磁场作用下苯并三氮唑对黄铜的缓蚀性能研究

采用极化曲线和交流阻抗谱研究了苯并三氮唑(BTA)对黄铜/模拟水腐蚀体系的缓蚀作用,以及电磁场作用下BTA对黄铜电极缓蚀性能的变化.结果显示,BTA对该体系有较好的缓蚀作用;电磁处理和BTA联合作用时,腐蚀电流密度较缓蚀剂单独作用时进一步下降;电磁处理促进了缓蚀剂BTA在金属表面的吸附;在一定时间范围内,磁处理时间越长,BTA对黄铜电极的缓蚀性能越好.     

A time-saving method for assessing the corrosion inhibitor efficiency

Corrosion inhibitor is one of the most important technologies to enhance the durability of steel reinforced concrete. A kind of time-saving method was developed to assess the inhibitor efficiency by using a 16 voltage electric field to accelerate the chloride ion diffusion in concrete and inducing corrosion. Both macrocell and microcell current measurements were used to confirm the corrosion initiation status of steel. The comprehensive efficiency of inhibitor shall be assessed in three aspects. The results clearly show the efficiency of different inhibitors, which indicate the reliability of this time-saving method.     

The influence of Ce(NO3)3·6H2O on the inhibitive effect of Ca(NO2)2 in simulated concrete pore solution

The effects of cerium nitrite on corrosion behaviors of carbon steel in simulated concrete pore solutions were studied with the methods of linear polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and surface analysis. In pore solutions in the presence of Ce(NO3)3?6H2O, the corrosion potential, polarization resistance and impedance of carbon steel obviously increased in contrast to the situation in the absence of cerium salts. The pore solution with [NO2-] / [Cl-] = 0.3 and 0.1% Ce(NO3)3?6H2O, carbon steel shows better corrosion resistance than that in the pore solution with [NO2-] / [Cl-] = 0.6, which indicates that a small amount of Ce(NO3)3?6H2O in pore solutions can effectively promote passivation of the steel and reduce the threshold [NO2-] / [Cl-] ratio for corrosion control. The surface layer formed in cerium salt containing pore solutions is more compact and smooth and 1.36%Ce is examined on the sample surface. The addition of 0.1% Ce(NO3)3?6H2O in pore solutions can decrease the corrosion rate of steel in pore solutions and has little influence on pH change of the solutions. However, more cerium nitrate addition above 0.1% may result in pH decrease of the solution.     

钢筋在碱激发矿渣模拟孔溶液中的钝化及腐蚀性能

采取自腐蚀电位,Mott-Schottky曲线测试技术,研究了钢筋在不同掺量氢氧化钠激发矿渣的模拟孔溶液中钝化膜的生成、钝化膜的半导体性能、氯离子对钝化膜半导体性能的影响、钢筋锈蚀时的临界氯离子浓度。研究结果表明：钢筋在矿渣模拟孔溶液中能生成稳定的钝化膜,但钝化膜的生成时间较长,在18d～26d之间;氢氧化钠激发剂掺量（矿渣质量分数）较低时（2%和4%）,钝化膜具有双极性（n-p型）半导体结构特征;氢氧化钠激发剂掺量较高时（6%、8%和10%）,钝化膜具有三极性（p-n-p型）半导体结构特征;钝化膜的耐氯离子腐蚀能力随着氢氧化钠激发剂掺量的增加而增强,当氢氧化钠掺量≥6%时,钢筋耐氯离子腐蚀能力好于硅酸盐水泥对比组。其中氢氧化钠掺量为10%时,临界氯离子浓度为0.11 mol/L,而硅酸盐水泥对比组的临界氯离子浓度仅为0.03 mol/L。     

钢筋在混凝土模拟孔溶液中的腐蚀研究

钢筋锈蚀是影响混凝土结构耐久性的主要因素.研究了模拟孔溶液pH值、Cl-浓度、SO42-浓度以及空气等对钢筋锈蚀的影响.试验结果表明：随溶液pH值降低,钢筋锈蚀程度增加.随孔溶液中Cl-浓度增加,锈蚀钢筋增重率线性增加.依据钢筋增重率判断,Cl-导致钢筋锈蚀临界值为0.065%.氯盐溶液中SO42-存在使钢筋锈蚀速度变为原来的2~3倍.将腐蚀溶液中钢筋与空气隔绝将延缓钢筋锈蚀.     

