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1.
以宋河浓香型白酒不同窖龄窖泥为研究对象,采用Illumina Miseq高通量测序技术和典范对应分析(CCA)等方法探究细菌菌群结构变化特征及其环境影响因素。结果表明,16年窖龄窖泥的细菌群落结构多样性高于6年窖龄窖泥,相同窖龄、同一窖池的窖底泥高于窖壁泥。6年窖壁泥与窖底泥的细菌群落结构相似,绝对优势细菌属均为乳酸菌属(Lactobacillus)。16年窖壁泥与窖底泥的细菌群落结构差异较大,共有绝对优势细菌属为梭菌属(Clostridium)、氨基酸杆菌(Aminobacterium)、理研菌属(Petrimonas)、互营单胞菌属(Syntrophomonas)和Sedimentibacter。特有绝对优势细菌属中Lactobacillus相对丰度的降低以及Clostridium和Aminobacterium相对丰度的迅速增长均表明16年窖池已成为趋于老熟化的优质窖池。CCA分析结果推测,pH和有机物可能是影响16年窖池细菌群落结构改变的主要环境因子。  相似文献   

2.
高通量测序技术初步解析浓香型白酒窖泥细菌群落结构   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
通过高通量测序技术初步解析了不同窖池窖泥的细菌群落结构。结果表明,窖泥细菌分为9个门类,其中厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)占据主导地位;放线菌门(Actinobacteria)在不同窖泥中的占比差异比较大。而拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、绿弯菌门(Chlorflexi)、互养菌门(Synergistetes)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、无壁菌门(Tenericutes)、螺旋体门(Spirochaetes)、球孢菌门(Lebtisphaeria)在不同窖池窖泥中所占比例也有所差别。对窖泥细菌属分类发现,9个窖泥样品中一共分成39个属。通过主成分分析发现其中13个细菌属对窖泥来源划分的贡献度较高。相同车间窖泥中八叠球菌属(Sporobacter)、红蝽杆菌属(Coriobacterium)、梭菌属(Clostridium)、纤维素单胞菌属(Cellulomonas)、Sediminibacter、氨基杆菌属(Aminobacter)、棒杆菌属(Corynebacterium)、Sporosarcina所占比例基本相同。而脱卤素杆菌属(Dehalobacter)、醋杆菌属(Acetobacter)、互营菌属(Syntrophus)、冷单胞菌属(Psychromonas)只在7、8、9号窖泥中发现有一定比例的分布,而在其他窖泥中均未检测出。  相似文献   

3.
The bacterial community in the pit mud of a Luzhou‐flavour liquor distillery in different regions was analysed by combined polymerase chain reaction–denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR‐DGGE) and quantitative PCR (qPCR) in order to distinguish a matured and a degenerated pit mud, judged according to sensory and physicochemical characteristics. The phyla Firmicutes, Cloacimonetes, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Synergistetes and Unclassified Bacteria were detected. Firmicutes predominated in the pit mud. The diversity and homogeneity of the bacterial community in the matured pit mud were superior to those in the degenerated pit mud in the same distillery. There were significant differences in the bacterial community structure between the matured and degenerated pit mud. Moreover, the bacterial community in the degenerated pit mud samples was similar, which indicated that the bacterial community in the degenerated pit mud did not change within the two different regions. However, the bacterial community in matured pit mud samples was different, demonstrating that there were visible differences in the bacterial community between the samples of matured pit mud collected from the Luzhou‐flavour liquor distilleries in the two different regions. Notably, the quantity of Actinobacteria in the matured and the degenerated pit mud was found to be different by quantitative analysis. Potentially, the Actinobacteria could serve as an indicator bacteria to distinguish between matured and degenerated pit muds. Copyright © 2016 The Institute of Brewing & Distilling  相似文献   

