数往知来、守正创新：从江汉平原管窥中国 城市八景的保护与更新

城市八景在幅员辽阔的国土空间中有大量的物质与 非物质文化遗存，然而其保护与更新在理论上鲜有论及，实践 上则五花八门。基于此，立足“守正创新”视野，以时间为线 索、以江汉平原为例，围绕历史上城市八景的保护与更新、 当代遗产体系中城市八景的保护、当代非遗产类城市八景的保 护与更新3个方面的实践经验进行考察，提出：1)顺变型是中 国历史上城市八景“守正创新”的主流；2)我国自然与文化 遗产保护体系是城市八景“守正”传承的重要基石；3)保护 性更新、新八景评选中的新旧并存、发掘八景中的非遗内涵是 “守正创新”正道等的经验总结。以此拓展对八景保护与更新 的认识，并丰富我国风景园林遗产学科的内涵。     

Bennett house: Aboriginal heritage as real estate in East Perth

Abstract

As the mansions materialised in refurbished East Perth on the Swan River, a battle between the East Perth Redevelopment Authority and Perth's indigenous community over a land swap culminated in demolition of a heritage building significant to the Stolen Generations. This case study unravels the complex relations and practices underpinning Bennett House's demolition, resonant of other planning decisions involving Aboriginal sites in Western Australia.     

Away from Wadjelas: The Significance of Urban Place for the Tkalka Boorda Aboriginal Community

Tkalka Boorda is a small Aboriginal community reserve located on the fringes of the town of Port Hedland on Western Australia's north-west coast. This paper explores why the residents choose to live in this urban enclave environment and it identifies the issues that concern them. In doing so it seeks to provide an indigenous community perspective on Aboriginal needs and aspirations of relevance to urban and regional policy, planning and implementation.     

A New Step for a Sustainable and Balanced Urban Policy in Asian Living Historic City Conservation: The Case of Qufu,China

Taking the case of Qufu(birthplace of Confucius), China, a world cultural heritage site and a Chinese living historic city, the author analyses the current situation/issues of culture heritage assessment and the planning of urban conservation, renewal and development. The objective of this article is to explore related issues to generate guidance for selecting appropriate methodologies(strategies) and principles(tools/planning/tasks/action) to assess cultural heritage values and cultural signifi cance in the Asian living historic city context as part of an integrated culture-oriented development planning. The author calls for the necessity of an interdisciplinary approach to realize such development planning, with the participation of researchers and specialists from interdisciplinary areas: city planning, transportation, housing, territory studies, tourism, cultural heritage preservation, history, sociology, economy, archaeology, architecture, anthropology, museum studies, art/aesthetic studies, etc., for a new step in a sustainable and balanced urban policy.     

城市历史文化环境特色的保护与再生——汉城城市传统文化环境保护研究与实践的考察

结合汉城的城市历史沿革 ,分析了其 1 990年代以后城市发展过程中的民族文化特色的引导与塑造问题 ;并且总结出韩国汉城城市传统文化环境保护研究与实践之中 ,关于自然生态环境和历史文化遗迹的复合性保护与恢复、民族文化活动的保护与研究和城市历史文化环境的再生、城市标志性景观和天际线的控制与保护三方面的特点。     

URBAN REGIMES AND NEIGHBORHOOD MOBILIZATION AGAINST URBAN REDEVELOPMENT: The Case of an Arab-Jewish Neighborhood in Israel

ABSTRACT: This study deals with the effects of an urban bureaucratic regime on urban development and neighborhood mobilization. It examines the sociospatial transformations in an Arab-Jewish neighborhood in a major city in Israel. During the period of 1948–1990, the neighborhood experienced population turnover, planned deterioration and decline, and subsequent renewal and gentrification. The paper deals with the factors which shaped those policies and processes. the author argues that the political economy of Israel contributed to the emergence of a bureaucratic urban regime which effectively drove off all private entrepreneurial involvement in the area's development process. It is also shown that the inherent features of the bureaucratic regime facilitated community mobilization opposing development plans and made the governing agencies vulnerable to citizens' protests and court rulings.     

Commercial Gentrification and Entrepreneurial Governance in Shanghai: A Case Study of Taikang Road Creative Cluster

Commercial gentrification—based on the adaptive reuse of historic dwellings for upscale shopping, dining and culture—is emerging as a new model of neighbourhood regeneration in China. Through an analysis of Shanghai's urban restructuring and a case study of Taikang Road Creative Cluster, this article demonstrates that entrepreneurial local government is a key facilitator. Conscious of the synergistic value of restored urban heritage with conspicuous consumption, tourism and even the creative industries, local officials have utilised their urban planning authority to open up urban heritage to a host of gentrifiers including businesses, artists and creative firms. In terms of social outcomes, some local residents have capitalised on inflated property values and gained the opportunity to move out of poverty. Nevertheless, socially exclusive outcomes have also been evident, as commercialisation eroded the living environment of rural migrants and other poor residents.     

