湿法炼锌净化钴渣指标提升工艺探讨

针对湿法炼锌净化钴渣钴品位低、渣含锌高的问题,开展了合金锌粉除残镉、三净渣再除钴以及钴渣净化贫镉液中钴镉的试验研究,合金锌粉除残镉最佳反应时间60 min左右;低钴渣再除钴最佳工艺参数：液固比160∶1左右、反应时间2 h、反应温度85℃。提出了金属锌粉预除镉、合金锌粉深度净化残镉以及钴渣多次反复除钴、钴渣与贫镉液反应、钴渣水洗工艺,钴渣含锌降至10%～12%,钴品位富集了（2～3）倍,达到了提升钴品位、降低渣含锌目的。     

从硫酸锌溶液中除钴试验研究

研发了一种新型除钴剂,用于湿法炼锌中从硫酸锌溶液中除钴。结果表明:在除钴剂加入量为钴离子质量浓度的15倍、反应时间60 min、反应温度70℃、溶液pH=5优化条件下,钴去除率达97.23%,除钴后液中钴离子质量浓度小于1 mg/L,满足锌电解要求。对含不同浓度铁、镉、钴离子的硫酸锌溶液进行除钴试验,溶液中3种离子的质量浓度都很低,对除钴影响都很小。用该除钴剂除钴,生产成本较低。     

含铜钴硫酸渣中铜钴同步浸出试验研究

本文以含铜、钴硫酸渣为原料,采用直接酸浸方式回收其中的铜、钴,探究了原料细度、浸出温度、搅拌速度等工艺参数对铜钴浸出率的影响。在不磨矿、浸出温度为70℃、搅拌速度为400 r/min、液固比为4∶1、硫酸质量浓度为160 g/L、浸出时间为4 h的最佳浸出条件下,铜、钴浸出率分别为72.16%,70.81%。铜钴化学物相分析表明,硫酸渣中硫酸铜质量分数最高,次生硫化铜质量分数最低,在硫酸体系下,硫酸铜、自由氧化铜物相较易浸出。硫酸渣中钴主要以硫酸钴、亚铁酸钴、四氧化三钴形式存在,还含少量硫化钴和氧化亚钴。在硫酸体系下,硫酸钴和硫化钴易被浸出,四氧化三钴和亚铁酸钴较难浸出。     

从含钴萃余液中制取粗氢氧化钴的试验研究

利用活性氧化镁浆沉淀含钴萃余液中钴离子制取粗氢氧化钴,存在沉钴产品质量不稳定的问题.针对此问题,本文考察了氧化镁质量浓度、反应温度、反应终点pH值、钴离子浓度、铜离子浓度和洗涤液固比对氢氧化钴滤饼中钴含量和镁含量的影响.条件试验结果表明:活性氧化镁浆质量浓度在2％ ～ 10％时对粗氢氧化钴质量影响不大;沉钴反应温度高于...     

从数据看中国钴市

2009年国际钴价低位震荡、小幅上扬,至2010年4月,钴价整体呈向上趋势。国内钴价水平高于国际钴价。MB金属钴报价低于钴精矿报价、国内电池需求旺盛、国外需求低迷等因素是造成国内外价差较大的原因。国内钴市处于胶着状态。     

从钴硫精矿中回收钴的工艺探索试验研究

对钴硫精矿进行硫酸化焙烧-焙砂水浸钴铜-浸出液碳酸钠中和沉钴-钴铜渣浸出/萃取分离回收钴铜-焙砂浸出渣还原焙烧制铁精矿球团的处理工艺是可行的,可以综合回收其中的钴、铜、硫、铁;全流程钴的回收率大于80%。     

从高酸浸出钴渣中回收金、银的试验研究

针对某钴冶炼厂砷钴精矿高酸浸出渣含钴、金、银高的特点,进行了提取金、银并综合回收钴的试验研究.研究结果表明,金的浸出率可以达到98.31%,银的浸出可以达到94.6%;钴经过回收可制得各种钴产品.实现了钴渣综合回收的目的.     

