组合钢板剪力墙抗震性能试验研究

基于普通混凝土钢板剪力墙的构造形式及受力特点,本文提出了以预制水泥基轻型混凝土板作为钢板两侧保护墙板的新型组合钢板剪力墙。针对预制水泥基轻型混凝土板—钢板组合剪力墙的构造形式、抗侧刚度、抗震性能及破坏特点等方面进行了五个试件的水平推覆试验研究。结果表明,较大宽厚比钢板会产生较大的平面外变形,极限抗剪承载力较低;预制墙板对钢板的抗侧刚度及屈曲荷载都有所提高;钢板的约束形式对结构耗能、钢板屈曲形式及墙板破坏形式有较大的影响。     

钢板墙束柱受力性能试验研究及理论分析

对3个1/2缩尺钢板墙束柱试件分别进行单调和往复加载拟静力试验,研究其在水平荷载作用下的破坏机理、抗侧刚度、受剪承载力及滞回性能;对钢板墙束柱试件建立有限元分析模型,并按照试验加载制度进行数值模拟分析,得到了钢板墙束柱试件的力学性能;在试验和有限元分析的基础上,提出了钢板墙束柱的抗侧刚度及受剪承载力理论计算式。试验、分析及计算结果表明,单调荷载作用下钢板墙束柱试件抗侧性能稳定,层间位移角达到1/50时,加载后期试件承载力不下降,延性性能好;往复荷载作用下钢板墙束柱试件的滞回性能稳定,层间位移角达到1/50时承载力没有降低,滞回曲线平滑、饱满;钢板墙束柱的抗侧刚度及受剪承载力的理论计算结果与试验及有限元分析结果很接近。     

钢板墙束柱受力性能试验研究及理论分析

对3个1/2缩尺钢板墙束柱试件分别进行单调和往复加载拟静力试验,研究其在水平荷载作用下的破坏机理、抗侧刚度、受剪承载力及滞回性能;对钢板墙束柱试件建立有限元分析模型,并按照试验加载制度进行数值模拟分析,得到了钢板墙束柱试件的力学性能;在试验和有限元分析的基础上,提出了钢板墙束柱的抗侧刚度及受剪承载力理论计算式。试验、分析及计算结果表明,单调荷载作用下钢板墙束柱试件抗侧性能稳定,层间位移角达到1/50时,加载后期试件承载力不下降,延性性能好;往复荷载作用下钢板墙束柱试件的滞回性能稳定,层间位移角达到1/50时承载力没有降低,滞回曲线平滑、饱满;钢板墙束柱的抗侧刚度及受剪承载力的理论计算结果与试验及有限元分析结果很接近。     

双层钢板混凝土组合剪力墙滞回性能研究

为研究双层钢板混凝土组合剪力墙的滞回性能,对4个剪跨比为2.5的组合剪力墙试件进行了拟静力加载试验;通过改变约束拉杆和加劲肋的间距,研究其在往复水平荷载作用下的破坏机理、滞回性能;选用地震分析软件OpenSees建立了双层钢板混凝土组合剪力墙的纤维模型,进行了低周反复荷载作用下的非线性分析。结果表明:该种剪力墙的破坏形态为墙底部截面钢板被压曲,核心混凝土被压碎的弯曲型破坏;在轴压比相同条件下,设置加劲肋试件的抗震性能优于设置约束拉杆的试件,且随着约束拉杆和加劲肋间距的减小,试件的变形能力增加,表现出较好的耗能能力;纤维模型计算得到的抗弯承载力、延性系数与试验值之间误差较小,纤维模型能较好地模拟剪力墙的抗震性能;随着轴压比的增大,剪力墙的极限承载力有所提高,而变形能力有明显的下降;随着混凝土强度的增加,剪力墙的承载力提高,变形能力减小;随着钢板厚度的增加,剪力墙的承载力和变形能力都明显增加。     

