Optical Spectroscopy of Er^3＋ and Er^3＋/Yb^3＋ Co-doped Bi2O3-GeO2-B2O3-ZnO Glasses

The （60 - x）Bi2O3 - xGeO2-30B2O3-10ZnO （x = 5, 10, 20, 30 molar percent） glasses doped with Er^3＋ and Er^3＋/Yb^3＋ were fabricated using the melting method. The thermal stability of the glasses was studied with their DTA curves. The results show that the difference between the glass transition temperature and the crystallization onset temperature increases with the increase of GeO2 content, indicating that the thermal stability of the glass has become better. The absorption spectra were recorded and the stimulated emission cross sections were calculated using the McCumber theory. The Ω2, O4, and Ω6 parameters,the transition probability, the radiative lifetime, and the fluorescence branch ratio of Er^3＋ for optical transition were calculated from their absorption spectra in terms of reduced matrix U^（t）（λ = 2, 4, 6） character for optical transitions. The infrared emission of Er^3＋ was measured upon excitation with 970 nm light and the full width at half-maximum （FWHM） was estimated from the emission spectra. The pumping efficiency and the intensity of the emission at the 1.54 μm band of Er^3＋ were enhanced considerably by co-doping Yb^3＋ .     

Growth and optical properties of Pr~(3+):La_2CaB_(10)O_(19) crystal

Pr3+ doped La2CaB10O19 crystal were grown by the top-seeded solution growth(TSSG) method.The absorption spectra,emission spectra and lifetime were measured at room temperature.The J-O parameters(Ωt,t=2,4,6),the radiative transition probabilities AJ,J',oscillator strengths PJ,J',radiative lifetime τ,fluorescence branch ratios βJ and the value of integrated emission cross section have also been calculated.Five main absorption bands,3H4 to 3P1+3P2,3P0,1D2,3F3 + 3F4 and 3F2,were observed in the absorption spect...     

Spectroscopic Properties and Judd-Ofelt Theory Analysis of Er^3＋-Doped Heavy Metal Oxyfluoride Silicate Glass

Er^3 -doped heavy metal oxyfluoride silicate glass was fabricated and characterized, and the absorption spectrum and fluorescence spectrum of the glass were studied. The Judd-Ofelt intensity parameters Ωt(t=2, 4, 6), spontaneous transition probability, fluorescence branching ratio and radiative lifetime of each energy levels for Er^3 were calculated by Judd-Ofelt theory, and stimulated emission cross-section of ^4I13/2→^4I15/2 transition was calculated by McCumber theory. The results show that fluorescence full width at half maximum and stimulated emission cross-section of Er^3 -doped heavy metal oxyfluoride silicate glass are broad and large, respectively. Compared with other host glasses, the gain bandwidth property of Er^3 -doped heavy metal oxyfluoride silicate glass is close to those of tellurite and bismuth glasses, and has advantage over those of silicate, phosphate and germante glasses.     

Spectroscopic investigations on Er3+/Yb3+-doped oxyfluoride glass ceramics containing YOF nanocrystals

Spectroscopic properties of Er3+/Yb3+-doped transparent oxyfluoride borosilicate glass ceramics containing YOF nanocrystals were systematically investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the formation of YOF nanocrystals in the glassy matrix. Based on the Judd-Ofelt theory, the intensity parameters Ωi (i=2, 4, 6), spontaneous emission probability, radiative lifetime, radiative quantum efficiency and the effective emission bandwidth were investigated. The upconversion luminescence intensity of Er3+ ions in the glass ceramics increased significantly with the increasing crystallization temperature. The transition mechanisms of the green and red upconversion luminescence were ascribed to a two-photon process, and the blue upconversion luminescence was a three-photon absorption process.     

