表面改质技术

表面改性在陶瓷钎焊和扩散焊领域中的应用；超音速微粒高能轰击16MnR钢表面纳米化的研究；不同基材和涂层激光重熔表面改性的研究现状与进展；TC4钛合金激光熔覆TiC＋M涂层组织和耐磨性能研究；CeO2对激光熔覆Ni基合金涂层组织与性能的影响；Ti6A14V表面激光熔覆NiCrBSi＋B4C涂层的组织结构；等离子激光复合熔积高温合金粉末的工艺研究；激光熔覆生物陶瓷涂层和界面的研究。[编者按]     

钛合金表面激光熔覆Metco45C涂层的组织研究

对钛合金表面激光熔覆Metco45C涂层的组织进行了研究。结果表明，激光熔覆区在微观结构上分为熔覆层、熔化区和热影响区。熔覆层组织为细的枝晶状组织；熔化区为树枝状和颗粒状组织。钛合金表面激光熔覆Metco45C可以实现涂层与基体之间良好的冶金结合。     

齿轮钢表面激光熔覆Ni基涂层工艺参数优化

采用激光熔覆技术在18CrNiMo7-6齿轮钢表面制备Ni基涂层，研究激光功率、扫描速度和送粉率对Ni基涂层熔覆质量和微观组织的影响，建立激光熔覆工艺参数与涂层宏观尺寸、微观组织和显微硬度之间的关系。结果表明，随着激光功率的增大，涂层的熔高、熔宽、熔深增大，微观组织细化，显微硬度增大；随着扫描速度的增大，涂层熔高、熔宽、熔深减小，微观组织粗化，显微硬度减小；随着送粉率的增大，涂层的熔高增大，熔宽先增大后减小，熔深减小，涂层微观组织细化，显微硬度增大。以涂层宏观形貌、微观组织结构和显微硬度为涂层质量评估指标，优选得到的最佳工艺参数为：激光功率700 W,扫描速度2 mm/s,送粉率11.1 g/min。     

表面强化及改质技术

激光熔覆纳米Sm2O2颗粒增强Ni基合金涂层；CMT法30CrMnSi钢板表面熔敷CuSi3接头组织结构特征；铁547B合金热喷熔技术的应用研究；2Cr13/45钢电弧离子镀层耐腐蚀性研究；等离子束表面冶金多道搭接层的组织与性能；     

氩弧反应熔覆TiC／Ni复合涂层的组织与性能研究

利用氩弧熔覆技术，以Ni60自熔合金粉、钛粉和石墨粉为原料，在45#钢表面原位反应合成了以TiC颗粒为增强相的Ni基复合涂层。利用金相、SEM、XRD等技术分析了涂层的显微组织，利用显微硬度仪测试了熔覆层显微硬度，用自制磨损试验机对比了熔覆层与淬火回火65Mn钢的耐磨性。结果表明，熔覆层成形良好，无裂纹、气孔等缺陷，与基体呈冶金结合；熔覆层的组织为γ—Ni奥氏体枝晶、CrB、TiB2、Cr23C6、Fe23C6及反应合成的弥散分布的球状TiC陶瓷颗粒；熔覆层显微硬度呈梯度分布，且越靠近基体表面，硬度越低；熔覆层具有优良的耐磨性能。     

表面改质技术

热作模具钢表面激光熔覆StelliteX-40钴基合金；激光熔覆Zr65Al7.5Ni10Cu17.5复涂层组织结；40Cr钢镀铬后等离子弧处理工艺及组织研究；AZ91D镁合金表面热扩散渗锌膜层研究;钢带真空电子束表面镀铜工艺的分析与应用；无压熔渗制备SiCp／Al复合材料的界面改性研究进展。     

稀土对激光熔覆WC／Ni-P涂层微磨料磨损性能的影响

利用激光熔覆技术在45钢表面制备了WC/NNi-P复合椽层．在Plint TE-66微磨料磨损试验机上进行了磨损试验，研兜了不同稀土含量(CeO2)以及不同粒度WC粉末对涂层熔覆性能、硬度和磨损性能的影响。研究结果表明：稀土的适当加入船移使熔覆时熔体的流动性显著提高．使其气孔率降低，表面平整，能显著提高熔覆层的熔覆性能。随稀土含量增加，涂层组织细化；WC颗粒的加入提高了涂层的显微硬度和耐磨性。在微磨料磨损过程中馀层表面Ni-P基质优先于WC颗粒被磨去，导致WC颗粒从基质中凸起，最后WC颗粒失去基质支撑在磨料的作用下从涂层中脱落。     

激光熔覆Cu/WCP复合涂层

采用激光熔覆表面改性方法，在45号钢基体上表面熔覆Cu/WCp复合涂层。试验研究了WC含量对熔覆复合涂层的组织特点和耐摩擦磨损性能的影响规律。研究结果表明，通过调整WC的加入量可获得α-Cu固溶体＋WC双相组织，当WC的加入量超过30％时，熔覆层中出现小圆点状的WC颗粒，表明WC有一定程度的熔化和熔解；Cu/WCp复合熔覆层与基体金属之间存在过渡区，其组织为钢基体＋WC混合组织。采用40Cr磨轮对Cu/WCp熔覆层进行摩擦磨损试验，结果表明，WC加入量为10％时，摩擦系数与磨损量最小；采用硬质合金磨轮进行磨损试验，当WC加入量为30％时，摩擦系数最小，而加入量为10％，磨损量较小。     