开缝钢板剪力墙的理论分析与数值模拟

开缝钢板剪力墙是一种新型的抗侧力构件,具有良好的延性和稳定的滞回性能,本文在理论分析的基础上,对开缝钢板剪力墙初始弹性刚度以及极限承载力估算公式进行了修正,利用公式对不同尺寸、开缝形式的开缝钢板墙进行了计算,并进行了非线性有限元分析。与试验结果对比表明,修正后的理论公式和有限元分析能够较好预估面外变形较小的墙板的性能,对墙板的极限承载力的估计值也能与试验值较好吻合,有限元结果很大程度上高估墙板的初始刚度。本文的分析和结论为开缝钢板剪力墙的数值模拟与手算复核提供了建议和依据。     

箱板式钢结构住宅底部加强区组合钢板墙有限元分析和抗剪承载力计算式

为了建立箱板式钢结构住宅底部加强区组合钢板墙的抗剪承载力计算式,在前期试验研究的基础上,设计了16个模型试件,对影响组合钢板墙抗剪承载力的关键参数进行了有限元分析,探讨了钢板墙的高厚比、肋板刚度比等对组合钢板墙抗震性能的影响规律,分析了试件的破坏模式、滞回曲线、骨架曲线、承载力和刚度退化等。结果表明:墙板的高厚比越大,钢板越容易产生面外屈曲形成拉力带,滞回曲线捏缩越明显,屈服承载力和极限承载力越低。高厚比越小,组合钢板墙的抗侧刚度越大,但在受力后期,刚度退化速度较快。肋板刚度比对初始弹性刚度和滞回性能的影响不明显。基于分析结果,提出了组合钢板墙的合理破坏模式,并通过参数分析和回归分析,得到了组合钢板墙的抗剪承载力计算式。算例分析表明:所提计算式可用于计算组合钢板墙的抗剪承载力。     

新型组合钢板剪力墙单元的抗剪承载力

提出一种适用于钢框架结构体系的新型组合钢板剪力墙形式。对4种宽厚比的纯钢板和1种组合钢板剪力墙单元的静力加载试验的结果表明:宽厚比决定了钢板初始抗侧性能和屈曲模态;小宽厚比钢板对边界约束条件较为敏感;预制墙板对提高剪力墙单元抗剪承载力和提高屈曲荷载有一定帮助,但是对钢板抗侧性能的贡献不大。通过数值模拟增加影响参数,对新型组合钢板剪力墙单元进行了理论分析。最后给出了三边固接一边弹性约束的钢板及组合钢板剪力墙单元的抗剪承载力计算公式,并依据成品预制墙板的规格尺寸给出了组合钢板剪力墙适用的预制墙板最小厚度选择方法。     

三边约束组合钢板剪力墙单元抗震性能试验研究

提出一种适用于钢框架结构体系的新型组合钢板剪力墙单元,它由三边固接一边弹性约束的钢板和预制水泥基覆板组合而成。通过三种钢板宽厚比的纯钢板剪力墙和组合钢板剪力墙共6个试件的静力加载试验,考察宽厚比对三边约束钢板受剪承载力的影响,同时考察分析预制水泥基覆板对内嵌钢板的屈曲承载力和受剪承载力的影响。试验结果表明：宽厚比决定了钢板初始抗侧性能和屈曲模态;预制水泥基覆板对提高剪力墙单元受剪承载力和钢板屈曲承载力有一定帮助;通过有效抑制内嵌墙板的面外屈曲,可以提高组合钢板剪力墙单元的抗震性能。     

