油酰肌氨酸钠合成反应中产率的测定

用肖顿-鲍曼(Schottert-Bamnamm)缩合反应法合成油酰肌氨酸钠。用吸附薄层色谱分离并制备组分，计算油酰肌氨酸钠的产率。结果表明：用石油醚：无水乙醚：冰乙酸=10：10：1(V／V)分离产物中的组分，再用无水乙醇。四氯化碳=35：15(V／V)混合溶剂洗脱制备油酸组分，进而计算油酰肌氨酸钠的产率是可行的。与用气相色谱法测定的结果比较，相对误差为4．8％。     

皮革脂肪和油类中极性物质的测定

根据Pauzer Niebuer方法用柱色谱,薄层色谱及溶剂萃取对不同极性物质进行测定。柱色谱:用硅胶60填充柱子,使硅胶悬浮在87份体积石油醚和13份体积二乙醚的混合溶剂中。当硅胶沉积后,加入约2Cm厚的沙层。将已称重样品溶于石油醚和二乙醚的混合溶剂中,取试液等分部分加入柱中,无极性组份用混合溶剂洗提,中等极性组份用     

非共沸烃／醇型混合溶剂浸出大豆的研究

通过实验研究证明，由现行浸出溶剂与浓度为９１．１％ｗｔ的乙醇，按照一定配比构成的非共沸烃／醇型混合溶剂，对大豆具有良好的油脂浸出能力，可以作淡现行浸出溶剂的替代溶剂在现行的浸出条件下使用。混合溶剂的组成在已烷：乙醇溶液＝７：３－５：５（重量比）的范围内是合适的，以６：４为最佳。按最佳配比构成的混合溶剂在浸出温度为５５℃，浸出时间为１００ｍｉｎ的条件下浸出大豆，可使残油率降至０．６９％，其浸出效果优     

用薄层色谱法进行防水加脂剂的分离和制备

本研究用简便的薄层色谱法对性能和组成都与常规皮革加脂剂有很大区别的羧酸型防水加脂剂进行组分离和制备。试验证明，用混合溶剂萃取分组再展开的方法可大大提高ＴＬＣ的分离效果，并利用这种方法进行了样品的制备。     

非共沸烃／醇型混合溶剂浸出大豆的研究Ⅰ．最佳浸出工艺条件的选择

通过实验研究证明，由现行浸出溶剂与浓度为９１．１％ｗｔ的乙醇，按照一定配比构成的非共沸烃／醇型混合溶剂，对大豆具有良好的油脂浸出能力，可以作为现行浸出溶剂的替代溶剂在现行的浸出条件下使用。混合溶剂的组成在己烷：乙醇溶液＝７：３—５：５（重量比）的范围内是合适的，以６：４为最佳。按最佳配比构成的混合溶剂在浸出温度为５５℃，浸出时间为１００ｍｉｎ的条件下浸出大豆，可使残油率降至０．６９％，其浸出效果优于现行浸出溶剂。     

混合活性炭吸附柱法回收黄浆水中大豆异黄酮

采用乙醇、丙酮和乙醇／丙酮混合液（v：v=1：1）作为混合活性炭吸附柱（粉末：颗粒活性炭：1：2）中大豆异黄酮的洗脱溶剂，丙酮的洗脱率优于其它溶剂，依次为丙酮（65％）〉乙醇（65％）〉乙醇／丙酮混合液（35％）。进一步试验得出洗脱液丙酮溶液的最佳洗脱条件为pH=9，温度40℃，浓度65％，35倍量的吸附剂用量（mL/g）。     

非共沸烃／醇型混合剂浸出大豆的研究：I.最佳浸出工艺条件的选择

通过实验研究证明，由现行浸出溶剂与浓度为９１．１％ｗｔ的乙醇按照一定配比构成的非共沸烃／醇型混合溶剂对大豆具有良好的油脂浸出能力，可以作为现行浸出溶剂的替代溶剂在现行的浸出条件下使用。混合溶剂的组成在己烷：乙醇溶液＝７：３－５：５（重量比）的范围内是合适的，以６：４为最佳。按最佳配比构成的混合溶剂在浸出温度为５５℃，浸出时间为１００ｍｉｎ的条件下浸出大豆，可使残油率降至０．６９％，其浸出效果优于现     

造纸及化学品相关专利信息

纸用增强剂及其制备方法和应用 本发明提供了一种纸用增强剂及其制备方法和应用。制备方法包括如下步骤：（1）将40～60质量份溶剂与10～20质量份瓜尔胶原粉搅拌混合,然后加入0．2～1质量份催化剂．在35～60℃反应30～90min,降温至25～30℃,充氮驱氧;     

非共沸烃／醇型混合溶剂浸出大豆的研究：II.各浸出产物间的物料分配…

通过实验研究证明，非共沸烃／醇型混合溶剂［己烷：９１．１％乙醇＝６：４（重量比）］用于大豆的浸出，其湿粕含溶（３２％左右）、油相的混合油浓度（２５％左右）等工艺参数均与我国目前油脂行业现行的工艺要求基本吻合，能够为工业企业所接受。采用混合溶剂浸出技术得到的豆油达到国家二级豆油的标准，大豆蛋白具有良好的感观品质、较高的蛋白含量（５８．４２％）和优良的功能特性，有些指标达到大豆浓缩蛋白的水平，有可能作     

一个未知加脂剂的组份分离

皮革加脂剂在皮革工业上是一种重要的化工材料,有关皮革加脂剂分析的报道指出:由多种成份混合的复合型加脂剂使用效果良好。对于复合型加脂剂的分析鉴定,关键是分离,而采用哪种分离方法,显然需要首先判断复合型加脂剂所含主要组份的结构类型,以便选择最适宜的分离方法。本文介绍采用红外光谱(IR)、核磁共振氢谱(H~1-NMR)、化学降解等手段判断一个未知加脂剂主要组份结构类型,从而选择了最适宜的     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the