用选择性氨压力浸出法从银精矿或银电解阳极泥中分离银、铜和硒

这一工艺系由加拿大矿山资源工程部的一研究机构研究发明，并已取得了加拿大的国家发明专利权。该工艺大致为：将含铜、银、硒的粉状原料在加热的氨溶液中氧化浸出，这时原料中的大部分铜与硒进入浸出液中，银则留存于浸出渣中。这一工艺为连续浸出作业，适合于处理铜电解阳极泥或贵金属富矿，可以回收其中SO％的铜与6O／的硒。采用该工艺时，浸出液最好选用（NH。）；C（入，其NH。与（铜十硒十端）之比应）已在浸出温度为4O～12OC时，应将氧的分压控制在50～I000kPa较好。用选择性氨压力浸出法从银精矿或银电解阳极泥中分离银、铜和…     

铜阳极泥蒸硒渣分铜的新工艺研究

采用预浸—低搅拌速率水浸工艺取代酸浸工艺从铜阳极泥蒸硒渣中分铜,在保证铜浸出率的同时降低碲、银等其他元素的浸出损失。考察了氯化钠添加量、搅拌速率、预浸时间对铜等元素浸出率的影响。最佳工艺条件为:先将蒸硒渣在自来水中预浸12h,液固比4∶1,再加入1倍理论量氯化钠,常温搅拌2h,搅拌速率可低至100r/min。以此条件进行扩大试验,铜的浸出率为94%,碲浸出损失3%,银、铋、锑、铂、钯、金基本不损失。     

铜阳极泥加压浸出液中硒碲分离的研究

先通过脱除铜阳极泥加压浸出液中大部分的铜离子,再进行分步还原分离硒、碲,进而达到高效分离硒、碲的目的,硒、碲分离率＞98%。该方法解决了铜阳极泥加压浸出液在沉硒过程中硒不能完全沉淀、影响硒的直收率指标、后续沉碲尾料中硒含量偏高不利于碲精炼提取的问题。     

铜阳极泥加压浸出液中硒碲分离研究

先通过脱除铜阳极泥加压浸出液中大部分的铜离子,再进行分步还原分离硒、碲,进而达到高效分离硒、碲的目的,硒、碲分离率98%。该方法解决了铜阳极泥加压浸出液在沉硒过程中硒不能完全沉淀、影响硒的直收率指标、后续沉碲尾料中硒含量偏高不利于碲精炼提取的问题。     

氯化浸出-还原法处理铜阳极泥分铜渣

采用氯化法浸出铜阳极泥分铜渣中的金、硒、碲,并采用硫酸亚铁选择性还原浸出液中的金。结果表明:在最佳浸出条件即浸出时间150min、浸出温度60℃、氯酸钠浓度65g/L、液固比4∶1、氯化钠浓度50g/L、硫酸浓度300g/L下,金浸出率为93.7%,硒浸出率为96.5%,碲浸出率为76.4%;用硫酸亚铁还原氯化浸出液中的氯金酸是完全可行的,金还原率可达99.7%,还原产物中金以单质形式存在,基本不含单质硒、碲及其他杂质。     

阳极泥中铜的常压氧化预脱除及动力学分析

铜阳极泥富含金、银、铂、钯等贵金属和硒、碲等稀散金属,是稀贵金属提取的重要原料。然而,由于某铜阳极泥中铜含量大于10%,过多的铜会增加后续贵金属回收时浸出剂的消耗量,并严重影响金银的收得率,需预先脱除。本文在热力学分析及XRD、SEM-EDS等表征手段基础上,常压下于H₂SO₄介质中以MnO₂为氧化剂,对阳极泥进行预脱铜研究。分别考察了H₂SO₄浓度、MnO₂加入量、浸出时间、液固比、反应温度等因素对阳极泥中铜浸出率的影响,同时采用收缩未反应核模型对铜浸出过程进行动力学分析。结果表明：铜浸出过程的反应速率受扩散控制,其表观活化能为4.1 kJ/mol,在初始H₂SO₄体积浓度为100 g/L,MnO₂质量浓度为10 g/L,浸出时间为120 min,液固比为4∶1(单位：mL/g,下同),反应温度为80℃的条件下,铜的浸出率可达92.19%;同一条件下,部分砷、硒也被浸出,其浸出率分别维持在...     