带肋箱板式钢结构住宅底部加强区墙体抗震性能有限元分析

为了深入研究带肋箱板式钢结构住宅底部加强区墙体的抗震性能,基于前期试验研究结果,对底部加强区组合钢板墙进行有限元建模。设计了32个有限元模型试件,对影响组合钢板墙混凝土面板约束效果的关键参数进行了分析,探讨了螺栓纵、横向间距,轴压比对组合钢板墙抗震性能的影响规律,分析了模型试件的破坏模式、滞回曲线、骨架曲线、耗能能力、刚度退化和各特征阶段的荷载、位移值。结果表明:厚钢板墙承载力高、后期降低明显,最终发生屈服破坏,而薄钢板墙承载力较低,但后期承载力较稳定,最终发生屈曲破坏;螺栓纵向间距越大,滞回曲线越早出现捏缩、耗能能力减弱;轴压比对墙体承载力和耗能能力影响不大。基于分析结果,给出了组合钢板墙螺栓间距和轴压比的设计建议值。     

壁式钢管混凝土柱抗震性能试验研究

通过3个截面高宽比为3.0的壁式钢管混凝土柱足尺试件在高轴压比下的低周反复加载试验和有限元分析,研究壁式钢管混凝土柱的破坏模式、滞回行为、承载能力、变形性能和能量耗散能力。结果表明：试件的破坏模式为压弯破坏,破坏区域钢板受压鼓曲、钢管纵向焊缝涨裂、混凝土压溃;试件滞回曲线稳定饱满,无明显捏拢现象;纵向隔板能够约束钢管壁板平面外变形,提高钢板局部屈曲强度;试件破坏时位移延性系数大于3.0,等效黏滞阻尼系数大于0.4,减小钢管壁板宽厚比可有效增加试件耗能能力。设计轴压比为0.54～0.69时,壁式钢管混凝土柱屈服位移角大于0.005rad,极限位移角大于0.02rad,具有良好的变形性能和耗能能力。建立的精细有限元模型可准确预测壁式钢管混凝土柱在恒定轴力和反复水平力下的滞回行为。有限元分析表明,轴压比对壁式钢管混凝土柱的极限位移影响显著,提高含钢率可有效增加其承载力和变形性能。     

Experimental study of low-yield-point steel plate shear wall under in-plane load

This paper describes the study of the low-yield-point (LYP) steel plate shear walls under in-plane load. In the LYP steel plate shear wall system, LYP steel was selected for the steel plate wall while the boundary frame was constructed by the high strength structural steel. A series of experimental studies examined the inelastic shear buckling behavior of the LYP steel plate wall under monotonic in-plane load. The effects of width-to-thickness ratio on the shear buckling of LYP steel plates were examined. The stiffness, strength, deformation, and energy dissipation characteristics were investigated by performing cyclic loading tests on the multistorey LYP steel plate shear walls. Excellent deformation and energy dissipation capacity were obtained for all specimens tested. The LYP steel plate shear wall system is able to exceed 5% of storey drift angle under lateral force.     

Experimental Study on Low Cyclic Loading Tests of Steel Plate Shear Walls with Multilayer Slits

A new type of earthquake-resisting element that consists of a steel plate shear wall with slits is introduced. The infill steel plate is divided into a series of vertical flexural links with vertical links. The steel plate shear walls absorb energy by means of in-plane bending deformation of the flexural links and the energy dissipation capacity of the plastic hinges formed at both ends of the flexural links when under lateral loads. In this paper, finite element analysis and experimental studies at low cyclic loadings were conducted on specimens with steel plate shear walls with multilayer slits. The effects caused by varied slit pattern in terms of slit design parameters on lateral stiffness, ultimate bearing capacity and hysteretic behavior of the shear walls were analyzed. Results showed that the failure mode of steel plate shear walls with a single-layer slit was more likely to be out-of-plane buckling of the flexural links. As a result, the lateral stiffness and the ultimate bearing capacity were relatively lower when the precondition of the total height of the vertical slits remained the same. Differently, the failure mode of steel plate shear walls with multilayer slits was prone to global buckling of the infill steel plates; more obvious tensile fields provided evidence to the fact of higher lateral stiffness and excellent ultimate bearing capacity. It was also concluded that multilayer specimens exhibited better energy dissipation capacity compared with single-layer plate shear walls.     

