7-溴-6-氯-4(3H)-喹诺啉酮和5-溴-6-氯-4(3H)-喹诺啉酮的合成

以间溴苯胺(Ⅰ)为起始原料,与水合三氯乙醛反应合成了间溴肟基乙酰苯胺(Ⅱ),反应收率90.5%。在浓硫酸的作用下,Ⅱ关环得到了4溴-靛红和6溴-靛红(Ⅲ),混合物收率97.6%。6溴-靛红的氯代反应中以冰醋酸作溶剂,代替毒性较大的硝基苯,制备了6溴--5氯-靛红(Ⅳ),收率86.8%。利用双氧水将Ⅳ氧化得到了2-氨基-4溴--5氯-苯甲酸(Ⅴ)。Ⅴ在三氯氧磷的存在下与甲酰胺反应,制备了7-溴-6氯--4(3H)-喹诺啉酮,总收率12.14%。同法合成了5-溴-6氯--4(3H)-喹诺啉酮,总收率13.47%。     

间苯二胺分子印迹溶胶-凝胶杂化物的合成及其吸附性能的研究

首先以间苯二胺为模板分子,通过与3-异氰酸丙基三乙氧基硅烷反应合成含模板分子的功能性单体,其化学结构经红外光谱、质谱和核磁共振谱等表征手段证实。进一步加入交联剂四乙氧基硅烷(TEOS)合成分子印迹杂化物(MIH),并对该杂化物的形成机理进行探索。另外,通过测定杂化物对模板分子等温吸附容量和竞争性吸附容量,研究杂化物的吸附性能和选择性识别能力。MIH对间苯二胺分子的最大吸附容量为7.42 mg/g,而非分子印迹杂化物(NIH)的最大吸附容量为3.20 mg/g。MIH对间苯二胺的结构类似物苯胺和2,4,6-三溴苯胺的非特异性吸附容量很小,仅分别为1.99和0.98 mg/g,且NIH的这些值与MIH的相接近。上述结果表明间苯二胺的MIH对间苯二胺具有良好的吸附能力和吸附选择性。     

靛红衍生物与水杨醛的串联反应

以靛红为原料,通过Wittig反应合成了两种不同取代基的靛红衍生物。再通过这两种靛红衍生物与水杨醛发生串联Michael-Aldol反应,高效的构建了螺[5,6]环的骨架结构。通过对照实验,总结了取代基团对靛红与水杨醛的Michael-Aldol反应的影响。通过筛选不同的碱和溶剂,最终确定在K2CO3、DMF、室温条件下以62%的产率得到目标分子。产物都经1H-NMR、13CNMR进行表征,目标分子还用X-射线单晶衍射表征。     

靛蓝提取物中靛蓝和靛玉红的分析方法比较

以靛膏为原料,采用盐酸酸化、葡萄糖还原和乙酸乙酯提取3种工艺制备靛蓝酸化物、靛蓝还原物和乙酸乙酯提取物。建立高效液相色谱(HPLC)法、紫外可见分光光度(UV)法和双波长紫外分光光度(dW-UV)法,分析3种靛蓝提取物中靛蓝和靛玉红的含量,并以Kolmogorov-Smirnov检验、Bland-Altman偏差图比较和Spearman检验确定3种样品各自最佳分析方法。结果表明：所建立的HPLC法、UV法和dW-UV法简单、准确、灵敏度高、稳定性好和重复性好。3种靛蓝提取物成分含量检测方法均遵从正态分布,两两测定值存在显著差异。UV法更适于分析靛蓝酸化物、靛蓝还原物中靛蓝含量;HPLC法更适于乙酸乙酯提取物中靛蓝、靛玉红含量分析。     