4.
利用Illumina Miseq高通量测序技术解析河南某酒企6年和12年窖泥微生物群落多样性和组成。结果表明,两类窖龄窖池中窖泥原核微生物群落组成具有相似的空间分布特征,且物种丰度(Chao1指数)和多样性(Shannon指数)均分别在窖壁中层和下层窖泥最高;乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus)、产己酸菌属(Caproiciproducens)、嗜蛋白菌属(Proteiniphilum)及甲烷囊菌属(Methanoculleus)等14个属为窖泥优势属,其中78.6%优势属在两类窖龄窖池下部(下层和窖底)窖泥中含量均高于窖池上部(上层和中层)窖泥,且主要隶属于梭状芽胞杆菌纲(Clostridia)和拟杆菌纲(Bacteroidia);57.6%(19/33)Top10属的空间分布特征与窖龄无关;随窖龄增加,Top10属产生了132个变化,其中75.6%的变化均较小(<1%);冗余分析(RDA)结果推测,铵态氮和有效磷可能是影响供试窖泥原核微生物菌群空间分布的主要环境因子。  相似文献   

5.
采用Illumina Miseq高通量测序技术分析宋河浓香型白酒不同窖龄(6年、16年)窖池窖壁泥和窖底泥真菌菌群结构变化。结果表明,老窖池窖泥中真菌菌群物种丰富度高于新窖池,窖底泥多样性高于新窖池,但窖壁泥低于新窖池;窖壁泥中真菌菌群物种多样性和丰富度均高于窖底泥。在门水平上,新老窖池窖泥的绝对优势菌门均为子囊菌门(Ascomycota),相对丰度为68.7%~86.2%。在属水平上,相同窖龄窖池窖壁泥和窖底泥真菌菌群结构分布接近,不同窖龄窖池窖泥真菌菌群在优势物种组成上发生了改变,新窖池窖泥的优势真菌群(相对丰度≥1%)主要有青霉属(Penicillium)、毡盘菌属(Byssonectria)和被孢霉属(Mortierella)等,老窖池窖泥的优势真菌主要有嗜热真菌属(Thermomyces)、曲霉菌属(Aspergillus)和根毛霉属(Rhizomucor)等,表明窖龄及窖泥位置均可不同程度的影响真菌菌群结构分布,窖龄可能是影响的主导因素。  相似文献   

6.
该实验选取六尺巷酒厂产酒质量低的新窖池窖泥及附近酒厂产酒质量良好的成熟老窖池窖泥,提取总脱氧核糖核酸(DNA),对细菌16S rRNA的V3-V4区基因进行扩增、高通量测序后分析群落结构的差异。结果表明,螺旋菌门(Spirochaetae)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)是不同浓香型白酒生产厂窖泥样品(标记为YRF、XJF及CXF)中的共有优势微生物;梭菌纲(Clostridia)是成熟窖泥中的绝对优势微生物;在窖泥细菌的系统发育多样性上,新窖泥样品(标记为LCX)中梭菌纲与芽孢杆菌纲(Bacilli)的相对丰度显著低于成熟窖泥,是新窖池产酒质量比成熟老窖池差的主要原因。对窖泥细菌群落结构的分析有助于揭示浓香型白酒质量的成因。  相似文献   

7.
目的:研究宜宾芽菜发酵过程中细菌微生物多样性。方法:采用Illumina高通量测序技术对芽菜样本中所有细菌的16S V1-V3区进行测序,应用QIIME软件和Mothur软件分析和统计样品序列数目、OUT数量,并进行聚类分析。结果:宜宾芽菜发酵过程中6个阶段的样本共获得204997条有效序列,优化后有效序列数为41703条,共9202个OTU分类;主要细菌类群为Firmicutes(厚壁菌门)下的Bacillus(芽孢杆菌属),Bacteroidetes(拟杆菌门)下的Flavobacteriaceae(黄杆菌属)和Sphingobacterium(鞘脂杆菌属),Proteobacteria(变形菌门)下的Sphingomonas(鞘脂单孢菌属)、Acidovorax(嗜酸菌属)、Chromohalobacter(色盐杆菌属)和Pseudomonas(假单胞菌属)以及Actinobacteria(放线菌门)下的Arthrobacter(节杆菌属)。结论:宜宾芽菜发酵过程中细菌菌群处于动态变化中,随着发酵的进行,部分细菌逐渐减少或消失,优势细菌趋于稳定。   相似文献   