降低铜阳极泥分铜工序的有价金属损失探讨

在保证铜的回收率前提下,为了降低铜阳极泥硫酸化焙烧后脱硒渣分铜工序中有价金属银、碲的浸出损失,进一步富集贵金属,选择水浸分铜来取代酸浸分铜.主要考察了氯化钠添加量、反应温度、反应时间以及液固比对铜、银、碲浸出率的影响.结果表明,脱硒渣水浸分铜工序的优化条件组合为:添加脱硒渣量9 %的氯化钠,反应温度30 ℃,控制液固比4:1（单位为mg /L）,搅拌反应2 h.将上述优化条件组合应用于车间扩大试验中,无需升温加热,铜回收率为94.17 %,而银、碲浸出损失分别降低至0.08 %、2.39 %;金、银质量百分比由原来的0.24 %和10.64 %分别增至0.62 %和17.85 %.      

从铜阳极泥中氧压浸出有价金属试验研究

研究了采用3种加压氧化方式从铜阳极泥中浸出有价金属,考察了阳极泥中铜、碲、硒、银的走向。结果表明:直接氧压酸浸,阳极泥中的硒被部分浸出,不利于集中回收;氧压碱浸工艺流程长,工艺复杂,银被分散;水浸—氧压酸浸过程中,控制体系温度130℃,氧压0.8 MPa,铜浸出率达98.3%,碲浸出率为46.8%,硒浸出率仅0.11%,银集中在渣中,有利于下一步集中回收。3种工艺中,以水浸—氧压酸浸效果最佳。     

铜阳极泥碱浸渣中有价金属回收试验

以硫酸为浸出剂,NaCl为沉银剂,对铜阳极泥碱浸渣进行浸出研究,并考察反应温度、硫酸浓度、NaCl添加量、液固比以及反应时间对Cu、Te和Ag浸出效果的影响。结果表明,在H2SO4浓度3mol/L、NaCl浓度6%、液固比5、反应温度60℃、反应时间1.5h、搅拌速度500r/min的条件下,Cu、Te和Ag的浸出率分别为92.82%、83.69%和0.21%,实现了贱金属的脱除和贵金属的富集。     

湿法处理铜阳极泥工艺研究（Ⅰ）：——铜,硒,碲的浸出

以国内某冶炼厂所产铜阳极泥为原料,对低温氧化焙烧一湿法处理工艺流程的第一步——铜、硒、碲的浸出进行了详细的研究。结果表明,铜的浸出率可达98%以上,硒、碲浸出率可达96%以上,银基本上不进入溶液。     

深云立交桥梁检测及加固改造

根据深云立交桥梁的检测结果，对该桥目前的整体状况、工作状态，及其使用情况做出综合评价，对桥的病害原因进行了分析，并提出合理的加固方案。     

《儿子与情人》的语码转换与男女二元对立

劳伦斯小说《儿子与情人》一个鲜明的语言特色就是标准英语和当地方言频繁的语码转换。莫瑞尔用方言来对抗妻子,而妻子坚持用标准英语,偶尔也用方言来讽刺、挖苦丈夫。语码转换反映了劳伦斯男女二元对立的哲学思想。     

Status and solidarity in social comparison: Agentic and communal values and vertical and horizontal directions.

Social comparison involves positioning the self relative to others on a vertical or status dimension (ranging from upward to downward comparisons) and a horizontal or solidarity dimension (ranging from contrastive to connective comparisons). Across 3 studies in which 389 undergraduates recorded everyday social comparisons (n = 4,417), downward and connective comparisons were rated as more helpful and mood enhancing than upward and contrastive comparisons. The effects of horizontal comparisons were greater for people for whom solidarity was an important value; however, the effects of vertical comparisons were not greater for people who valued status. The roles of the comparison target, topic, and situation were also explored; for example, noticing undesirable features of the target enhanced status but undermined solidarity. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