纳米复合陶瓷涂层激光熔覆后的组织与耐磨性能

研究了45#钢表面激光熔覆纳米A12O3复合陶瓷涂层的微观组织结构、显微硬度和磨损特性。结果表明，激光熔覆层由α-A12O3和TiO2以及A12O3纳米颗粒组成，在激光的作用下，消除了原来等离子喷涂层的片层状组织；纳米颗粒仍然保持纳米尺度，填充在涂层的大颗粒之间，起着桥连的作用；同时涂层气孔率的降低使涂层致密化程度得以提高，纳米A12O3涂层的显微硬度较高，且其耐磨性能明显优于等离子A12O3 13％TiO2喷涂层。     

表面强化及改质技术

同步送粉等离子束表面冶金合金化涂层的凝固组织特性及形成机理；激光熔覆Co＋Cr3C2复合涂层的组织与性能；等离子熔-喷WC-17％Co涂层的组织结构（Ⅰ）；激光熔铸多壁纳米碳管增强铝基复合材料；激光熔覆制备Fe-Al金属间化合物覆层.     

Electrodeposition of zinc on AZ91D magnesium alloy pre‐treated by stannate conversion coatings

A stannate chemical conversion process followed by an activation procedure was employed as the pre‐treatment process for AZ91D magnesium alloy substrate. Zn was electroplated onto the pre‐treated AZ91D magnesium alloy surface from pyrophosphate bath to improve the corrosion resistance and the solderability. The surface morphologies of conversion coating and zinc coating were examined with scanning electron microscope (SEM). The phase composition of conversion coating was investigated by X‐ray diffraction (XRD). The electrochemical corrosion behavior of the coatings in the corrosive solution was investigated by potentiodynamic polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The experimental results showed that the activated stannate chemical conversion coating provided a suitable interface between zinc coating and the AZ91D magnesium alloy substrate. The corrosion resistance of the AZ91D substrate was improved by the zinc coating.     

Preparation and characterization of inorganic and organic coatings on AZ91D magnesium alloy with electroless plating pretreatment

In this paper, a protective coating scheme was applied for the corrosion protection of AZ91D magnesium alloy. Electroless Ni coating (EN coating) as bottom layer, electrodeposited Ni coating (ENN coating), and silane‐based coating (ENS coating) as top layer, respectively, were successfully prepared on AZ91D magnesium alloy by combination techniques. Scanning electron microscopy and X‐ray diffraction were employed to investigate the surface and phase structure of coatings, respectively. The electrochemical corrosion behaviors of coatings in neutral 3.5 wt% NaCl solution were evaluated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization techniques. The corrosion testing showed that the three kinds of coatings all could provide corrosion protection for AZ91D magnesium alloy to a certain extent, and the corrosion resistance of ENN and ENS was superior to EN. In order to further study the corrosion protection properties of ENN and ENS, a comparative investigation on the evolution of EIS of ENN and ENS was carried out by dint of immersion test in neutral 3.5 wt% NaCl solution. The results indicated that, compared with ENN, the ENS could provide longer corrosion protection for AZ91D magnesium alloy. It is significant to determine the barrier effect of each coating, which could provide reference for industry applications.     

镁合金等离子喷涂Al/Al_2O_3涂层的耐腐蚀性能

采用等离子喷涂技术在AZ31镁合金表面制备Al/Al_2O_3复合涂层,测试了镁合金及表面喷涂有Al/Al_2O_3复合涂层的镁合金试样的极化曲线,研究了没有涂层、经封孔处理和未经封孔处理的喷涂有复合涂层的镁合金三种试样在浸泡腐蚀和5%NaCl盐雾腐蚀情况下的耐腐蚀性能及其腐蚀行为.结果表明,经封孔处理的Al/Al_2O_3复合涂层镁合金试样在上述腐蚀条件下的耐腐蚀性均优于镁合金和涂层未封孔处理的试样,在浸泡试验中未封孔处理的涂层试样比镁合金腐蚀更加严重,在盐雾试验中却优于镁合金.     

AZ91镁合金表面电化学沉积羟基磷灰石涂层的制备及其耐蚀性

采用电化学沉积方法在AZ91镁合金表面制备了羟基磷灰石(HA)涂层,研究了电沉积工艺参数对羟基磷灰石涂层形貌和相组成的影响,并通过腐蚀浸泡试验、极化曲线测试等方法对该涂层的耐蚀性进行了研究。结果表明:当溶液pH为4.5,温度为60℃时,涂层的致密性最好,呈放射状的结构,主要成分为HA相,涂层的厚度约为60~70μm,与基体结合较好;HA涂层对镁合金基体具有较好的保护作用,显著提高了基体合金在生理溶液中的耐蚀性。     

