基于无线传感器网络的水情监测数据传输的设计

提出一种将基于Zigbee的无线传感器网络应用于水环境检测的系统,该系统将Zigbee网络与GPRS无线通信网络结合,在传感器终端,采用ZigBee无线传输系统,能够将多样化的测量变量进行收集。然后通过ZigBee网络传送到协调器节点,然后协调器节点通过GPRS模块发送,经过GPRS协议与TCP／IP协议转换,完成与Internet的连接,监控中心可以通过Internet网络进行信号的收集,完成数据的远程采集与传输过程。     

无线传感网络基本演示系统

本文设计并实现了结合GPRS和无线传感网络技术的基本演示系统。本系统由三部分组成,包括MCU方软件、PC方监听软件和PC方监控软件。MCU方软件可分为无线传感网节点程序、网关节点程序和GPRS主控器程序。无线传感节点和网关节点采用飞思卡尔公司推出的一款Zigbee模块MC13213,实现动态编址和路由功能。GPRS主控器收集本网段内无线节点采集的数据并且通过GPRS模块发给远程服务器。PC方监听软件处于MCU方软件与监控软件之间。它是一个基于Socket的程序。PC方监控软件作为一个Web系统,为用户提供了友好的图形化界面。     

基于ZigBee无线传感器网络的农业环境监测系统设计

针对当前农业环境监测的需求,为精准农业提供科学依据,设计了将ZigBee无线传感器网络（Wireless Sensor Networks,WSN）与GPRS相结合的农业环境监测系统。系统实现了信息采集节点的自动部署、数据自组织传输,可以使人们实时、精确地获取作物环境信息,包括空气温湿度,土壤温湿度,CO2浓度,土壤PH值,光照强度等,可应用于温室、农田等区域,有助于农业部门更加有效地提高农作物产量。初步测试结果验证了该系统的合理性与实用性。     

基于Zigbee和GPRS的多参数水质监测系统设计

针对传统水质监测存在的实时性差、覆盖范围窄、网络布局困难等问题,设计出一种基于Zigbee无线传感网络和GPRS技术的远程实时水质监测系统.文中重点阐述该系统的硬件设计和软件实现过程.该系统将水质传感器采集的各项参数传送给CC2530芯片后,经Zigbee网络发送给网络协调器,再通过GPRS无线通信模块SIM300传送到Internet或移动终端,最后用户可通过PC机或手机终端查看水质参数信息,实现了水质信息的远程实时监测.实验应用表明,该系统监测范围广、使用方便、快捷,具有较为广阔的应用前景.     

面向无线传感器网络应用的传感器技术综述

无线传感器网络是目前国内外研究的一个热点方向,具有非常广泛的应用前景,其应用与发展,将对人类的生活和生产的各个领域带来深刻的影响.对目前已经应用于无线传感器网络的具体传感器技术进行了分析,总结了无线传感器网络应用对传感器技术的需求约束.依据这些需求展望了未来可能应用于无线传感器网络的传感器技术.     

无线传感器网络应用综述

传感器被越来越多地布置到实际的网络环境中,用于实现某些应用.无线传感器网络已经成为了科学研究领域最前沿的课题之一,引起了工业界和学术界众多研究者的关注.通过总结相关方面的工作,综述在不同领域中无线传感器网络的实际应用,并对具体应用的一些重要特性进行分析,在此基础上提出若干值得继续研究的方面.     

无线传感器网络应用系统最新进展综述

无线传感器网络是由大量小型、低成本的传感器节点组成的多跳无线自组织网络,主要用于采集和传播环境数据.近年来,无线传感器网络已经应用在环境监测、医学研究、军事和日常生活等多个领域.对无线传感器网络应用系统的最新进展进行综述,以应用系统的研究机构、目的、部署时间、路由方式、节点类型、数据采集频率等为出发点进行了详细介绍,并对各应用系统进行分析对比,进而总结了现阶段无线传感器网络应用系统存在的问题,最后展望了今后的发展方向.     

面向无线传感器网络应用的嵌入式操作系统综述

相比一般的嵌入式系统,无线传感器网络节点对操作系统的体积大小﹑能量利用率﹑节点相互间通信以及可重配置﹑可靠性和适应性等方面提出了更高的要求.由于这些特点,针对无线传感器网络节点也出现了各种各样的操作系统.阐述了无线传感器网络的特点及其对操作系统的要求,并介绍了当前无线传感器网络领域所应用的几种操作系统,提出了零操作系统的概念,也对传感器网络操作系统的版权进行了一些讨论,最后对传感器网络操作系统当前现状及发展作了总结.     