开缝钢板墙抗震性能的试验研究

为了研究开缝形式对开缝钢板墙抗震性能的影响,完成了6组共12片1∶4比例的开缝钢板墙试件的往复加载试验。试验结果表明:开单层竖缝钢板墙的屈曲形态是竖缝间板带的单独扭转屈曲形态(第一类屈曲形态),屈服与破坏集中在竖缝的端部,造成竖缝间板带逐渐断裂,导致试件的刚度与承载力逐渐下降,滞回曲线出现剪切滑移现象;开双层竖缝钢板墙的屈曲是板内对角方向形成斜拉带的整板屈曲形态(第二类屈曲形态),到剪切位移角超过4%,试件的承载力没有出现下降,且滞回曲线相对饱满;竖缝间板带的长宽比越大,试件的抗侧刚度与屈服承载力越低;与开单层竖缝试件相比,开双层竖缝墙板的抗侧刚度与屈服承载力均明显提高。建议的试件初始刚度和承载力理论计算结果与试验得到的结果基本一致。     

Study of a new type of steel slit shear wall with initially twisted links

To address the issue of strength and stiffness degradation of steel slit shear walls (SSSWs) after the occurrence of out‐of‐plane buckling at large lateral deformation, a new type of SSSW made by assembling initially twisted steel plate links is proposed in the present work. Three types of SSSW specimens, with vertical slits, narrow rhomboid openings, and initially twisted steel plate links, respectively, were manufactured and tested under quasi‐static cyclic loading. Test results showed that the SSSW assembled by initially twisted steel plate links had no strength degradation and a nearly constant positive second stiffness throughout the whole loading process with a maximum drift ratio of 6%, whereas the other two SSSW specimens exhibited obvious degradation of strength, stiffness and energy dissipation capacity. The new SSSW also had much smaller residual strength, and its deformation capacity was largely improved. The method to predict the elastic stiffness of the new SSSW was proposed, by which the predicted results agreed well with test results. A user‐defined macromodel was developed to simulate its force‐deformation hysteretic behavior.     

钢板剪力墙低周反复荷载试验研究

本文进行了6个13比例钢板剪力墙的低周反复荷载试验,重点研究了钢板墙极限承载力和滞回性能,为钢板墙结构利用屈曲后强度及抗震设计提供试验依据;本试验揭示了边柱局部屈曲、加劲肋布置形式、加劲板刚度和板高厚比对钢板墙滞回性能的影响。试验结果表明,边柱不出现局部屈曲是钢板墙发挥极限承载力的重要保证;厚板和较强的加劲肋对提高钢板墙滞回曲线的饱满度和滞回环面积是有利的;三种钢板墙以交叉加劲板的承载力和滞回性能最佳,十字加劲板次之,钢板墙结构耗能能力依赖于钢板与边柱的弹塑性变形和钢板面外鼓曲变形。试验曲线与应用弹塑性大挠度有限元法计算的滞回曲线吻合良好;利用屈曲后强度的钢板墙受剪承载力,其试验值与本课题建议公式及有限元值计算结果基本一致。     

方钢管混凝土暗柱内嵌钢板-混凝土组合剪力墙抗震性能试验研究

以某超高层建筑核心筒剪力墙结构为原型,对两端为方钢管混凝土暗柱的内嵌钢板 高强混凝土组合剪力墙进行了拟静力试验研究。试验设计了3个剪跨比为2.0、设计轴压比为0.5的1∶7模型试件,主要变化参数为混凝土强度等级和含钢率。试验结果表明：试件的破坏形态主要为暗柱钢板竖向焊缝开裂、暗柱内混凝土压溃和底部外包钢板局部屈曲,墙中部混凝土的弯剪斜裂缝发展不明显;3个试件的滞回曲线都较为饱满,具有较高的耗能能力,承载力极限状态时的等效黏滞阻尼系数约为0.22;3个试件的屈服位移角平均值为1/214,极限位移角平均值为1/58,延性系数平均值为3.77;在整个加载过程中,弯曲变形和剪切变形对顶点位移的贡献比例基本保持不变,由剪切变形产生的顶点位移约占总顶点位移的20%。     