Influence of the C-S-H Amount on [Cl~-]/[OH~-]Ratio of Simulated Concrete SPS and the Corrosion Susceptibility of Steel

Two kinds of simulated concrete pore solutions(SPSs) were treated with different amounts of synthetic calcium silicate hydrate(C-S-H). The variation of the [Cl~-]/[OH~-] ratio in SPS was measured and the corrosion susceptibility of carbon steel in the SPS was investigated with potentiodynamic polarization, EIS and weight lose tests. The experimental results showed that for the SPS at p H 12.5, as the amount of C-S-H increases, the [Cl~-]/[OH~-] ratio increases thereby causing an increase in the corrosion susceptibility of the steel. While for the SPS at p H 9.7, with increasing C-S-H amount, the drop amplitudes of both [Cl~-]/[OH~-] ratio and steel corrosion rate first decrease and then increase, and a 3% C-S-H addition shows the best inhibition effect. XPS results demonstrate that after C-S-H treating in p H 12.5 SPS the [Fe~(3+)]/[Fe~(2+)] ratio in the film on steel surface is reduced while in p H 9.7 SPS the [Fe~(3+)]/[Fe~(2+)] ratio is increased. The different effects of the C-S-H amount on the two SPSs and the steel corrosion behavior result from the influences of C-S-H on the SPS p H, which is related to the composition of the SPS.     

Adsorption isotherm mechanism of amino organic compounds as mild steel corrosion inhibitors by electrochemical measurement method

The inhibition ability of 4-amino-5-phenyl-4H-1, 2, 4-trizole-3-thiol (APTT), ethylenediaminetetra-acetic acid (EDTA) and thiourea (TU) for mild steel corrosion in 1.0 mol/L HCl solution at 30 ℃ was investigated. Tafel polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were used to investigate the influence of these organic compounds as corrosion inhibitors of mild steel in 1.0 mol/L HCl solution at 30 ℃. The inhibition mechanism was discussed in terms of Langmuir isotherm model. Results obtained...     

A new method to quickly assess the inhibitor efficiency

A new method to quickly assess the efficiency of corrosion inhibitor was developed by electrically accelerating chloride ions diffusing onto the surface of the embedded steel bar in concrete and inducing corrosion.Potentiodynamic polarization scanning and linear polarization method were used to evaluate the corrosion states which were compared with the direct observation of the bar surface by breaking the sample.The test duration was about two days and the results clearly show the differences in efficiency of the inhibitors tested.     

新型含硫缓蚀剂的制备及其缓蚀吸附行为

以右旋磷霉素左旋苯乙胺盐为起始原料制得新型含硫缓蚀剂HEHSP-(Na)2,采用失重法和电化学极化法对其缓蚀效率进行了评价,探讨了其在Q235钢上的吸附行为.结果表明:HEHSP-(Na)2属于混合型缓蚀剂,在盐酸介质中缓蚀作用良好,其吸附符合Flory-Huggins等温方程,是多分子层吸附,属于物理吸附.     

Effect of Chromium Micro-alloying on the Corrosion Behavior of a Low-carbon Steel Rebar in Simulated Concrete Pore Solutions

A new low-cost corrosion-resistant rebar(HRB400 R) was designed and fabricated by chromium micro-alloying. The effects of Cr on the passivation and corrosion behavior of this rebar in the simulated concrete pore solutions were studied systematically, and its improved corrosion resistance was revealed. In the Cl--free saturated Ca(OH)_2 solution, the HRB400 R rebar presented nearly the same passive film and similar passivation ability compared to the common carbon steel rebar. In the long-term immersion corrosion test in the Cl--contained Ca(OH)_2 solution, the HRB400 R rebar presented improved corrosion resistance and obvious longer passivation-maintaining period. Micro-alloying of Cr element in the rebar matrix enhanced its corrosion resistance against Cl--attack and retarded the corrosion initiation in the matrix. In the alkaline Na Cl salt spraying test, the HRB400 R rebar also presented obviously lower mass-loss rate. The enrichment of Cr element in the rust layer improved its retardant effect to the penetration of aggressive medium, and decreased the corrosion propagation rate of the rebar.     