无线传感器网络及应用

介绍了无线传感器网络的体系结构、网络组成和最新研究成果。分析并总结了无线传感器网络的技术特点，引入了无线传感器网络技术的Zigbee标准。最后使用实例具体描述了将Zigbee应用到智能家居系统的过程。     

面向无线传感网络应用的改进LZW算法

在无线传感网络通信中,传感器数据需要通过无线设备发送给上位机。随着终端传感器传输数据量的增大,无线设备的发送能耗逐渐加大。在不便于及时维护的复杂环境中,这将导致无线通讯设备过早失效从而使得通讯中断。因此需要先将传感器采集到的数据进行压缩,减小发送数据量。在分析传感器数据特点和传统的LZW(Lempel-Ziv-Welch)压缩算法的基础上,提出了一种面向无线传感网络应用的改进LZW算法。该算法首先对采集到的传感器相邻数据进行差值预处理,以提高数据项的重复率;然后选择大小合适的字典,在字典上用哈希存储的方式代替传统的顺序存储,以改进字典更新方式,当检测到压缩率降低时更新字典,并保存常用单字符,释放字典空间,达到数据压缩的目的。实验数据显示,与传统的LZW算法相比,改进的LZW算法使得有序传感器数据的压缩率最高降低40%,减小了所需发送数据的数据量,压缩速度也提高了近10倍,证明了面向无线传感网络应用的改进LZW算法是有效可行的。     

Routing in wireless sensor networks for wind turbine monitoring

Smart wireless sensor devices are rapidly emerging as key enablers of the next evolution in wind turbine monitoring. The potential for in-situ monitoring of turbine elements, employing methodologies that are not possible with existing wired technology, make it possible to attain new levels of granularity and autonomy in the monitoring of these structures. Wireless sensor devices are limited in terms of communication by the range of their radio modules and, thus, need to form networks in order to transfer data from distant points. Routing protocols are primary enablers of such ad hoc wireless sensor networks and these require the implementation of reliable and energy-efficient mechanisms to maximize network reliability and availability. Existing routing protocols cannot be directly applied to the monitoring of wind turbines without addressing the unique context and operational characteristics of these structures in multi-hop wireless communication. This work identifies the potential effects associated with the operation, environment and structure of wind turbines in wireless sensor network multi-hop communication, and proposes and evaluates a reliable routing protocol for wireless sensor networks employed in these domains.     

A framework for use of wireless sensor networks in forest fire detection and monitoring

Forest fires are one of the main causes of environmental degradation nowadays. Current surveillance systems for forest fires lack in supporting real-time monitoring of every point of a region at all times and early detection of fire threats. Solutions using wireless sensor networks, on the other hand, can gather sensory data values, such as temperature and humidity, from all points of a field continuously, day and night, and, provide fresh and accurate data to the fire-fighting center quickly. However, sensor networks face serious obstacles like limited energy resources and high vulnerability to harsh environmental conditions, that have to be considered carefully. In this paper, we propose a comprehensive framework for the use of wireless sensor networks for forest fire detection and monitoring. Our framework includes proposals for the wireless sensor network architecture, sensor deployment scheme, and clustering and communication protocols. The aim of the framework is to detect a fire threat as early as possible and yet consider the energy consumption of the sensor nodes and the environmental conditions that may affect the required activity level of the network. We implemented a simulator to validate and evaluate our proposed framework. Through extensive simulation experiments, we show that our framework can provide fast reaction to forest fires while also consuming energy efficiently.     

A statistical analysis of interference and effective deployment strategies for facility-specific wireless sensor networks

Sensors are essential to industrial automation as they provide vital links between control systems and the physical world. Recently, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) attract more attention as they become feasible solutions for facility management. Unlike simulated environments, however, there are challenges in developing reliable WSNs for monitoring real facilities, including reduced accuracy, reliability and performance due to unpredictable interferences. This paper investigates deployment of automation facility-specific WSNs, called facility sensor networks (FSNs). First, interferences at multiple sensing nodes are analyzed to see if FSNs are vulnerable to interference. Second, interference sources are identified by applying statistical methods to collected data, in order to find the appropriate FSN configuration. Finally, an interference model is proposed to obtain optimal deployment strategies that minimize influence of interference. The strategy yields the lowest interference level compared to others. The results also suggest the appropriate number of sensors to be deployed.     