屈曲约束钢板剪力墙约束板研究(II)——承载力需求及试验验证

本文基于薄板大挠度理论,推导了钢板剪力墙所受剪力与面外挠度的关系,并考虑了弹 塑性屈曲的影响,得到了屈曲约束钢板剪力墙达到极限承载力时的面外挠度,将其代入平衡偏 微分方程后得到了芯板与约束板间面荷载的计算公式。根据国内相关规范,提出了约束板的整 体抗弯、冲切、局压等承载力验算方法,并最终得到约束板的承载力需求公式。此外,本文还 给出了芯板与约束板间连接螺栓的设计公式。最后,本文通过试验对屈曲约束钢板剪力墙约束 板的设计要求进行了验证。     

Experimental study and numerical simulation on steel plate shear walls with non-uniform spacing slits

Numerous experimental and finite element studies have shown that steel plate shear walls with slits have several beneficial characteristics, such as good ductility and excellent energy dissipation capacity, which make them a feasible lateral load resisting and energy dissipation system for high-rise buildings in high seismic regions. The width of the flexural links between slits has a significant effect on the mechanical behavior and hysteretic performance of steel plate shear walls with slits. This paper presented two kinds of steel plate shear walls with non-uniform spacing slits (SPWNS) and investigated their performance under low-cycle loading based on tests and finite element software. The study mainly focused on the ultimate bearing capacity, the lateral stiffness, the energy dissipation capacity and the ductility of SPWNS. The results from numerical analysis and test study were compared with each other. The ultimate bearing capacity and the lateral stiffness of traditional steel plate shear walls with uniform spacing slits (SPWUS) were similar to that of SPWNS. In contrast, the ductility and the energy dissipation capacity of SPWUS were much higher.

     

Experimental study on steel beam–columns composed of slender H-sections under cyclic bending

This paper presents an experimental study of six H-section steel beam–columns with large width-to-thickness ratios subjected to combined constant axial force and cyclic bending moment about the strong-axis. Considering different categories of cross-sections, various width-to-thickness ratios of the flange and web of the specimens were selected, and a reliable structural testing system was employed. The test results showed that, for all the specimens, local buckling was the dominating failure mode. Due to their relatively large width-to-thickness ratios of the flange and web, the H-section specimens exhibited limited resisting strength but certain plastic deformation capacity as well as energy dissipation capacity, encouraging employment of such members in seismic areas. It was also found that the flange width-to-thickness ratio and the axial force ratio have significant effects on the hysteretic behavior. In addition, a modified plastic effective width method for ultimate strength was proposed.     

格栅管式双钢板混凝土组合剪力墙抗震性能试验

制作了3榀格栅管式双钢板混凝土组合剪力墙试验试件,并开展组合剪力墙的低周反复水平荷载试验,绘制出了试件的滞回曲线及骨架曲线。结果表明:格栅管式双钢板混凝土组合剪力墙具有承载能力高、延性好和耗能能力强等优点;新型组合剪力墙可充分发挥格栅式钢墙板和管内混凝土的材料性能,管内混凝土处于三向受压状态,提高了混凝土的抗压强度和延性,外侧钢墙板承担全部拉应力,管内混凝土承担全部压应力,协同工作优势互补;在1/25 rad位移角状态下循环加载80次,新型组合剪力墙塑性铰区域的管内混凝土没有明显的损坏,试验全过程没有任何异响,说明新型组合剪力墙在罕遇地震时也具有良好的工作性能和抗震延性;格栅管式双钢板混凝土组合剪力墙可实现高轴压比、高延性和薄墙厚的抗震剪力墙设计要求。