Inhibition effect of 2-amino-5-ethyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole on corrosion behaviour of austenitic stainless steel type 304 in dilute HCl solution

The corrosion inhibition of type 304 austenitic stainless steel by 2-amino-5-ethyl-1, 3, 4-thiadiazole(TTD) compound and the electrochemical behaviour in dilute HCl solution were investigated through potentiodynamic polarization test, mass loss techniques and potential measurements. The results show that the organic derivative is highly effective with a maximum inhibition efficiency of 70.22% from mass loss analysis, while 74.2% is obtained from polarization tests. Observation of the scanning electron micrographs shows the absence of corrosion products due to electrochemical influence of TTD on the surface morphology of the steel. X-ray diffractometry reveals the absence of phase compounds and complexes on the steel samples after exposure. TTD adsorption on the steel surface obeys the Langmuir, Frumkin and Freundlich adsorption isotherms. Corrosion thermodynamic calculations reveal the inhibition mechanism occurs through chemisorption process and results from statistical analysis depict the strong influence of inhibitor concentration on the electrochemical performance of the TTD.     

Corrosion behavior of tempered dual-phase steel embedded in concrete

Dual-phase(DP) steels with different martensite contents were obtained by appropriate heat treatment of an SAE1010 structural carbon steel,which was cheap and widely used in the construction industry. The corrosion behavior of DP steels in con-crete was investigated under various tempering conditions. Intercritical annealing heat treatment was applied to the reinforcing steel to obtain DP steels with different contents of martensite. These DP steels were tempered at 200,300,and 400°C for 45 min and then coo...     

Effect of Aluminum Tri-polyphosphate on Corrosion Behavior of Reinforcing Steel in Seawater Prepared Coral Concrete

Atri-polyphosphate was used as a corrosion inhibitor in the seawater prepared coral concrete, and its influence on the corrosion behavior of carbon steel, 304 austenitic stainless steel, and 2205 duplex stainless steel was studied by the open-circuit potential, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and potentiodynamic polarization, respectively. The results reveal that the corrosion potential and impedance of the reinforcing steel increase, while the corrosion current density decreases with the content of aluminum tripolyphosphate in the coral concrete. A low content of the corrosion inhibitor significantly retards the corrosion of the two stainless steels, but it cannot effectively inhibit the corrosion of the carbon steel in the coral concrete.In general, the carbon steel is unsuitable for the coral concrete for its poor corrosion resistance. In contrast,the stainless steels, especially the 2205 duplex stainless steel, shows an excellent anti-corrosion property in the seawater prepared coral concrete containing a certain amount of inhibitor, which is one of the satisfactory candidate methods to build the long-life coral concrete constructions.     

酸化缓蚀剂对N80钢在盐酸溶液中的缓蚀性能

以喹啉和氯化苄为原料合成了一种母体缓蚀剂,与增效剂炔醇和分散剂复配,制得了一种有机含氮季铵盐型酸化缓蚀剂。采用静态挂片失重法和电化学方法考察了该缓蚀剂的缓蚀性能。结果表明,该缓蚀剂在质量分数为15%的盐酸溶液中,在温度为135℃时,对N80钢片具有良好的缓蚀性能。该缓蚀剂是一种以抑制阴极过程为主的混合型缓蚀剂,在铁表面的吸附符合Bockris- Swinkels吸附等温式。采用扫描电子显微镜分析了腐蚀前、后及加入缓蚀剂后N80钢的表面形态,探讨了缓蚀剂的缓蚀机理。结果证明,缓蚀剂有效地抑制了盐酸对N80钢的腐蚀。     

复合型缓蚀剂对碳钢缓蚀性能的研究

在实验室模拟茂名石化加压空冷器系统的腐蚀溶液,运用CMB-1510B便携式瞬时腐蚀速度测量仪评价了多硫化钠复合缓蚀剂的缓蚀性能。结果表明,多硫化钠复合缓蚀剂是一种应用于反应流出物空冷器腐蚀系统的优良缓蚀剂。多硫化钠与苯并三唑（BTA）复合时,缓蚀剂的添加量较小时,已表现出较好的缓蚀效果;BTA能在金属表面吸附成膜,阻止了去极化物质向金属表面迁移,减缓了金属的腐蚀速率。     