用于工业监测的无线传感器网络多径路由协议

针对工业监测中多对一周期性数据采集应用,提出一个高可靠低开销逐跳多径路由协议PHMP.根据应用特点,综合利用定期和实时估计器评估链路质量,提高了选路质量.设计了一种高可靠低开销的逐跳多径路由,而且选路时还考虑了网络节点能耗的均衡性.仿真结果表明,PHMP能提高选路质量,以较小的能量和存储开销提高传输的可靠性,并且可提高网络节点能耗均衡性,从而尽可能地延长网络生存时间.     

An asynchronous MAC protocol for wireless sensor networks

The MAC protocol for wireless sensor network plays a very important role in the control of energy consumption. It is a very important issue to effectively utilize power under the condition of limited energy. The most energy-wasting part of the MAC protocol for wireless sensor network is at the idling condition. Therefore it is crucial for power saving to be able to turn off the signal transducer of the wireless network when the equipment is idling. Pattern-MAC (PMAC) allows sensors that did not transfer for a long period of time to quickly enter a dormant state, so that the problem of sensor overhearing can be greatly improved, and the whole network structure can fully respond to the actual transfer rate without too much energy consumption, but this type of design requires precise time synchronization mechanism. Achieving time synchronization is a very energy consuming and very expensive mechanism in the sensor network structure, achieving the goal is coupled with excess energy consumption and reduction of the lifespan of the sensor. Additionally, the exchange action with the neighboring pattern after each cycle, not only generates additional energy consumption for data transfer, but is also accompanied by factors such as competition, collision and pattern exchange failure. We propose an asynchronous MAC protocol (AMAC) in this paper and expect to improve the problem of energy wasting and time synchronization due to sleeping schedule exchange under the PMAC basic protocol.     

无线传感器网络动态重传算法

无线传感器网络路由协议通过点到点的重传来提高数据传输的可靠性,其重传机制没有考虑不同业务数据的可靠性需求差异,统一设定一个静态的最大重传次数。本文提出了一种动态重传算法,为每种业务分别根据其可靠性需求动态设定最大重传次数。对于较低可靠性需求的业务,相比于传统重传机制减少了重传次数。仿真表明动态重传算法能有效降低网络能耗。     

一种分布式能量有效的无线传感器网络分簇路由协议

提出了一种分布式能量有效的无线传感器网络分簇路由协议DEEC(Distributed Energy-efficient Clustering Algorithm)。该协议采用基于时间的簇首选择算法,广播时间取决于自身剩余能量和其邻居节点的剩余能量。在数据传输阶段,采用簇内单跳与簇间多跳相结合的方式,引入权值函数优化簇首中继节点的选择。仿真实验结果表明,与LEACH,PEGASIS协议相比,DEEC能够有效地节约单个节点能量、均衡网络能耗、延长网络生存周期。     

Application of wireless sensor networks to aircraft control and health management systems

Use of fly-by-wire technology for aircraft flight controls have resulted in an improved performance and reliability along with achieving reduction in control system weight. Implementation of full authority digital engine control has also resulted in more intelligent, reliable, light-weight aircraft engine control systems. Greater reduction in weight can be achieved by replacing the wire harness with a wireless communication network. The first step towards fly-by-wireless control systems is likely to be the ...     

A wireless sensor networks MAC protocol for real-time applications

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are designed for data gathering and processing, with particular requirements: low hardware complexity, low energy consumption, special traffic pattern support, scalability, and in some cases, real-time operation. In this paper we present the virtual TDMA for sensors (VTS) MAC protocol, which intends to support the previous features, focusing particularly on real-time operation. VTS adaptively creates a TDMA arrangement with a number of timeslots equal to the actual number of nodes in range. Thus, VTS achieves an optimal throughput performance compared to TDMA protocols with fixed size of frame. The frame is set up and maintained by a distributed procedure, which allows sensors to asynchronously join and leave the frame. In addition, duty cycle is increased or decreased in order to keep latency constant below a given deadline. Therefore, a major advantage of VTS is that it guarantees a bounded latency, which allows soft real-time applications.

Accident aware localization mechanism for wireless sensor networks

Accurate location information is important for event reporting, coverage estimation, and location-aware routing in a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). Recently, a number of range-free localization schemes have been proposed to provide each static sensor with location information, which is represented by a rectangular region. However, most WSN applications are applied in outdoor environments where the sensors’ location regions could be incorrect due to sudden accidents. This paper proposes an Active Location Correction Protocol, called ALCP, for detecting and correcting the occurrence of location error based on the bounding box technology. Performance study reveals that applying the ALCP to improve the location accuracies can enhance the performance of the well-known GPSR routing in terms of routing length, sensing coverage, and packet arrival rate.