Influence of In3＋ ions concentration on spectroscopic properties of Ho：LiNbO3 crystals

In:Ho:LiNbO3 crystals doped with various concentrations of In3+(0, 1 mol.%, 3 mol.%, 5 mol.%), fixed concentrations of Ho3+ (1 mol.%) were grown by Czochralski method. The X-ray powder diffraction, infrared and UV-visible absorption spectra were measured and modified. Judd-Ofelt approach was employed to study the effect of In doping on spectroscopic properties of Ho:LiNbO3 crystals. In concentrations in crystals were analyzed by an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OE/MS). For In (3 mol.%):Ho (1 mol.%):LiNbO3 crystal, the obtained intensity parameters were: Ω2=9.6563, Ω4=4.2195, Ω6=14.1526. The results showed that the Ω2 and Ω6 parameters increased with the increase of In3+ concentration. When the In doping concentration was up to 5 mol.%, Ω2 and Ω6 suddenly decreased. In2O3 incorporation had a strong effect on the radiative lifetime, but had less influence on fluorescence branching ratios. The effective distribution coefficient of In3+ in In:Ho:LiNbO3 crystals was less than 1 and increased with increasing concentration of In3+ in the melt.     

A study on fluorescence properties of Eu3+ ions in alkali lead tellurofluoroborate glasses

Glasses with chemical composition of (in mol.%): 26 RF-20 PbO-10 TeO2-43 H3BO3-1 EuO3 (RLTB) were prepared by conventional melt quenching method. The Judd-Ofelt intensity parameters Ω2 and Ω6 were obtained from the absorption intensities of 7F0→5D2 and 7F0→5L6 transitions, respectively. In order to overcome the problem of applicability of Judd-Ofelt analysis at room temperature due to the overlapping of the transitions originating from 7F0 and 7F1 levels of Eu3+ ion, the effect of the thermalization on the population of energy levels was taken into account. The photoluminescence spectra contained five emission bands originating from the 5D0 metastable state to 7FJ (J=0, 1, 2, 3, 4) lower lying states. The decay profiles were found to be single exponential in all the three glasses. The measured lifetimes (τmes) were in good agreement with the calculated lifetimes (τcal) obtained by using the thermally corrected Judd-Ofelt intensity parameters.     

Cooperative energy transfer in Tm3＋and Yb3＋ co-doped phosphate glasses

An efficient near-infrared (NIR) quantum cutting (QC) in Tm3+ and Yb3+ co-doped phosphate glasses was demonstrated, which involved the emission of two NIR photons from an absorbed visible photon via a cooperative energy transfer (CET) from Tm3+ to Yb3+ ions. Judd-Ofelt (J-O) theory was used to calculate the intensity parameters ( 2 , 4 , 6 ), the radiative transition rates (Ar ), and radiative transition lifetime (τ rad ) of Tm3+ . Based on Inokuti-Hirayama’s model, the energy transfer processes were studied and results indicated that the energy transfer of the electric dipole-dipole (Edd) was dominant in this system. Quantum efficiency related to Yb 3+ concentration was calculated, and the maximum QE efficiency reached 169.8%.     

Spectroscopic Properties of Nd^3＋ -Doped High Silica Glass Prepared by Sintering Porous Glass

A new kind of Nd^3＋-doped high silica glass （SiO2 〉 96% （mass fraction）） was obtained by sintering porous glass impregnated with Nd^3 ＋ ions. The absorption and luminescence properties of high silica glass doped with different Nd^3 ＋ concentrations were studied. The intensity parameters Ωt （t = 2, 4, 6）, spontaneous emission probability, fluorescence lifetime, radiative quantum efficiency, fluorescence branching ratio, and stimulated emission cross section were calculated using the Judd-Ofelt theory. The optimal Nd^3＋ concentration in high silica glass was 0.27% （mole fraction） because of its high quantum efficiency and emission intensity. By comparing the spectroscopic parameters with other Nd^3 ＋- doped oxide glasses and commercial silicate glasses, the Nd^3 ＋ -doped high silica glasses are likely to be a promising material used for high power and high repetition rate lasers.     

Strain distribution of mice in discriminated Y-maze avoidance learning: Genetic and procedural differences.

