MDI生产技术及市场分析

综述了国内外4,4’二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)的工艺技术、生产及市场供需现状。2004年世界MDI的产能为310.5万t/a,需求为297.9万t;亚洲MDI的产能为58.5万t/a,需求为75.0万t;国内2004年MDI的需求为28.9万t,而产能还不足10万t/a。预计到2010年我国MDI产品才有可能达到供需平衡。     

国内外甲乙酮的市场分析

分析了国内外甲乙酮的生产消费现状及发展前景。2010年,全世界甲乙酮的总生产能力约为154.3万t/a,消费量约为110.0万t。2011年我国甲乙酮的总生产能力为47.0万t/a,预计2015年需求量将达到约39.0万t,产能可以满足国内需求。提出了今后我国发展甲乙酮生产的建议。     

甲乙酮生产技术及市场分析

介绍国内外甲乙酮生产技术及发展,并对国内外的生产现状和市场需求进行分析。2004年全球甲乙酮产能约130万t/a,总需求量约为100万t/a。截至2005年上半年,我国甲乙酮的总生产能力约为21万t/a;预计2007年我国甲乙酮的总生产能力将达30·0万t/a,总需求量将达到约29·0万t,2010年产能将达35·0万t/a,需求将达到34·5万t。     

醋酸乙烯生产技术进展及国内外市场分析

介绍了醋酸乙烯的生产工艺及其研究进展,分析了国内外醋酸乙烯的生产消费现状及发展前景。2009年世界醋酸乙烯的总生产能力为685.0万t/a,2008年需求量为515.0万t,预计到2012年需求量将达到约590.0万t。2009年,我国醋酸乙烯的总生产能力为158.3万t/a,消费量约为160.6万t,预计2013年总生产能力将达到约280.0万t/a,消费量将达到约200.0万t,产能完全能够满足实际生产的需求。     

我国聚酯工业丝发展现状

<正>我国聚酯工业丝现已成为一个受世人瞩目的行业,其发展经历了起步阶段(1984～1990年)、发展阶段(1991～2000年)、高速扩容阶段(2001～2005年)。2002年,我国聚酯工业丝产能只有4～5万t/a,到2006年产能达到41.2万t/a,产量约30万t,需求约为29.2万t(含出口量);2007年,聚酯工业丝产能将达到51.8万t/a以上,预计产量39万t,需求约为37.4万t,短期内聚酯工业丝略供过于求。     

塑料助剂产业前景看好（一）

简要介绍我国塑料助剂行业的发展现状及趋势,即增长速度加快和环保压力加大,因此应调整产品结构、加快新产品的研发工作。2005年和2006年我国塑料制品消耗各种助剂分别为204·18万t和235万t,预计2007年将超过250万t。着重分析了增塑剂的生产和市场现状及今后行业发展的重点课题,2006年我国增塑剂的产能和产量分别为204万t/a、101万t,预计2007年的产能为234万t/a。     

国内外偏苯三酸酐市场供需分析和预测

2002年全球偏苯三酸酐的生产能力为20.3万t/a,我国的产能为1.7万t/a,全球的消费量约14万t。分析了国内外偏苯三酸酐的市场供需状况,并对我国今后几年的需求进行了分析和预测。     

我国加快聚碳酸酯发展

正我国聚碳酸酯(PC)需求较大,且以每年8%到12%的速度快速增长。我国是PC的净进口国,化工在线统计,2015年国内PC的表观消费量约165.5万t,进口量为142.7万t,出口量为21.1万t,自给率不到三成。随着科思创在2016年10月将上海PC产能翻倍至40万t/年以及年底鲁西化工一期项目投产,2016年底,我国PC产能近90万t/年。中国PC产     

我国季戊四醇的生产及市场分析

分析了我国季戊四醇的生产及市场现状和发展前景。2014年我国季戊四醇的总生产能力为49.8万t/a,表观消费量约为17.92万t,预计到2018年需求量将达到22.0万~23.0万t。提出了今后的发展建议。     

塑料市场

<正>中国PC产能将迎集中释放期进口量稳中有降我国聚碳酸酯(PC)需求较大,且以每年8%~12%的速度快速增长。我国是PC的净进口国,据统计,2015年国内PC的表观消费量约165.5万t,进口量为142.7万t,出口量为21.1万t,自给率不到三成。随着科思创在2016年10月将上海PC产能翻倍至40万t/a以及年底鲁西化工一期项目投产,2016年底,我国PC产     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

ICP-MS法测定地球化学样品中As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量痕量元素的研究

建立了测定地球化学样品中包括As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量、痕量元素的ICP-MS方法。地化试样用HF-HNO3混酸分解后,以1 1 HNO3溶解干渣。由于制样不使用盐酸,避免了Cl对As、Cr、Ge、V的质谱干扰。用国家一级地球化学标准物质GBW 07309制备溶液优化仪器工作参数,并用于校准。方法测定限(6s)为:0.007~6.4μg/g,精密度(RSD%,n=12)为:29%~9.4%,经过国家一级地球化学标准物质的分析验证,结果与标准值吻合。方法已应用于国土资源调查的试样分析。     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

基于ATRP法制备的触角状亲水性羟胺树脂的吸硼性能的研究

以大分子引发剂氯乙酰化聚苯乙烯微球(PS-acyl-Cl)经原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP)法引发丙烯酰胺(AM)和甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)单体的共聚接枝,制得一种触角状亲水性环氧载体(PS-acyl-g-P(AM-co-GMA)),再经二乙醇胺(DEA)的环氧基开环胺化反应,得到一种含多个-NCH2CH2OH螯合配基的多齿-五元螯合环的触角状亲水性羟胺树脂(PS-acyl-g-P(AM-co-GMA)-DEA)。将此树脂用于硼吸附研究,结果表明,PS-acyl-g-P(AM-co-GMA)-DEA树脂对硼的吸附满足Langmuir方程,为单分子层吸附;饱和吸附量约为37.7 mg·g-1,且树脂5 min即可达到吸附平衡,与其它已报道的吸硼树脂相比,该树脂具有更高的吸附量和吸硼速率。吸附动力学研究表明,树脂吸附硼的过程主要由颗粒扩散过程控制。重复使用5次后该树脂的吸附量基本不变,解吸率均在90%以上,重复使用性能良好。