液体型苛性低泡金属清洗剂的研制

通过对冷轧钢板清洗段清洗条件的分析，提出了用合成的磷酸单酯表面活性剂和增溶剂，以特殊羧酸作偶合剂，使低泡的非离子表面活性剂在强碱中溶解而达到低泡苛性的目的，设计了用于喷射清洗的液体金属清洗的配方，并对所合成的磷酸酯与国外同类产品的有关性能作对比。     

低泡表面活性剂在金属喷淋清洗中的应用研究

金属表面清洗方式主要有浸泡清洗、喷淋清洗和超声波清洗等.在喷淋清洗方式中,对清洗剂的泡沫和除油率尤为关注.本文研究了两种低泡非离子表面活性剂LF900和LF901的泡沫性能和润湿渗透性能等基本性能,并重点研究了以除油率为指征的应用性能.通过两组三因素、三水平正交试验,得出清洗温度和助剂浓度为金属喷淋清洗效果的显著影响因...     

液体型苛性低泡金属清洗剂的研制

通过对冷轧钢板清洗段清洗条件的分析,提出用合成的磷酸单酯表面活性剂作增溶剂,以特殊羧酸作偶合剂,使低泡的非离子表面活性剂在强碱中溶解而达到低泡、苛性的目的,设计了用于喷射清洗的液体金属清洗剂配方,并对所合成的磷酸酯与国外同类产品的有关性能作了对比．     

低泡水基金属清洗剂的研制

采用阴离子表面活性剂M-10、三乙醇胺油酸皂与非离子表面活性剂6501、GT-12、S-86等复配,添加具有协同作用的其它助剂,制备了一种新的适合于高压喷淋清洗的水基金属清洗剂。利用微可视化仪器对复配的表面活性剂混合溶液微粒变化进行了观察,显示出复配溶液在较高浊点时体系稳定。最终配方在45号碳钢、LY12硬铝金属试片上的实验结果表明：该配方的清洗率、泡沫、防腐防锈等各项性能指标均优于对照的市售产品,是一种环保型的低泡高效水基金属清洗剂。     

一种低泡水基清洗剂的研制及应用

研制成功一种低泡水基清洗剂,适用于全自动清洗和超声波清洗。实验表明：与水以1：20稀释,清洗机件后,机件表面无残留油污,且对清洗机件具有很好的保护作用。与国外同类产品比较,在同样的清洗效果下,加强了防锈性能,低泡,无毒,使用安全、方便。     

有机硅乳液在金属清洗剂中的应用研究

金属油污清洗剂在使用中产生大量泡沫,是机械压力喷射清洗中应用水基清洗剂的一个难题。采用有机硅乳液消除水剂清洗金属油过程中的泡沫,具有用量少,成本低,无毒性,操作简便,不影响去污效果等特点。     

有机硅乳液在金属清洗剂中的应用研究

金属油污清洗剂在使用中产生大量泡沫，是机械压力喷射清洗中应用水基清洗剂的一个难题。采用有机硅乳液消除水剂清洗金属油过程中的泡沫，具有用量少，成本低，无毒性，操作简便，不影响去污效果等特点。     

有机硅乳液在金属清洗剂中的应用研究

金属油污清洗剂在使用中产生大量泡沫，是机械压力喷射清洗中应用水基清洗剂的一个难题。采用有机硅乳液消除水剂清洗金属油过程中的泡沫，具有用量少，成本低，无毒性，操作简便，不影响去污效果等特点。     

硅钢清洗用高效低泡耐碱脱脂剂性能的研究

介绍了耐碱脱脂剂在硅钢清洗领域中的技术要求,并对脱脂剂GQ-31的各项性能指标与进口样品进行对比。结果表明：该脱脂剂具有耐碱性高、乳化能力强、高温稳定、泡沫高度低、除油效果好等优点,可以应用在硅钢清洗领域。     

金属表面处理中的高碱低泡喷淋清洗剂

金属加工、生产过程中往往要对表面进行清洁处理,因此需要使用大量的清洗剂。高碱低泡喷淋用清洗剂具有脱脂效率高、产生气泡少,易漂洗等特点,在金属加工脱脂中得到广泛的应用。本文根据相关研发、生产实践,概述了高碱低泡喷淋清洗剂的配方组成。     

“四合一”金属切削液的研制

研制了一种适合多种金属（包括黑色金属，铜，铝）切削的“四合一”金属切削液，兼具冷却，润滑，清洗和防锈多重功效。     

Aftertreatment of 1:2 metal complex acid dyes on conventional and microtibre nylon 6. 6 with a commercial syntan/cation system

Dyeings (2% owf) were produced on conventional and microfibre nylon 6. 6 fabrics using unsulphonated, monosulphonated and disulphonated 1:2 metal complex acid dyes. When subjected to the ISO 105:C06/C2 wash test, the wash fastness behaviour of the dyeings was related to the degree of sulphonation of the dyes. Aftertreatment of the dyeings using a commercial syntan improved the wash fastness of the dyeings whereas the sequential application of a cationic compound to the syntanned dyeings caused a further improvement in wash fastness.     