8.
窖泥微生物是决定浓香型白酒风格的关键因素。多种分子生物学新技术(如以聚合酶链式反应(PCR)为基础的技术、基因组学技术、高通量测序技术等)已用于窖泥微生物群落结构及功能研究,检测到越来越多的窖泥微生物,发现微生物多样性越来越高。老窖泥中的标志性优势微生物,在门水平为厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、广古菌门(Euryarchaeota)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes),在纲水平为梭菌纲(Clostridia),在属水平为梭菌属(Clostridium)、沉积微生物属(Sedimentibacter)、甲烷杆菌属(Methanobacterium)等。氢营养型甲烷菌既可以促进窖泥的老熟,又对浓香型白酒的香味物质的生成也有重要作用。有些环境因子对窖泥微生物有明显影响,且与有益微生物呈正相关。  相似文献   

9.
以不同窖龄(5年、10年、20年和30年)的中周羌稞养生酒窖泥为研究对象,利用Illumina高通量测序技术对窖泥细菌16S rRNA V4~V5区进行测序,分析其细菌多样性。结果表明,窖泥中细菌多样性(Shannon指数)和丰富度(Chao指数)随着窖龄的增加而显著提高(P<0.05)。不同窖龄窖泥的细菌群落组成存在差异,盐扁菌科(Haloplasmataceae)、乳酸杆菌科(Lactobacillaceae),瘤胃球菌属(Ruminococcaceae)和梭菌属(Clostridium)为不同窖龄窖泥的共有细菌;类芽孢杆菌属(Paemibacillus)、芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)、消化球菌科(Peptococcaceae)、喜盐芽孢杆菌属(Haloballus)和链球菌属(Streptococcus)只出现在30年窖龄窖泥中;PCA结果分析表明,相同窖龄窖泥中的细菌具有更高的相似性,说明窖龄是影响窖泥细菌群落组成的重要因素之一。  相似文献   

10.
不同窖龄及位置窖泥微生物群落和代谢组分的差异   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
基于多相检测技术探究了不同窖龄窖泥微生物群落及主要代谢组分的时空特点.结果表明,窖池微环境和代谢物间相互影响,胁迫微生物群落定向进化.Caproiciproducens和Clostridium sensu stricto 12等7种细菌与窖龄相关,产甲烷古菌则与窖泥的位置有关.此外,不锈钢代替窖泥盖,降低了窖池中Lac...  相似文献   

11.
采用高通量测序技术,定期采集河南贾湖酒业中高温大曲制备过程中的样品,研究大曲中真菌和细菌群落在整个发酵过程中的动态变化。结果表明,各发酵阶段的细菌和真菌组成均发生动态变化。大曲样品从入房到出房,细菌和真菌数量表现出先升高后降低的趋势,并且都在曲温达到顶温时(大曲JH3)达到最高值。发酵前期主要有假丝酵母属(Candida)、根霉属(Rhizopus)和曲霉属(Aspergillus),当曲温达到顶温时,横梗霉属(Lichtheimiaceae)成为优势菌群,发酵后期以毛霉属(Mucor)和曲霉属为主。入房和出房大曲中细菌组成变化不大,乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus)是整个过程中的优势菌属。当曲温达到顶温时,高温放线菌科(Thermoactinomycetaceae)克罗彭斯特菌属(Kroppenstedtia)成为明显优势菌群,相对丰度达到60.67%。  相似文献   