材料科学技术转型发展与钢铁创新基础设施的建设

摘要：在第4次工业革命浪潮的推动下,钢铁科学与技术正在经历数字化、智能化转型。钢铁行业全流程各工序均为“黑箱”,为多场、多相、多变的巨系统,具有复杂相关关系和遗传效应等。这些不确定性带来了巨大的挑战。挑战和机遇并存。这些不确定性提供了智能化和数字化技术的应用场景资源;钢铁行业极为丰富的大数据提供了挖掘其中蕴含客观规律的数据资源;现代的数据科学、智能技术为解决不确定性问题提供了强大的手段。以数据为中心,以工业互联网为载体,以实验工具、数字数据、计算工具为支撑,建设钢铁企业材料创新基础设施,将可以大幅度提高研发效率,降低研发成本,有力地支撑钢铁材料科学与技术的转型发展。实验工具平台除了传统的实验室仪器装备和中试装备之外,实际生产线被作为主要的实验工具。这些实验工具提供丰富、精准、写实的历史数据和现实生产数据,特别是生产线装备提供实际生产大数据,蕴含着生产过程中的全部规律,是极宝贵的数据资源。利用机器学习、深度学习等现代数据挖掘技术为计算工具,对这些数据资源进行处理、分析、计算,将数据转换为高保真度模型,可以得到具有“原位分析能力”的数字孪生。在工业互联网的总体架构下,以数字孪生为核心,组成信息物理系统,构建起基于数据自动流动的状态感知、实时分析、科学决策、精准执行的闭环赋能体系,解决生产制造、应用服务过程中的复杂性和不确定性问题,提高资源配置效率,实现资源优化,对材料行业转型发展提供关键技术支撑。虚实映射、实时交互、精准控制的信息物理系统与材料创新基础设施合二为一,以材料创新基础设施为基盘,形成具有“原位分析能力”的数字孪生,建设钢铁生产全流程、一体化的信息物理系统,必将推进钢铁行业智能制造蓬勃开展和数字化、智能化转型。     

Voices of fear and anxiety and sadness and depression: The effects of speech rate and loudness on fear and anxiety and sadness and depression.

Two studies investigated the role of expressive vocal behavior (specifically, speech rate and loudness) in fear and anxiety and in sadness and depression. In the 1st study, participants spoke about personally experienced fear and anxiety-arousing and neutral events using 3 different voice styles: fast and loud, normal, and slow and soft. In the 2nd study, participants spoke about personally experienced sad or depressing and neutral events using the same 3 voice styles. In both studies, the participants' highest levels of subjective affective and cardiovascular (CV) arousal occurred when they spoke about the emotional events in a mood-congruent voice style: fast and loud in the case of fear and anxiety, and slow and soft in the case of sadness or depression. Mood-incongruent voice styles canceled the heightened levels of CV arousal normally associated with these negative emotions. The voice-style manipulation had no significant effect on the participants' levels of CV arousal during the neutral discussions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Praise and Blame and Robinson.

Daniel Robinson suggests that much of the civil and criminal law "serves as the institutionalized form of praise and blame". Indeed it does. Pulling at this thread of Robinson's tapestry leads the reader straightaway to a host of truths about how law and morality not only intersect, but work together in harmony. "[L]aw", Robinson says, is a "vivid expression of deeper and impenetrably complex moral theories". This essay explores several of these harmonies, but focuses on two. One is that political society must be seen as the cooperation of free persons according to law, which persons hold common moral understandings. The second has to do with retribution as the moral justifying aim of punishing criminals. The author goes beyond Robinson's limited praise of retribution, and shows that some central features of our practice of punishment are understandable only within the retributive framework. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

钢铁产品交易与展示平台的设计与应用

为解决单个企业的信息化投资风险、从整体上降低企业信息化投入,针对大邱庄钢铁产业的类型特点,设计了一种新型信息化公共服务平台。详细阐述了钢铁产品展示及交易平台的建设内容及系统开发技术。该平台集产品展示、信息查询、用户管理功能于一体,实现了全自动、全智能的在线管理和维护,适用于中小型企业。该平台的应用最大化地发挥了大邱庄的产业优势,对大邱庄工业园区的宣传和市场开拓起到了一定的作用。     

Aging and negative affect: The rise and fall and rise of anxiety and depression symptoms.

The relationship between aging and negative affect is dynamic and complex. Although prior studies have often cited lower prevalence rates of anxiety and mood disorders among older individuals, these studies may miss the dynamic relationship between symptoms and aging. To evaluate a nonlinear model of the relationship between aging and negative affect, the author examined measures of neuroticism, anxiety, and depression symptoms in a cross-sectional, community sample (N = 335), ages 18 to 93. Results indicated a curvilinear relationship, with mean symptom levels increasing during early adulthood (until the mid-30s) and then showing a small decline until older adulthood (the mid-70s), when symptoms again increase with age. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)