ratio of the particles was 2.60 and 4.31 the agreement occurred in about 50 percent of the cases.     

HEASUREHENT OF INSTANTANEOUS RATES OF LOSS OF VOIATILE COMPOUNDS DURING DRYING OF DROPS

A novel technique serves to monitor instantaneous rates of loss of a volatile solute from a suspended drop during drying. A highly sensitive electron capture detector is used to monitor concentrations of SF6 released into a flowing gas stream from a suspended, drying drop. Simultaneously, the appearance and morphological development of the drop are monitored with a video camera. This provides the wherewithal of relating instantaneous rates of loss of the volatile solute to particular events during the development of particle morphology.

Initial experiments have been carried out with drops of aqueous solutions of glucose, sucrose, maltodextrin and coffee extract. The results clearly display the onset of the volatiles-retentive selective diffusion phenomenon. There is also substantial loss of the volatile component later in the drying process, when the drops undergo repeated ex ansion, bursting and cratering due to the formation of internaf bubbles. These experiments appear to be the first quantitative demonstration of major losses accompanying changes in drop morphology.     

茶多酚提取方法进展

本文综述了国内外现有茶多酚提取方法的现状以及近期的研究进展，并对其优缺点进行了评价。这将有助于中低档茶的综合利用和茶多酚的进一步开发应用。     

ANALYSIS OF RECENT MEASUREMENTS OF THE VISCOSITY OF GLASSES

Viscosity of Simple Soda-Silicate 500° to 1400°C Comparison of the results given by English with those of Washburn, Shelton and Libman, indicates a discrepancy in the absolute values of log₁₀ viscosity amounting to 0.6, those of Washburn et al., being relatively too high. If correction for this is made, the isothermal curves of log₁₀ viscosity as a function of soda content are smooth up to 50% Na₂O, showing no inflection. The observations as a function of temperature T are all represented within accidental error by an equation of the type where all three constants vary regularly with the composition. Change of Viscosity of Glass (6SiO₂, 2Na₂O) due to Molecular Substitution of CaO, MgO and Al₂O₃ for Na₂O The effect is clearly brought out by plotting (from the results of English) the change of log₁₀η due to the substitution as a function of temperature. The curves each show a sharp bend at a temperature between 840° and 1050°C, which is designated the aggregation temperature T_a. If we divide these curves by the corresponding percentage substituted, we get curves for each oxide which are straight and parallel below the aggregation temperatures, the slopes (increase of change of log₁₀η per 100°C) being −0.056 (CaO), −0.055 (MgO), −0.018 (A1₂O₃) per per cent oxide substituted. For substitution of 1/2 molecule the slopes are −0.325 (CaO), −0.23 (MgO) and −0.18 (Al₂O₃) per 100°. At the aggregation temperature the change of log₁₀η per per cent is a minimum, 0.03 to 0.06 for CaO, 0.12 for MgO, 0.07 for Al₂O₃. Evidence of Aggregation in Glasses, from viscosity Measurements The sharp bends in the plots of change of log₁₀η due to substitution of an oxide for Na₂O, suggest the beginning of molecular aggregation at these temperatures. These aggregation temperatures are close to the devitrification temperatures, but the effect on the viscosity curves cannot be due to actual devitrification since it does not change with time. Taking the aggregation temperatures as equal to devitrification temperatures, additional isotherms are roughly sketched into the equilibrium triangle of the system Na₂O-CaO-SiO₂. Change of Viscosity of Glass (4SiO₂, 2Na₂O) due to of Substitution of B₂O₃ for SiO₂ The change of log₁₀η (from the results of English) is plotted as a function of temperature, and also the change of log₁₀η per per cent B₂O₃. The curves are more complex than for the substitution for Na₂O.     

环氧树脂羟基值测定方法的研究

利用乙酸酐、吡啶和浓硫酸混合的乙酰化试剂测定环氧树脂中羟基值含量的方法具有操作简便、滴定终点明显和分析结果误差小等优点。     

骑式摩托车油箱喷涂工艺的改进

面对日益激烈的市场竞争,摩托车油箱外观质量越来越成为影响销售的因素之一。文章介绍了改进工艺后的油箱涂装,该涂装体系提高了油箱外观的丰满度,降低了油箱涂装的生产成本。     

几种针状焦性能对比

针状焦分石油系和煤系两大类,这主要取决于针状焦的原料来源。在同一系列中由于原料不同和工艺条件不同 ,针状焦的各自性能也不相同。针状焦是生产超高功率石墨电极和高功率石墨电极的主要原料 ,针状焦的性能对石墨电极的质量有至关重要的影响。所以对针状焦性能以及其对石墨电极质量影响的研究十分必要的。以下是常用的几种进口针状焦和国产针状焦的性能对比。１原料性能分析对比原料试样包括４种针状焦 ,其中两种为进口针状焦：三菱针状焦和新日化针状焦;另两种为国产针状焦：鞍山针状焦和锦州针状焦。其中除锦州针状焦是石油系针状焦外…     

聚酰亚胺的合成法

本文评述了缩聚型聚酰亚胺的主要合成方法和近年来国际上在合成中所做的探索。