12.
该研究利用高通量测序技术对酱香型郎酒大曲、酒醅和窖泥的细菌菌群进行多样性解析和比较分析。结果表明,郎酒窖泥中细菌菌群的丰富度和多样性最高,大曲中细菌菌群的多样性远高于酒醅。窖泥中主要优势细菌属为乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus)(26.1%)、埃希氏菌-志贺氏菌属(Escherichia-Shigella)(12%)、梭菌属(Clostridium)(7.9%)等,嗜酸乳杆菌(Lactobacillus acetotolerans)作为主体菌,同时存在多种未培养菌种;大曲中的主要优势菌群包括泛菌属(Pantoea)(21.9%)、高温放线菌属(Thermoactinomyces)(21.4%)、克罗彭施泰特氏菌属(Kroppenstedtia)(19.4%)和乳球菌属(Lactococcus)(9.4%)等;酒醅中主要优势细菌属为片球菌属(Pediococcus)(42.7%)、魏斯氏菌属(Weissella)(32.1%)、芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)(14.2%)和乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus)(8.3%),乳酸菌占据优势地位。  相似文献   

13.
利用高通量测序仪分析乳酸胁迫下浓香型白酒窖泥中微生物群落结构变化规律。结果表明,在门水平下,在发酵环境pH≤4.0时,窖泥微生物群落结构变化具有显著性差异;当pH≤4.0时,优势菌门主要为厚壁菌门(Fimicutes)(90%以上);当pH>4.0,优势菌门主要为厚壁菌门(Fimicutes)和变形菌门(Proteobacteria),前者随发酵时间增加呈逐渐增加的趋势,后者随发酵时间增加呈逐渐减少的趋势。在属水平下,优势菌群以热厌氧杆菌属(Thermacetogenium)和梭菌属(Clostridium)为主,随发酵时间增加呈逐渐增加的趋势;在pH≤4.0时,热厌氧杆菌属(Thermacetogenium)和梭菌属(Clostridium)的相对含量均高于在pH5.0胁迫发酵条件下和对照组。  相似文献   

14.
使用Miseq高通量测序技术对4份古襄阳酒业浓香型白酒窖泥样品的细菌多样性进行了评价,同时通过选择性培养分离出窖 泥中的优势乳酸菌,再利用16S rDNA序列分析方法,对其进行初步鉴定。 结果表明,乳酸杆菌是古襄阳酒窖池中的优势细菌,其相对 含量高达92.02%。在分类操作单元(OTU)水平上,发现8个核心OTU相对含量>1.0%,其中7个隶属于乳酸杆菌属(Lactobacillus)。4份 古襄阳酒业浓香型白酒窖泥样品中共分离到12株菌株,初步鉴定其全部为副干酪乳杆菌(Lactobacillus paracasei)。  相似文献   

15.
The aim of this study was to investigate the archaeal community in different ages of pit mud by a combined fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and polymerase chain reaction–denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR‐DGGE) method. Four probes were used to detect the major methanogenic archaea by FISH experiments, and the results showed that orders Methanosarcinales, Methanobacteriales, Methanomicrobiales and Methanococcales were detected in the various ages (50, 100 and 300 year) of pit mud, except for the 1 year‐old pit and the 100 year‐old sample, which exhibited the highest numbers of archaea. The amounts of the four methanogenic archaea significantly increased from the 50 to 100 year‐old pit mud and slightly decreased in the 300 year‐old pit mud. Results of PCR‐DGGE analysis suggest that all archaeal 16S rRNA gene sequences fall into the phylum Euryarchaeota, and Methanobacteriales and Methanomicrobiales dominated in low‐age (1 and 50 year) and old age (100 and 300 year) of pit mud, respectively. Analysis of the community diversity based on the DGGE profiles showed that the 100 and 300 year samples exhibited similar diversity indices compared with the 1 and 50 year samples. This is the first report about the archaeal community structure in different ages of pit mud determined by both FISH and PCR‐DGGE analysis. Copyright © 2015 The Institute of Brewing & Distilling  相似文献   

16.
Polymerase chain reaction denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR‐DGGE) was used to analyse microbial community evolution in the pit mud of cellars used for different periods of time in production of Chinese Luzhou‐flavour liquor. The pit mud was collected from the cellars and the microbial DNA was extracted from the microbes in the pit mud. The Bf 968 primer was used for PCR‐DGGE to analyse the variable region 6 (V6) to variable region 8 (V8) of the microbial 16S rDNA. It was found that the band number, dominance, diversity and similarity of the 16S rDNA were clearly different in the DGGE patterns, because of the great diversity expressed by the different microbial communities in the different‐aged cellars. It is concluded that mutual collaboration and constraint exist between the different microbial communities in the different‐aged cellars, and this relationship leads to an evolutional change in the structures and in the numbers of the microbial communities in the pit mud of the cellars. Changes become more obvious with increasing age of the liquor cellars. Copyright © 2012 The Institute of Brewing & Distilling  相似文献   