微弧表面处理对AZ31B镁合金耐腐蚀及耐腐蚀疲劳性能的影响

采用微弧表面处理技术(微弧氧化MAO和微弧复合MCC)在AZ31B镁合金基体上制备出不同断面结构的防护涂层。通过电化学腐蚀及腐蚀疲劳测试方法,研究了MAO、MCC涂层的电化学腐蚀及腐蚀疲劳性能。结果表明,生长10 min的MAO涂层具有较好的耐电化学腐蚀性能。MAO涂层表面存在微孔和微裂纹,在应力条件下微孔和微裂纹作为疲劳断裂的裂纹萌生点,可加速裂纹的萌生与扩展,使其腐蚀疲劳寿命相较AZ31B合金基体降低了55%。而具有MCC涂层的AZ31B合金试样腐蚀疲劳极限为(64.0±5.4) MPa,比AZ31B合金基体提高了59%。在低应力载荷下(＜80 MPa),微弧复合涂层试样的腐蚀疲劳强度得到明显提高。     

Electrodeposition and corrosion resistance of Ni–P–TiN composite coating on AZ91D magnesium alloy

In order to improve the corrosion resistance and microhardness of AZ91D magnesium alloy, TiN nanoparticles were added to fabricate Ni–P–TiN composite coating by electrodeposition. The surface, cross-section morphology and composition were examined using SEM, EDS and XRD, and the corrosion resistance was checked by electrochemical technology. The results indicate that TiN nanoparticles were doped successfully in the Ni–P matrix after a series of complex pretreatments including activation, zinc immersion and pre-electroplating, which enhances the stability of magnesium alloy in electrolyte and the adhesion between magnesium alloy and composite coating. The microhardness of the Ni–P coating increases dramatically by adding TiN nanoparticles and subsequent heat treatment. The corrosion experimental results indicate that the corrosion resistance of Ni–P–TiN composite coating is much higher than that of uncoated AZ91D magnesium alloy and similar with Ni–P coating in short immersion time. However, TiN nanoparticles play a significant role in long-term corrosion resistance of composite coatings.     

Formation of an aluminum-alloyed coating on AZ91D magnesium alloy in molten salts at lower temperature

An aluminum-alloyed coating was formed on an AZ91D magnesium alloy in molten salts containing AlCl₃ at a lower temperature of 380 °C. The microstructure and phase constitution of the alloyed layer were investigated by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrum and X-ray diffraction. The nano-hardness of the coating was studied by nanoindentation associated with scanning probe microscopy. The corrosion resistance of the coated specimen was evaluated in a 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cyclic potentiodynamic polarization. The results show that the aluminum-alloyed coating consists of Mg₂Al₃ and Mg₁₇Al₁₂ intermetallic layers. The formation of the coating is dictated by the negative standard free energy of the reaction: 2AlCl₃ + 3 Mg = 3MgCl₂ + 2Al. This process is associated with a displacement reaction mechanism and diffusion process that takes place during the molten salt treatment. High activity of Al elements in molten salts contributes to the lower temperature formation of the Al-alloyed coating. The alloyed coating markedly improves the hardness as well as the corrosion resistance of the alloy in comparison with the untreated AZ91D magnesium alloy, which is attributed to the formation of the intermetallic compounds.     

镁合金表面等离子喷涂Al2O3-TiO2陶瓷涂层的耐腐蚀性研究

采用等离子喷涂技术在AZ31镁合金表面制备Al2O3-13％TiO2陶瓷复合涂层,对涂层的微观组织进行了观察分析,测试了涂层的表面硬度.通过极化曲线和浸泡腐蚀试验,对比研究了镁合金基材及喷涂陶瓷涂层的试样在5％ NaCl溶液中的耐腐蚀性能.结果表明:涂层镁合金试样的硬度和耐腐蚀性优于基体镁合金,但当腐蚀液透过涂层孔隙时...     

Microstructure and corrosion property of AZ61 magnesium alloy by electromagnetic stirring

The influence of permanent-magnet-driven stirring during solidification on the microstructure and corrosion property of AZ61 magnesium alloy was investigated. The corrosion behaviour of AZ61 was studied in 3.5mol/L NaCI by measuring electrochemical polarization. The results show that the permanent-magnet stirring refines the microstructure of AZ61 magnesium alloy, which improves the precipitation amount and distribution uniformity of β phase and decreases the content of hydrogen, but it has less influence on the distribution uniformity of Zn. The change of precipitation amount of β phase influences the corrosive nature of the matrix, and it has no direct proportion with the corrosion resistance of the matrix.     

一步电沉积Ca-P/CTS复合涂层的制备及其耐蚀性

通过一步电沉积法在AZ31镁合金基体表面上沉积钙磷/壳聚糖(Ca-P/CTS)复合涂层,通过共聚焦显微镜(CLSM)、扫描电镜(SEM)和红外光谱分析仪(FT-IR)对Ca-P/CTS复合涂层的形貌、结构以及成分进行分析,采用电化学测试研究了其耐蚀性。结果表明:Ca-P/CTS复合涂层能够有效提高AZ31镁合金基体的耐蚀性,当壳聚糖的质量浓度为0.2g/L时,复合涂层的耐蚀性最好。