间苯二胺分子印迹溶胶一凝胶杂化物的合成及其吸附性能的研究

首先以间苯二胺为模板分子,通过与3一异氰酸丙丛三乙筑柴硅烷反应合成含模板分子的功能性单休,其化学结构经红外光谱、质谱和核磁共振谱等表征于段-i=lE实。进一步加入交联剂叫乙轼挂硅烷（TEOS）合成分子印迹杂化物（MIH）,并对该杂化物的形成机理进行探索。另外,通过测定杂化物对模板分子等温吸附容量和竞争性吸附容量,研究杂化物的吸附性能和选择性识别能力。MIH对间苯二胺分了的最大吸附容量为7．42mg／g,而非分子印迹杂化物（NIH）的最大吸附容量为3．20mg／g。MIH对间苯二胺的结构类似物苯胺和2,4,6～三溴苯胺的北特异性吸附容量很小,仅分别为1．99和0．98mg／g,且NIH的这些值与MIH的相接近。l：述结果表H月间苯二胺的MIH对间苯二胺具有良好的吸附能力和吸附选择性。     

羧甲基纤维素钠/凹凸棒石纳米复合材料的制备与表征

以羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC-Na)为基体,凹凸棒石(AT)为增强材料,采用溶液共混法制备了标题物。研究了凹凸棒石用量对纳米复合材料结构和性能的影响。通过FT-IR、TG、SEM对复合材料进行了表征。试验结果表明,当凹凸棒石用量为羧甲基纤维素钠质量的0.22%时,复合材料的力学性能最佳。由于纳米凹凸棒石的引入,CMC-Na分子某些特征峰的波数发生了变化,复合材料的形貌也发生了改变;羧甲基纤维素钠/凹凸棒石纳米复合材料的热稳定性高于纯羧甲基纤维素钠膜。     

抗肿瘤有效成分靛玉红作用机理的研究进展

靛玉红具有副作用小,临床疗效好等优点。由于靛玉红具有独特的研究价值和潜在的应用前景,越来越受到人们的重视。综述了靛玉红的量子化学研究和药理作用,并对其今后的发展动态进行了展望。量子化学研究方法有CNDO分子轨道法、密度泛函DFT法和CNDO／2量子化学法等;靛玉红具有抗菌、消炎、增强免疫、抗肿瘤等药理作用。     

杂化型水性聚氨酯技术进展

简述丙烯酸酯杂化改性聚氨酯缘由,介绍几种目前常用的制备方法,并略谈杂化物的优异性能。     

含三聚氰胺有机硅杂化物的环氧树脂性能研究

利用羟甲基化三聚氰胺和γ-环氧丙氧基三甲氧基硅烷反应制备了三聚氰胺有机硅杂化物,并用FTIR、29S iNMR对其结构进行了表征。然后将其与环氧树脂共混固化,对固化物热性能、阻燃性、力学性能进行了分析。结果表明,该三聚氰胺有机硅杂化环氧树脂固化物不仅保持纯环氧树脂玻璃化转变温度,而且在空气和氮气中的热失重分析显示,高温区域的热稳定性及残碳率比纯环氧树脂高;三聚氰胺有机硅杂化环氧树脂固化物的极限氧指数达到30.2,与纯环氧树脂相比,该固化物的极限氧指数提高了43%左右,抗冲击强度有较大幅度的提高,当三聚氰胺有机硅杂化物的添加量为环氧树脂质量的5%时,环氧树脂固化物的抗冲击强度达到20.3 kJ/mol;扫描电子显微镜照片显示三聚氰胺有机硅杂化环氧树脂的韧性较纯环氧树脂有很大提高。     

有机-无机分子印迹杂化材料的研究进展

分子印迹技术是制备选择性识别特定分子的聚合物的方法,因其制备简单、稳定性好且具有特异分子识别功能使其在色谱分离、固相萃取、化学传感和模拟酶催化等方面都有广泛的应用。有机-无机杂化分子印迹聚合物集有机和无机聚合物的优点,不仅机械强度高,而且耐溶剂性好,是分子印迹技术的一个崭新领域。在介绍有机-无机杂化分子印迹聚合物基本概况的基础上,综述了有机-无机杂化分子印迹聚合物制备的原理、方法和特点,并对未来的发展提出了展望。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。