The current study was conducted to characterize discriminated avoidance learning in mice by using a Y-maze task. In Experiment 1, the task parameters were manipulated, including the amount of time spent in the start arm, the amount of time to make the avoidance response, and the intertrial interval (ITI) using C57?×?SJL F1 hybrid mice. Avoidance performance was significantly improved with longer times to avoid the shock and longer ITIs. In Experiment 2, mice from 4 inbred strains (BALB/cByJ, DBA/2J, C57BL/6J, and SJL/J), an F1 hybrid (C57?×?SJL), and 1 outbred strain (CD1) were tested with various ITIs. Strain differences were observed in avoidance learning, with BALB, DBA, C57?×?SJL and CD1 mice showing significantly better avoidance learning than C57 mice, which were better than SJL mice. These data demonstrate that Y-maze performance is significantly influenced by the genetic background of the mouse and the parameters of the task. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Growth and characterization of new laser crystal Nda3＋：ca2.85Gd0.1（VO4）2

The crystal growth, crystal defect, thermal properties and luminescence properties of Nd3+:Ca2.85Gd0.1(VO4)2 were investigated. Nd3+:Ca2.85Gd0.1(VO4)2 crystal grown by Czochraski method was green colored, and was not transparent, which was possibly due to residual impurities in V2O5, or due to the lack of oxygen in the growth process. And the Nd3+:Ca2.85Gd0.1(VO4)2 crystal had the existence of 180° do-mains. However, the annealing method could effectively decrease the crystal defect and greatly improve the quality of crystal. The average thermal expansion coefficients calculated were α⊥c=9.5767×10-6 K-1, α∥c=10.7647×10-6 K-1, respectively. The specific heat of Ca2.85Gd0.1(VO4)2 was 0.401 J/(g·K) at 330 K. The polarized absorption spectra and the polarized fluorescence spectra of Ca2.85Gd0.1(VO4)2 were measured at 330 K. Based on the Judd-Ofelt theory, the intensity parameter Ωλ (λ=2, 4, and 6), the radiation transition probabilities τrad, the stimulated-emission cross section σp in Nd3+:Ca2.85Gd0.1(VO4)2 crystal were calculated.     

Investigation on 1.07 μm laser emission in Nd~（3＋）-doped sodium fluoroborate glasses

Spectroscopic and fluorescence properties of Nd 3+ ions in sodium fluoroborate(SFB) glasses were prepared and characterized through optical absorption,emission and decay measurements.The energy level analysis was carried out using free-ion Hamiltonian model.Experimental oscillator strengths were determined by measuring the area encompassed by the absorption peaks recorded for 1.0 mol.% Nd 3+-doped glasses.The Judd-Ofelt parameters(2,4,6) were used to evaluate the laser characteristic parameters such as radiative transition probability(A R),radiative decay time(τ R),fluorescence branching ratio(β R) and stimulated emission cross-section(σ e) for the 4 F 3/2 metastable state.The fluorescence spectra for different concentrations of Nd 3+ ions were recorded by exciting the samples at 514.5 nm Ar + ion laser.     

硒的酶催化荧光猝灭效应研究及其在土壤分析中的应用

在氨性缓冲介质中,痕量硒能阻抑辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)催化H₂O₂氧化L-酪氨酸(L-Tyr)产生荧光的反应。对该体系的荧光猝灭效应进行了探讨,并应用于土壤中痕量硒的测定。在pH 10.0的 NH₃·H₂O-NH₄Cl缓冲溶液中,控制L-Tyr、H₂O₂和HRP的浓度分别为7.50×10^-5 mol/L、1.00×10^-4 mol/L和5.00×10^-7 mol/L,在室温下反应20 min后,于激发波长为314 nm,发射波长为404 nm处测定体系的荧光强度猝灭值(ΔF)。结果表明,硒在质量浓度为0.1～10.0 μg/mL范围内与ΔF呈线性关系,线性回归方程为ΔF=83.123 ρ_{Se }(μg/mL)+0.068 5,相关系数r=0.999 5。方法中硒检出限为0.03 μg/mL。将体系应用于测定富硒土壤样品中痕量硒,测定值与原子吸收光谱法(AAS)相符,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)为1.6%～3.2%,加标回收率为98%～103%。     

Judd-Ofelt parameters of the up-conversion phosphors: Er~(3+) doped BaGd_2ZnO_5/PMMA and NaYF_4/PMMA

We proposed a new approach to determination of Judd-Ofelt intensity parameters of Er~(3+) doped phosphors via their absorption spectra. To validate this approach, JO parameters of Er~(3+) doped Ba BaGd_2ZnO_5/PMMA and NaYF_4/PMMA composites were calculated and in a good agreement with the other glass and crystal. The spontaneous radiative transition probability, branching ratio, and radiative lifetime of the optical transitions were calculated by using the Judd-Ofelt theory. Intense near-infrared emission at 1553 nm was observed under 980 nm laser diode excitation at room temperature. The samples possessing high full-width at half-maximum reach 85 nm have potential application in broadband optical amplifier.     