新技术与新成果

2014062用含钴废料直接生产高纯度电子级硫酸钴的方法用含钴废料直接生产高纯度电子级硫酸钴的方法，涉及一种用含钴废料生产硫酸钴的工艺。包括原料检验分类、湿磨调浆、酸分解、过滤洗涤分离、提取海棉铜，其特殊之处在于接着进行针铁矿法除铁、P204萃取除杂、钴镍分离、N235萃取提纯和浓缩结晶。能利用各种钴废料直接再生出高纯度的电子级硫酸钴，可以满足现代高科技产业对硫酸钴高纯度的要求；钴的总回收率高于等于98％；能综合回收各种有用元素，在再生主产品电子级硫酸钴的同时，可再毕海绵铜、碳化钨、氡氢化铁和碳酸镍。     

镍、钴粉末生产现状及发展趋势

综述了国内外镍、钴粉末,特别是超细和纳米镍、钴粉末制备技术的研究和镍、钴资源的再生利用状况;概述了国内外镍、钴粉末的应用及生产状况;分析了我国镍、钴粉末生产企业现状;展望了未来10年镍、钴粉末生产工业的发展趋势,提出了我国镍、钴粉末生产工业发展的对策。     

废旧钴基合金材料的资源综合利用

叙述了从废旧钴基合金回收有价元素的意义以及废旧钴基合金的元素组成情况.介绍了目前从废旧钴基合金回收稀土、钴的工艺,并对其进行了评述.针对具体问题,提出了用过硫酸钠氧化使钴、铁与稀土分离,然后溶解钴、铁沉淀,利用二者沉淀条件的不同分离钴、铁的工艺路线,最终实现对稀土和钴的回收,且稀土的收率为96.86%,钴的收率为94.29%.     

Voices of fear and anxiety and sadness and depression: The effects of speech rate and loudness on fear and anxiety and sadness and depression.

Two studies investigated the role of expressive vocal behavior (specifically, speech rate and loudness) in fear and anxiety and in sadness and depression. In the 1st study, participants spoke about personally experienced fear and anxiety-arousing and neutral events using 3 different voice styles: fast and loud, normal, and slow and soft. In the 2nd study, participants spoke about personally experienced sad or depressing and neutral events using the same 3 voice styles. In both studies, the participants' highest levels of subjective affective and cardiovascular (CV) arousal occurred when they spoke about the emotional events in a mood-congruent voice style: fast and loud in the case of fear and anxiety, and slow and soft in the case of sadness or depression. Mood-incongruent voice styles canceled the heightened levels of CV arousal normally associated with these negative emotions. The voice-style manipulation had no significant effect on the participants' levels of CV arousal during the neutral discussions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Synthesis and analysis of mixed chlorinated-fluorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans and assessment of formation and occurrence of the fluorinated and chlorinated-fluorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans

Despite the use of multimodal therapy, higher-grade glioma is still uniformly fatal in the adult population. There is a considerable difference between the length of survival in each given patient, even within the same tumor type and malignancy grade group, suggesting that there are factors that might differentially influence outcome. To identify such factors, 107 patients with anaplastic or malignant glioma were retrospectively investigated. Clinical parameters and paraclinical data on the p53, mdm2, and EGFR genes at the DNA or protein level were evaluated by univariate analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression modeling. Kaplan-Meier survival estimation demonstrated that immunohistochemical positivity for mdm2 protein in patients with anaplastic astrocytoma or with glioblastoma multiforme was associated with a shorter survival time (p = 0.02). P53 gene mutations and immunopositivity for the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) protein were not significantly related to poor prognosis. The Cox proportional hazards model revealed immunohistochemical positivity for p53, mdm2, or for both of them, the presence of postoperative irradiation, and the extent of surgical resection of tumor to be variables significantly associated with prolonged survival. EGFR overexpression, age over 60 years, and Karnofsky performance score below 40 points did not significantly shorten survival time. In conclusion, the present study identified immunohistochemically detected mdm2-protein overexpression as a statistically significant negative prognostic parameter in patients bearing anaplastic or malignant glioma. Association analysis of variables revealed a possible correlation between mdm2 and p53, which is also consistent with the biological interaction mode of both proteins in vivo.     

Sexuality and aging--usual and successful

BACKGROUND: As aging research increasingly reflects an effort to dissociate true time-driven changes from those that can be improved, sexuality in later life remains largely unexplored. Several problems are evident. There is a lack of normative data, a lack of a conceptual framework relating to the biology, psychology, and sociology of sex, and an attitudinal resistance that obscures the entire topic. METHODS: We conducted a three-part instructional series on major topics involved with sexuality and aging. We surveyed our group of attendees (n 158, average age 68 for males, 65 for females) before and after the series. RESULTS: A remarkably robust sex life was evidenced by both the men and the women, even until advanced old age. Yet, a substantially decreased involvement was reported from 10 years earlier. Despite current activities, people of both sexes wished they were participating even more than they currently were. Impotency was identified as the major negative feature for the men; relationship problems were for the women. A questionnaire 6 months after the series reported improved sexual attitudes, but no change in sexual activities from the earlier survey. CONCLUSION: Sexuality is a major quality-of-life issue which persists into old age. Our study showed that the usual sexual practices reported by our group were not considered by them to be ideal. The intervention of this instructional series provided improved sexual attitudes but not performance. Additional studies are encouraged.     

Spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis and sports

Spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis occur predominantly in the lower lumbar spine. Besides congenital defects such as predisposition of spondylolysis the correlation between competitive sports activities and an increased incidence of spondylolysis is proved. In early stages, complete healing can be achieved by conservative treatment (abstinence from sports activities for 3 months, orthesis). Persistence of pain, neurologic symptoms and progression of vertebral slipping are indications for operative treatment (reconstruction of the isthmus, dorso-ventral spondylodesis). The exercise tolerance depends on the extent of instability, progression of vertebral slipping and clinical symptoms. The limits of exercise tolerance vary among the individual athletes and require the decision of the physician. Backstroke swimming, abdominal and back muscle strengthening exercises, and types of sport involving smooth movements are advisable. Sports education in school is possible without restriction in patients with stable spondylolysis and in those with spondylolisthesis without unfavourable concomitant factors.     

Larks and owls and health, wealth, and wisdom

OBJECTIVE: To test the validity of Benjamin Franklin's maxim "early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise." DESIGN: Cross sectional analysis of sleeping patterns in a nationally representative group of elderly people, and longitudinal investigation of mortality. SETTING: Eight areas in Britain (five in England, two in Scotland, and one in Wales). SUBJECTS: 1229 men and women aged 65 and over who in 1973-4 had taken part in a survey funded by the Department of Health and Social Security and for whom data on sleeping patterns, health, socioeconomic circumstances, and cognitive function had been recorded. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Self reported income, access to a car, standard of accommodation, performance on a test of cognitive function, state of health and mortality during 23 years of follow up. RESULTS: 356 people (29%) were defined as larks (to bed before 11 pm and up before 8 am) and 318 (26%) were defined as owls (to bed at or after 11 pm and up at or after 8 am). There was no indication that larks were richer than those with other sleeping patterns. On the contrary, owls had the largest mean income and were more likely to have access to a car. There was also no evidence that larks were superior to those with other sleeping patterns with regard to their cognitive performance or their state of health. Both larks and owls had a slightly reduced risk of death compared with the rest of the study sample, but this was accounted for by the fact that they spent less time in bed at night. In the study sample as a whole, longer periods of time in bed were associated with increased mortality. After adjustment for age, sex, the presence of illness, and other risk factors, people who spent 12 or more hours in bed had a relative risk of death of 1.7 (1.2 to 2.5) compared with those who were in bed for 9 hours. The lowest risk occurred in people who spent 8 hours in bed (adjusted relative risk 0.8; 0.7 to 1.0). CONCLUSION: These findings do not support Franklin's claim. A "late to bed and late to rise" lifestyle does not seem to lead to socioeconomic, cognitive, or health disadvantage, but a longer time spent in bed may be associated with increased mortality.     

Craniometaphyseal and craniodiaphyseal dysplasia, head and neck manifestations and management

Mechanical allodynia (MA) following hand injury is a well-documented clinical problem. The purpose of this pilot study was to examine the relationship between hand MA and the upper limb tension test (ULTT). The ULTT mechanically stresses the neural structures from the C5/6/7 neural foramina to the median nerve distally. This study examined 29 subjects with unilateral hand MA before and after a 2-week neural self-mobilization programme. There was a significant difference between the subjects' affected and unaffected sides when tested using the ULTT, both in reproduction of symptoms and in reduced range of motion of the ULTT. Following the self-mobilization program, there was an improvement in the range of the ULTT, and subjects reported a reduction in their symptoms. Complete recovery was not obtained in all cases. The results of this study suggest that the ULTT is a useful tool both in assessment and treatment of subjects with hand MA.     

深云立交桥梁检测及加固改造

根据深云立交桥梁的检测结果，对该桥目前的整体状况、工作状态，及其使用情况做出综合评价，对桥的病害原因进行了分析，并提出合理的加固方案。     

关于摩尔浓度及其与硬度转换关系问题的讨论

众所周知，国际单位制物质的量采用摩尔(mol)表示，近几年出版的给排水专业书籍，为了与国际单位制接轨，逐渐将摩尔的使用频率不断提高，被给排水技术人员广泛应用的新版给排水设计手册，将表示物质浓度的单位“当量／升”或“毫克当量／升”．改为mol／l或mmol／l，虽然编者对其基本单元定义作了说明，但在实际运用上仍会出现误解，     

《儿子与情人》的语码转换与男女二元对立

劳伦斯小说《儿子与情人》一个鲜明的语言特色就是标准英语和当地方言频繁的语码转换。莫瑞尔用方言来对抗妻子,而妻子坚持用标准英语,偶尔也用方言来讽刺、挖苦丈夫。语码转换反映了劳伦斯男女二元对立的哲学思想。