HC l溶液中酸性离子液体对Q 2 3 5钢的缓蚀作用

通过电化学测试研究了 N - ( 4 - 磺酸基丁基) 三乙基铵硫酸氢盐( [ ( CH2) 4S O3HT EA] [ HS O4] ) 酸性离子液体在2 5℃、 0. 5m o l / L的 HC l溶液中对 Q 2 3 5钢的缓蚀性能。结果表明, 该离子液体在一定的浓度范围内能够减缓 HC l溶液对 Q 2 3 5钢的腐蚀, 当离子液体的浓度为1 4mm o l / L时, 缓蚀效果最好。X射线光电子能谱( X P S) 表征结果表明, 在 Q 2 3 5钢表面离子液体能够形成吸附保护膜, 覆盖反应活性中心, 减缓 HC l溶液对 Q 2 3 5钢的腐蚀。     

模拟冷却水中几种缓蚀剂对不锈钢耐蚀性的影响

采用极化曲线、Mott-Schottky图和交流阻抗谱研究了不同缓蚀剂对316L不锈钢的缓蚀效果.极化曲线结果显示,模拟水中不锈钢的耐蚀性能随着温度的升高而不断降低,不锈钢的点蚀倾向增大.缓蚀剂可以提高不锈钢的点蚀电位,从Mott-Schottky图分析,缓蚀剂的加入降低了不锈钢表面钝化膜的载流子浓度.用于实验的6种缓蚀剂中,TB5和TB7显示出了较好的缓蚀性能.     

Effect of Acid Rain Erosion on Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete

Acid rain can deteriorate the performance of reinforced concrete structure.Combined with the characteristics of acid rain in China,the properties of steel fiber reinforced concrete subjected to acid rain were studied.The effects of steel fiber content and pH value of acid rain on the mass loss,erosion depth,neutralization depth,and splitting tensile strength of tested concrete were investigated.The mercury intrusion pore(MIP) test was used to analyze the influence of steel fiber on the acid rain resistance of concrete matrix.The results show that the corrosion of steel fiber reinforced concrete subjected to acid rain results from the combined effect of H~+ and SO_4~(2-) in the acid rain,and steel fiber can improve the acid rain resistance of the tested concrete by improving the pore structure and enhancing the tie effect of the concrete matrix.The experiment further indicates that the optimum content of steel fiber is 1.5%compared to the various mixing proportion in this tests.The tested concrete mass loss and splitting tensile strength decrease followed by increasing as a function of corrosion time when the pH value of the simulation solution is 3 or 4,while they decrease continuously in the simulation solution at pH 2.Thanks to the tie effect of steel fiber,the spalling of concrete matrix is significantly improved,and the erosion depth and neutralization depth are less than those of conventional concrete.     

碳钢在上海土壤中的腐蚀行为研究

采用电化学阻抗技术、极化曲线、光学显微镜、能谱仪和X射线衍射等技术,对接地极碳钢材料在上海土壤中的腐蚀电化学行为进行了研究.结果表明:在上海土壤环境中,碳钢的阻抗值随浸泡时间的延长出现先升高再平稳后上升的趋势,腐蚀电流密度降低;碳钢表面形成的腐蚀产物膜,以及阴极氧扩散过程控制的共同作用降低了腐蚀速率;碳钢腐蚀主要以全面腐蚀为主,还伴有微生物腐蚀现象,腐蚀产物膜主要由Fe2O3组成;接地极碳钢材料在上海土壤环境中的耐腐蚀性能为良.     

碳钢电极在Al_2O_3纳米流体中的腐蚀行为研究

采用电化学阻抗谱和极化曲线研究了碳钢电极在以模拟冷却水为基液的Al_2O_3纳米流体中的腐蚀行为.实验结果表明,Al_2O_3纳米颗粒对碳钢的腐蚀有一定的抑制作用;Al_2O_3纳米流体中碳钢电极的耐蚀性能随着温度的升高而降低,添加分散剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)对碳钢也有一定的缓蚀作用,当SDBS的用量超过一定值时,对碳钢的缓蚀性能开始下降.