Modification of Ag-doped BaTiO₃ powders through La gaseous penetration route

The Ag-doped BaTiO3(BATO) polycrystalline powders were fabricated by Sol-Gel method. Further modification by rare earth La was done through gaseous penetration route. Changes in constitution,structure,and electrical conductivity before and after modification of Ag and La were characterized. The acceptor dopant Ag owned the ability to decrease the resistivity of the doping samples from 4.30×109 Ω·m to 6.14×105 Ω·m where the resistivity fell by 4 orders of magnitude when the Ag doping ratio was 0.10%. And more doping of Ag enhanced the resistivity dramatically even beyond 2.0×107 Ω·m. Yet,gaseous penetration of La successively reduced the resistivity of BATO to the lowest point of 2.45×105 Ω·m. XRD analysis indicated that the doping process of Ag did not change the perovskite structure and main phases of the powders. However,new compound BaLa2O4 generated from complex reactions during the penetration process,which manifested that La3+ penetrated into the crystal lattices in the form of substituting the Ti4+ site. And this substitution strengthened the Ti-O bond,which led to the inhibition of blue shift in FTIR spectrum caused by doping of Ag. The morphology of La penetrated BATO powders detected by SEM and EDAX suggested that La did penetrate into the powders and this penetration process progressed the partly sintering of the powders which is in favor of the conductivity.     

Research and application of fluorescence system on norfloxacin-terbium-phen-SDBS

Fluorescence characteristics of complex system of rare earth terbium (Tb 3+ ), norfloxacin, 1,10-phenanthroline(1,10-phen) and surfactant sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) had been studied by using fluorescence spectroscopy. In a buffer solution (pH=6.3), the fluorescence intensity of the norfloxacin-Tb 3+ (NFLX-Tb 3+ ) system had been remarkably enhanced by SDBS and 1,10-Phen. When excited at 335 nm, a good linear relationship between fluorescence intensity of NFLX-Tb 3+ system and NFLX concentration was obtained in the range of 8×10 -8 -4×10 -6 mol/L, and the linear equation was F=2×10 8 C NFLX +22.7 with correlation coefficient of 0.9959. In addition, this method was compared with some previous literatures, the proposed method had relatively higher sensitivity and lower detect limit. The method was simple, rapid, sensitive, practical and suitable for direct analysis of pharmaceutical preparation. It was successfully applied to determine the capsules, human serum and urine in real pharmaceutical samples.     

皮江法物料导热系数测定

采用稳态平板法测定了皮江法炼镁工艺物料的导热系数.结果表明:温度升高,原料中硅铁配入量增加,以及添加CaF2都能提高物料的导热系数.随着还原反应进行,物料的导热系数降低.添加CaF2将降低还原渣的导热系数.对于添加3%CaF2的还原原料导热系数与温度的关系为λ=2.88×10-4T+0.14;添加3%CaF2、还原率为78%的还原渣的导热系数与温度的关系为λ=4.95×10-5T+0.08.     

Gaseous Penetration of Pr into PbTiO3 Ceramics and Their Electric Properties

PbTiO3ceramicsisatypicalferroelectricmaterialwithperovskitestructure .TheuniquepropertiesofPbTiO3ceramicsmakeitusefulforavarietyofappli cations .Forexample ,itisaverygoodcandidateforpiezoelectricapplicationsathigh temperatureinhighsensibility[1,2 ] .Inrecentyears ,studiesondopedPbTiO3ceramicshavereceivedconsiderableattention .ThemodifiedPbTiO3ceramicsdopedwithCa2 ,Sm3 ,Y3 etcimprovedpropertiesincludingreducedCuriestemperature ,degradedtetragonaldistortionde greeandimprovedprocessabil…     