Reading the Phone Book: Cultural landscape myths in public art

Representations provide an accessible and challenging means of investigating the cultural landscape. While on the one hand images can be read as simple depictions or denotations of landscape, on the other they are rich in meaning, encapsulating a community's idealized vision of itself. The way in which a particular body of popular art—New Zealand's telephone book covers—conveys both 'real' and 'imagined' views of landscape is explored. These images privilege certain ideas about identity, with the selective visual language expressing a range of myths about the relationships between culture and landscape. The populist nature of these works holds a mirror up to society's values, and at the same time projects these ideals onto society, through the high public profile of the images.     

作为共享城市景观的滨水工业遗产改造策略——以苏州河为例

滨水工业遗产既是遗产,也是城市景观。从滨水工业遗产的空间形态出发,探讨城市景观的共享性,提出滨水工业遗产改造的3个特征和共享的5个特性。对上海苏州河两岸工业遗产更新案例进行分析,认为其共享性有待提升。并指出以共享为导向的滨水工业遗产改造,将对城市景观的发展做出新的引领和呈现     

The myth of informal place-making: stitching and unstitching Atarim Square in Tel Aviv

The metaphor of stitching/unstitching can be applied to the mechanism employed by authorities, professionals and users alike—each for a different purpose and under different circumstances—for appropriating the urban space. It views the urban space as a socio-political arena that involves ongoing negotiation. The metaphor is used in this paper to debate some basic premises of architectural discourse of the everyday. Analysis of Atarim Square on Tel Aviv's shoreline—focusing on three periods: the 1930s, 1960s and the 1990s—reveals ongoing and often simultaneous processes of ‘stitching and unstitching’. The key contention here is that formal (official and professional) spatial processes are not necessarily limiting, just as informal processes (personal and communal) are not always liberating, and that both are endemic to the socio-political construct of the everyday.     

The lost history of urban renewal

Contrary to common understanding, the US government's policy of “urban renewal” was conceived as an alternative policy to slum clearance. Bitterly opposed to public housing, conservative housing‐industry trade associations sought a way to reform the urban redevelopment formula of clearance and public housing established in the Housing Act of 1949. In the early 1950s, the industry groups seized on citizens' neighborhood fix‐up efforts, particularly the Baltimore Plan, to conduct a national campaign to popularize code enforcement, rehabilitation, and private low‐cost housing development as methods to restore and stabilize city neighborhoods. At conferences organized by House and Home magazine and in the President's Advisory Committee on Government Housing Policies and Programs, the housing industry associations fashioned policies, now named “urban renewal,” which were codified in the Housing Act of 1954. But private industry's venture in urban policymaking failed in implementation. Home builders proved reluctant to participate in the new programs, public housing hung on, and hundreds of thousands of homes fell to the wrecking ball. As urban renewal became synonymous with slum clearance, neighborhoods continued to decline. In the end, ironically, housing rehabilitation reemerged as a populist tool for reviving the inner city.     

“Watchful Wandering”

Abstract

Through close readings of John Ruskin's notebooks and diaries (related to The Stones of Venice) and the city itself, this paper explores his “watchful wandering”—as he characterized it—as a mode of urban experience and analysis, and that connected vision wherein the concrete fragment emblematizes the whole. Within a long history of ambulatory urban contemplation and journeyings, the paper locates Ruskin at the cusp of the pre- and early modern, exposing thereby a tension between the ethical and the aesthetic; between Ruskin's threefold vision—imbricating the romantic, scientific, and symbolic—and the blasé detachment of the urban flâneur.     