Utilization of peanut shells as adsorbents for selected metals

Peanut shells of mesh size 10–20 were modified by combinations of treatments following a 3² factorial design. Treatments consisted of either no wash, water wash or base wash followed by no modification or modification with 0.6 M citric acid or 0.6 M phosphoric acid. The nine samples were evaluated for their uptake of five metal ions (Cd(II), Cu(II), Ni(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II)) from solution. The results were compared with metal ion adsorption by three commercial cation exchange resins, namely, Amberlite® 200, Amberlite® IRC 718 and Duolite® GT‐73. The percent of metal ions adsorbed per gram of adsorbent was significantly increased by each of the acid treatments, average values ranged from 19 to 34% compared with non‐acid treated samples at 5.7%. The percent of metal ions adsorbed for base‐washed samples were higher than water‐washed or unwashed shells. Interaction between wash and acid treatment was not significant for most of the experimental conditions used. Acid‐treated samples were as effective as Duolite® GT‐73 in the adsorption of Cd(II) and almost twice as effective in the adsorption of Zn(II) from solutions containing a single metal ion. In solutions containing multiple metal ions, citric acid samples were found to be most effective and selective for Cu(II) compared with Cd(II), Ni(II), and Zn(II). In general, phosphoric acid‐modified shells removed the most metals from solution for the experimental samples and were more effective in removing Cd(II) and Zn(II) than two of the three commercial resins. Acid‐modified peanut shells are promising as metal ion adsorbents. © 1999 Society of Chemical Industry     

Iodine treatment of nylon: Effect on metal plating of the polymer

The iodine treatment of nylon surfaces consist essentially of dipping the nylon in an iodine—potassium iodide solution and quickly rinsing the absorbed iodine out of nylon surfaces using glycol—water—thiosulfate as a wash solution. The treatment was found to profoundly affect the adhesion between the nylon and an electrolessly deposited metal on its surface. The adhesion changes from no adhesion for an untreated nylon surface to a maximum of 28 lb/in. for a treated sample. The adhesion is dependent mainly on the nature of the nylon surface (crystallinity, molecular weight, etc.), the duration of the iodine treatment, and the nature and conditions of the wash solution. Electron microscope pictures of the nylon surface after the iodine treatment show a shallow etching pattern, and therefore mechanical keying between the metal and the polymer is not a probable factor of importance. Under certain experimental conditions, the iodine treatment changes the crystallinity from the α-form predominant in the nylon before treating the sample to the γ-form. It also decreases the overall crystallinity of the surface, softens the polymer, and improves its water wettability. All the above changes enhance a more intimate interaction between the deposited metal and the polymer.     

Combined Ion Exchange—Solvent Extraction of Metal Ions on Ion-Exchange Papers

Abstract

The chromatographic behavior of 14 metal ions with aqueous-organic wash liquids on ion-exchange papers is compared with results in columns and thin layers of the same resin. It is shown that many column separations can be obtained on paper, and that paper chromatography can often be used to preevaluate systems for separations on columns. The mechanism for the chromatographic processes and differences between techniques employed with columns and papers are discussed.     

Corrosion protection of galvanized iron by polyaniline containing wash primer coating

Wash primer treatment of galvanized iron (GI) structure is widely used before painting in order to improve adhesion. Traditional wash primer contains zinc tetroxy chromate. Due to hazardous nature of chromate, alternate compounds for chromate replacements have been identified. In recent years polyaniline containing coating has been found to protect GI. In this study, a wash primer based on polyaniline has been formulated and its corrosion protection ability of GI has been compared with that of traditional chromate based wash primer by salt spray and EIS test. It has been found that the polyaniline based wash primer is able to protect GI and its corrosion protection performance is similar to chromate based wash primer coating.     

功能性洗手液的配方设计

介绍了洗手液的种类和功能性洗手液的配方设计要求,全面总结了洗手液的基础配方,同时,详细论述了相关行业要求和原料使用要求。指出了洗手液今后的发展方向。     

洗油组分的提取、应用及前景

介绍了目前提取洗油组分的主要工艺过程及洗油中各组分的应用情况,指出我国应加强洗油加工利用的研究和其产品的开发应用:首先必需建设大型洗油加工装置,采用多种加工工艺,提取煤焦油特有的组分;其次提高洗油加工产品的纯度,获得高附加值的产品。     

浅论卧式压滤机滤布自动清洗设备的特点及应用

介绍三种最常见的卧式压滤机的滤布清洗方式:上置式单边洗、上置式双边洗、下置式单边洗。对这三种清洗方式的工作原理、所依托平台的基本结构及它们各自所具有的优缺点进行了详尽的阐述。且列出了一些大致的选型依据,以便使用者更好的选择清洗设备,使其发挥最大的清洗效果。     

耐擦洗刚性仿瓷涂料的研究

介绍了耐擦洗刚性仿瓷涂料的配方,制备方法,讨论了影响耐擦洗的各种因素。