骨髓间充质干细胞静脉输注对猕猴细胞免疫功能的影响

目的 评价猕猴间充质干细胞( MSC)静脉异体输注后对细胞免疫功能的影响。方法分离培养MSC;不做其他处理,将异体MSC静脉输注给受者猴,通过定期监测外周血象、混合淋巴细胞反应( MLR)、T细胞亚群来判断MSC输注后受者细胞免疫功能的变化。结果成功培养了猕猴的MSC。异体MSC输注后,受者无明显毒性反应、排异表现及血象变化。可以在一定时间内（2周左右）抑制受者T细胞在MLR中的增殖活性,受者猴A2、A3及A4输注MSC的数量分别为4.0×105/kg、1.0×106/kg、2.0×106/kg,在输注后第14天时,MLR的相对反应值(RR)与输注前比较均明显降低,分别从(46.0±2.6)％、( 40.9±2.3)％、(48.3±2.0)％降至(40.4±1.73)％、(33.0±2.1)％、(39.0±1.0)％(F=1O.19,P=0.023;F=2.593,P= 0.013;F= 28.431,P=0.003),输注后第30天时RR均恢复到输注前水平;统计结果显示,抑制程度(△RR)与输注MSC数量呈正相关(F=27.413,P=0.038)。A4是输注MSC数量最多的受者,输注后第14天开始,外周血CD3+、CD3+ CD4+、CD3+CD8+细胞的百分比与输注前相比有所降低,在输注后第30天左右恢复至输注前水平。结论单纯体内输注异体MSC,可以在一定时间内抑制受者T细胞的免疫活性;免疫抑制程度与输注MSC数量呈正相关。MSC特殊的免疫学特性使其具有深远的临床应用价值。     

The Absorption Spectrum of H2S Between 2150 and 4260 cm-1: Analysis of the Positions and Intensities in the First (2nu2, nu1, and nu3) and Second (3nu2, nu1 + nu2, and nu2 + nu3) Triad Regions

The two triad systems of hydrogen sulfide (2nu2, nu1, and nu3 near 4 μm and 3nu2, nu1 + nu2, and nu2 + nu3 near 2.7 μm) were analyzed using 14 spectra recorded at 0.0056 and 0.011 cm-1 resolution with the McMath Fourier transform spectrometer located at Kitt Peak National Observatory. Experimental upper state levels of H232S, H234S, and H233S were obtained from assigned positions (as high as J = 20 and Ka = 15 for the main isotope). These were fitted to the A-reduced Watson Hamiltonian to determine precise sets of rotational constants through J10 and up to nine Fermi and Coriolis coupling parameters. Intensities of the two H232S triads were modeled with rms values of 2.5%, using the transformed transition moment expansion with 19 terms for 568 intensities of the first triad and 11 terms for the 526 intensities of the second triad. The second derivatives of the dipole moment with respect to normal coordinates were estimated in Debye to be: 22μx = -0.004873 (90); 12μx = 0.01372 (30); and 23μz = 0.01578 (30). This confirmed that for hydrogen sulfide some of the second derivatives are larger than the first derivatives. The calculated line intensities were summed yielding integrated band strengths (in cm-2/atm at 296 K) as follows: 0.3315 for 2nu2, 0.4522 for nu1, 0.1201 for nu3, 0.0303 for 3nu2, 1.820 for nu1 + nu2, and 2.869 for nu2 + nu3. In addition, the hot band transitions were identified in both regions. Finally, a composite database of hydrogen sulfide line parameters was predicted for the 5- to 2.5-μm region. Copyright 1998 Academic Press.     

CaCO3抑制三氧化钼挥发热力学及动力学分析

三氧化钼（MoO₃）的挥发特性是导致Mo收得率较低的主要原因,采用CaCO₃对MoO₃进行稳定化处理是抑制MoO₃挥发的行之有效的方法。从热力学及动力学角度研究了CaCO₃和MoO₃低温固相反应。结果表明,二者在450℃就可反应生成稳定CaMO₄,600～700℃反应速率较快且MoO₃未开始挥发,在此温度区间对MoO₃预处理效果较好。采用Coats-Redfern法计算了不同升温速率下CaC0₃和MoO₃固相反应动力学参数,活化能（E）和指前因子（A）分别为167.45 kJ/mol、1.22×10⁷s^-1,速率常数k=1.22×10⁷×exp（-20 140/T）。