17.
利用高通量测序技术解析陶融型白酒正常窖池和退化窖池窖泥细菌群落多样性及其在窖池中的空间异质性,并通过冗余分析(RDA)影响微生物群落的主要理化因素。结果表明,退化窖池窖泥的含水量(36.78%)、pH值(5.50)及铵态氮含量(23.48 mg/100 g)均低于正常窖池窖泥,而总酸含量(13.00 mg/g)和有效磷含量(27.32 mg/100 g)与之相反。窖泥中细菌群落存在明显的空间异质性。与正常窖池窖泥相比,退化窖池窖泥中主要优势细菌门厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)(64.32%)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)(12.58%)以及主要优势细菌属己酸菌属(Caproiciproducens)(3.03%)、嗜蛋白菌属(Proteiniphilum)(6.60%)、棒状杆菌属(Caldicoprobacter)(1.06%)的平均相对丰度较低。有效磷、总酸和铵态氮含量可能是影响不同质量窖泥细菌菌群空间分布的主要理化因子。  相似文献   

18.
运用高通量测序技术(high-throughput sequencing)研究夏冬两个季节青稞酒醅发酵过程中的微生物菌群结构和生物多样性.结果 显示,在青稞酒醅发酵过程中,夏季酒醅细菌种群多样性要高于冬季,而夏季真菌种群多样性低于冬季;真菌属水平上,夏季微生物组成比冬季更为丰富,在发酵过程中,夏季的青稞酒醅中Pichi...  相似文献   

19.
Pit mud plays a crucial role in the production of the Luzhou‐flavour liquor. Its quality directly determines liquor quality and yield. The aged pit mud produced good quality liquor but aging pit mud did not. The aim of this work was to investigate the prokaryotic diversity of the aged and aging pit mud from a Luzhou‐flavour liquor distillery using molecular methods. Two bacteria‐specific and two archaea‐specific 16S rRNA gene clone libraries were constructed and analysed using amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis. A total of 273 clones were studied, which resulted in 28 operational taxonomic units. Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes predominated in both the aged and aging pit mud, but Synergistetes and Actinobacteria were only detected in the aged pit mud. The family Methanosaeta dominated in the aged pit mud, while the Methanosarcina predominated in the aging pit mud. These results were confirmed using two genus‐specific quantitative real time PCR assays. This research distinguished microbial community structure in the aged and aging pit mud for the first time, and has laid an initial foundation for identifying good quality pit mud and for maintaining the quality of pit mud. Copyright © 2014 The Institute of Brewing & Distilling  相似文献   

20.
目的检测収酵食品倒笃菜中细菌和真菌菌群结构。方法利用第二代高通量测序对倒笃菜中的真菌和细菌菌群结构迚行测定分析。结果检测出倒笃菜产品中,细菌群落中占主要地位为假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)、拟杆菌属(Bacteroides)和Faecalibacterium属,分别占比例为11.4%、9.3%和8.9%,而对収酵起至兲重要的芽孢乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus)仅占比例为1.1%。倒笃菜中真菌群落中占主要地位的真菌菌属为曲霉属(Aspergillus),占比为88.8%,而其余真菌占比仅为11.2%。其中,曲霉真菌属中存在可以产生真菌毒素的黄曲霉菌(A.flavus)、寄生曲霉菌(A.parasiticus)等。结论结果表明传统腌制倒笃菜产品中可能会存在一定的致病细菌与可产真菌毒素的真菌,从而有引起食品安全问题的风险,因此,应迚一步对倒笃菜微生物的安全性迚行深入检测分析。  相似文献   

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