An Experiment in Small-Scale Application Software Engineering

This paper reports the results of an experiment in applying large-scale software engineering procedures to small software projects. Two USC student teams developed a small, interactive application software product to the same specification, one using Fortran and one using Pascal. Several hypotheses were tested, and extensive experimenal data collected. The major conclusions were as follows.     

软件性能工程方法在交互式软件开发中的应用

在诸多交互式软件系统中,包括软件开发工具及基于万维网的工具,性能问题是至关重要的.然而在软件开发过程中,性能问题并未得到足够的重视.主要目的是展示一种有效方法, 使得经过细致设计后交互式软件有满意的性能.展示如何应用软件性能工程方法于交互式软件工具开发中,特别注重在设计阶段的性能估算及其在决定实现方案时之效果.除了源于软件性能工程的严格的量化估算方法,提出性能亦可半量化或非量化方法进行有效而经济的估算. 基于结果的描述,最终建议为源于软件性能工程方法学中苛求采用系统环境参数进行细化定量性能估算未必是惟一手段.演示了在软件工具开发早期阶段中一种用以评估性能的基于分析和实验的有效综合途经.希望能反映出了良好的实验计算机科学之本质.     

Human Factors in Software Engineering

Software engineering is an effort to reduce the cost of producing software by raising programming productivity and lowering maintenance effort and to increase the benefits of software by extending application areas and improving service. Human factors considerations can have a major impact on the software development process and the quality of the software produced. High-level languages have increased programmer productivity by removing from the programmer the burden of remembering what values are in what register and placing it on a software system which is much more suited to managing detail. Other programming methodologies and tools have been developed to reduce the cost of producing software: design methodologies, structured programming, chief programmer teams, disciplined coding conventions, etc. The efficacy of these software aids has been demonstrated mostly by case studies. The articles in this issue of Computer analyze some of these methodologies and tools from a human factors viewpoint, using the tools of human factors engineering to determine if the use of a particular aid increases programming performance or the quality of the resulting software.     

An Interactive Manager for Pascal Software

An interactive facility for development and maintenance of Pascal programs is described. Features include interactive addition, deletion and modification of modules, independentcompilation of groups of procedures, and automatic recompilation of an entire program only if global declarations are modified. The implementation required modification of a Pascal compiler to process an arbitrary number of programs in a single run and to compile correctly if the main program is missing. Overall processing is managed by a parameterized control statement procedure that invokes several system utilities. The facility has been used successfully in instructional and research computing situations. Significant remaining problems are errors caused by mismatched parameters between independently compiled procedures, and interpretation by users of error messages generated by system utilities.     

《GIS软件工程》实验模式研究

GIS软件工程实验是《GIS软件工程》教学过程中的重要环节,分析《GIS软件工程》的特点,结合在教学实验过程中具体的问题,提出基于柔性案例的GIS软件工程实验模式,并从柔性案例的选择、柔点的选择设置方法、实验过程等方面,分别展开描述,对实验实施中的优缺点进行总结。     

《软件工程》实验课程改革与实践

《软件工程》课程涵盖了软件开发的全过程,为将计算机专业的学生培养成高层次的IT人才,提供了理论依据和借鉴,实验课在《软件工程》课程体系中所占的位置尤为重要。通过分析《软件工程》实验课程的重要作用,详细阐述实验课程设计的方法和实施过程,说明《软件工程》实验改革具有重大意义。     

虚拟软件在人机工程领域的应用

本文通过介绍JACK软件的基本原理和其三个分析功能及应用.     

一种有效的软件测试工程化方法

合适的软件测试方法可以明显提高软件测试的质量和效率。该文以POCERM软件测试过程模型为基础,结合一个实际测试项目,阐述了一种有效的软件测试工程化方法。     

从交互情景出发的需求捕获方法及其支撑工具

需求捕获是需求工程中的重要问题.文中结合情景和问题框架方法,提出一个从交互情景出发的需求捕获方法.其特点是:(1)对问题领域以及软件系统与问题领域间的交互进行分类,以捕获深层需求信息;(2)将情景定义为产生有意义问题领域变化的交互序列,引人交互情景约束,以捕获隐式需求信息.文中构建了支持这个方法的需求描述元模型,提出以...     

面向新工科的软件工程专业实践教学模式的探索

分析了新形势下对新工科人才培养的诉求,以地方高校、民办高校的软件工程专业办学为例,针对学生实践能力培养问题,设立学生实践能力与培养目标的对应关系表,构建工程实践能力培养台阶式路径,研制产教协同的实践教学资源池,建立实践教学考核新方式,形成实践教学模式。实践证明,该模式成效良好。     

一个集成的软件可靠性工程环境

针对软件可靠性工程实施中发现的核心问题,本文介绍了我们在软件可靠性关键技术上取得的突破,以及以此为支撑的集成环境SREE。该系统依托Eclipse,支持软件可靠性工程的关键活动：使用模型生成和构建、软件可靠性测试、软件可靠性评估和预测以及软件开发过程中可靠性的跟踪分析等。     

一种改进的软件工程需求建模框架

软件需求建模是软件工程中一个非常重要的环节,同时也是一个非常困难的环节.在统一建模语言UML的基础上,文章提出一种改进的软件工程需求建模框架,在此框架中,引入任务陈述和功能求精树的技术来确定用例,并给出了一个新的用例描述模板.开发人员利用该框架能够更详尽、更精确地获取软件系统的功能需求,并且利用该框架建立的高层次需求模型也比较容易细化为更详细的软件规格说明.     

一种改进的软件工程需求建模框架

在统一建模语言(Unified Modeling Language,UML)的基础上,提出了一种改进的软件工程需求建模框架。在此框架中,引入任务陈述和功能求精树的技术来确定用例,并给出了一种新的用例描述模板,开发人员利用此框架能够更详尽、更精确地获取软件工程的需求。     

一种改进的软件工程需求建模框架

软件需求建模是软件工程中一个非常重要的环节，同时也是一个非常困难的环节。在统一建模语言UML的基础上，文章提出一种改进的软件工程需求建模框架，在此框架中，引入任务陈述和功能求精树的技术来确定用例，并给出了一个新的用例描述模板。开发人员利用该框架能够更详尽、更精确地获取软件系统的功能需求，并且利用该框架建立的高层次需求模型也比较容易细化为更详细的软件规格说明。     

人机交互系统软件设计

本文在计算机用户分类模型的基础上,提出了设计人权交互系统的七项基本原则,并以“计算机导购系统”作为上述设计原则的载体与综合运用的对象。充分体现出这个人性化、智能化的人机交互界面“一看就懂、一用就会”的特点。     

Interactive Explanation of Software Systems

This paper describes an effort to provide automated support for the interactive inquiry and explanation process that is at the heart of software understanding. A hypermedia tool called I-Doc allows software engineers to post queries about a software system, and generates focused explanations in response. These explanations are task oriented, i.e., they are sensitive to the software engineering task being performed by the user that led to the query. Task orientation leads to more effective explanations, and is particularly helpful for understanding large software systems. Empirical studies of inquiry episodes were conducted in order to investigate this claim: the kinds of questions users ask, their relation to the user's task and level of expertise. The I-Doc tool is being developed to embody these principles, employing knowledge-based techniques. The presentation mechanism employs World Wide Web (WWW) technology, making it suitable for widespread use.