重拾李格尔：工业景观的历史价值与年代 价值之辨

近半个世纪,工业景观进入文化遗产范畴并在经济 与人口压力下成为城市更新的常态发展点,但工业遗产框架的 价值定义及保护原则与其本体特征、存量更新语境条件存在不 适配。基于李格尔的文物价值理论阐释工业景观的年代价值, 辨析其与历史价值的关系,从而拓展工业景观遗存保护与再利 用关系的认知维度,强调环境氛围的特殊重要性,形成关于更 新实践认识、路线、方法的理论引导,有助于工业景观的整体 性价值发掘、地方文脉的传承和发展。     

基于"以文化人"理念的工科专业人才艺术修养提升的实践与探索

"以文化人"理念在推动社会主义核心价值观教育过程中发挥着重要作用。大学生艺术修养的提升也是社会进步、文化传承和人才培养的重要内容。城乡规划专业具有工程技术和艺术相结合的特点,在城乡规划专业人才的培养过程中提高大学生艺术修养显得尤为重要。以兰州交通大学城乡规划专业开展的兰州市城隍庙建筑文化艺术性调查研究为例,从文化保护和传承的角度入手,探讨大学生对传统文化更深层次的认知和保护意识,提出提升城乡规划专业人才艺术修养的具体建议。     

建立可持续发展的历史文化名城保护更新机制

面对当前在旧城更新中建筑文化遗产保护所遇到的种种尴尬和问题,笔者从保护与更新内容的界定、保护性开发机制的系统性、管理体系的规范性和保护机制的延续性四个方面,立足于建立系统科学的历史文化名城保护更新机制,探讨城市建筑文化遗产保护开发利用的途径和方法,使其在实施城市和谐和可持续发展战略中发挥重要作用。     

工业遗产空间重构的规划模式探讨——以宁波市甬江港北岸工业基地为例

以宁波市甬江港北岸工业基地的规划实践为例,提出了工业遗产空间的概念,并分别以公共物品、生产单元、特色景观为导向,从点、线、面三种不同的空间形式,研究工业遗产空间结构的转变逻辑,探讨工业遗产空间重构的基本方法.在我国城市由于产业转型而面临大规模更新的背景下,研究结果将为历史要素如何在新的城市空间中以整体的方式延续提供不同的规划思路。     

茨林围的保育 澳门的圣保罗教堂,城中村与田园肌理

圣保罗学院仅存的教堂立面,是澳门最具历史意义的古迹。20世纪初涌入澳门的难民,沿着教堂后院城墙兴建住屋,形成茨林围这一片肌理丰富的违章社区,在高密度的城市中保持了独特的田园肌理。不同于主流话语中的宏伟教堂或广场,茨林围保存的是边缘社群的日常生活轨迹和一种活的建筑文化延续,是澳门旅游业在东西融合的主流话语背景下,不可缺少的庶民物质文化财富。规划所强调的循序渐进与人本尊重,更是在后殖民时代建立身份认同的澳门步入公民社会中不可缺少的进程。     

以大学生创新实验为契机的石塘古村保护实践研究

古村落作为文化遗产集中呈现地,是传统文化的重要载体,在历史、科学、艺术等方面具有重要价值,是不可再生的重要文化资源。然而,随着时间推移,大量古村落正伴随着空心化、环境恶化以及人为破坏而走向破败。以大学生创新实验项目为契机,我们小组成员选择韶关仁化石塘古村作为研究对象,在探讨结合地方文化与实际、多方参与的古村落和历史建筑保护与更新途径方面作出尝试。     

Urban authenticity at stake: A new framework for its definition from the perspective of heritage at the Shanghai Music Valley

The field of urban heritage conservation calls for a new understanding of authenticity, given the influence of the tourism industries and the creative city ideal in the contemporary renovation of heritage areas. This has become a relevant issue after the 2011 UNESCO Historic Urban Landscape Recommendation withdrew its call for authenticity from the forefront of urban heritage conservation. This paper will develop a framework for a value-based assessment of urban heritage authenticity beginning with a review of heritage conservation theory confronting it to a study of this concept in the fields of tourism and the creative city. The proposed value-based approach to urban heritage authenticity will determine two series of attributes: the first comes from the specific field of heritage, and the second relates heritage with tourism and the creative city ideal. This framework will be used to evaluate heritage authenticity in the ongoing development of the Shanghai Music Valley (SMV) initiative in Shanghai's Hongkou district. This evaluation, from an architectural and urban point of view, will point to the inconsistencies that result when authenticity criteria based on the interests of tourism and the creative city are used for heritage conservation, especially, when it appears as a consequence of the atomization of heritage management among an unbalanced landscape of stakeholders.     

中国传统建筑装饰艺术的文化传承

中国传统建筑装饰艺术有着深厚的本土文化底蕴,作为宝贵的民族文化遗产,其历史文化价值与在现代设计中的文化价值都不容忽视。本文从建筑装饰色彩艺术,建筑装饰纹样艺术,建筑雕刻装饰艺术三个方面阐述我国传统建筑装饰艺术的文化传承,选取现代设计中的经典案例,进一步探寻传统建筑装饰艺术文化与现代设计的融合与共生。