仪器仪表迈入智能化时代

在这个信息和网络高度发达的时代，智能化已经成为了全社会的一种特征。智能手机、智能化的视讯，智能化医疗……智能化正以一种迅雷不及掩耳的速度蔓延到人们生活的每一个角落。不仅如此，在相对保守刻板的自动化领域，智能化也俨然成为了大势所趋。     

智能化建筑结构工程的现状与趋势

在智能化建筑中，作为大楼安全可靠与经济合理的结构智能化往往被忽略。实际上，结构智能化是在整个大楼智能化的一个必不可少的内容。本文介绍了国际上在结构智能化方面的研究现状，并对智能化建筑及结构智能化的发展趋势进行了分析和展望。     

建筑智能化和智能化大楼市场发展趋势

综述了智能化大楼的智能化技术发展和国内外智能化大楼的发展历史及趋势，根据调查资料分析了上海市智能化大楼的市场现状和投资规模，预测了上海市建筑智能化技术的潜在市场。     

对智能化变电站的认识

智能化变电站技术目前在国内发展很快，很多地区都在积极建设，并取得了一些成果和经验。随着国际电工委员会颁布新变电站自动化通信标准IEC61850实施，智能化变电站已成为行业内一个热点内容，了解和掌握智能化变电站相关知识及其原理已经迫在眉睫。本文首先陈述了智能化变电站的结构，并将其结构与传统综自站的结构进行了对比，从宏观上明确了两者之间的区别。其次分析了智能化变电站中有源式电子式互感器的工作原理，接着对合并单元的功能及其同步采样问题进行了阐述，合并单元的同步采样是非常重要的，目前主要有两种解决方案。接着说明了智能终端在智能化变电站中的作用以及其在变电站中的位置，最后介绍了智能化变电站中GOOSE报文的发送及传输方式。从而使读者对智能化变电站有一个初步的认识和理解。     

浦东地区高层建筑应当率先实现智能化

人类社会已进入信息化时代。为适应这一时代需要，人们希望建筑物也要具有信息时代的功能，并提出了智能化建筑这一新概念。科学技术的不断发展与进步，为建筑智能化提供了技术与物质的可能性，智能化的建筑已成为国际建筑业的发展趋势。中国的智能化建筑起于八十年中期，但其发展的趋势与速度非常惊人，仅浦东新区到ZdX．一年就将有160健左右的智能化大楼投入运行。怎样科学、合理地引导和管理这些智能化建筑已摆在我们面前，本文就对怎样加强智能化建筑的管理和浦东对智能化建筑立法等谈几点看法。一、建筑物智能化时代的来临1％4年美国…     

智能化视频监控的现状及未来

智能化视频监控是在数字化、网络化基础上发展起来的一种更高端的监控技术，它利用模式识别算法实现内容分析、事件侦测，然后产生警报或控制信号口这种系统同时也能记录视频数据，并对记录进行智能搜索，生成结果分析报告。智能视频监控的应用领域非常广泛，主要可以分为智能化交通、智能化政府部门、智能化银行部门、智能化生活小区、智能化展馆系统等等。[编者按]     

新疆某选煤厂智能装车定位系统的应用研究

为全面推动煤炭企业智能化建设、顺应物联网信息时代转变传统生产模式的需求，新疆某选煤厂对铁路装车系统进行了全面智能化升级。在原系统基础上，结合快速定量装置、智能感知设备、人工智能算法以及人机交互平台，实现了装车全流程无人化全自动执行。创新性地采用激光对射原理，研发了基于测量光幕的车厢精准定位系统，开发了算法模型实现定位计算，为智能化无人控制提供基础支持。该系统稳定、安全、准确，与各模块之间相互紧密关联，共同实现业务流程智能化，为实现全厂智能化管理提供依据。作为促进工矿业物联网技术升级的重要节点，该研究能为同类智能化建设提供借鉴。     

智能化小区与住宅智能化

本文介绍了“智能化小区”中的两大技术构成，即“智能化小区系统”和“住宅智能化系统”，分析了建设智能化小区对经济和社会发展的作用。     

基于ZigBee技术的学生宿舍智能化管理系统的设计

文章深入分析基于Zigbee技术设计的学生宿舍智能化管理系统，从系统总体设计、系统结构设计、系统功能设计等几个方面着手落实学生宿舍智能化管理系统功能属性。同时，深入探究基于ZigBee技术的学生宿舍智能化管理系统的硬件设计及软件设计，以期为提升基于ZigBee技术学生宿舍智能化管理系统设计的合理性和可行性提供参考思路。     

智能化小区可视对讲系统解决方案

现代小区智能化趋势 现代小区区分为硬体、软体及绿化．而小区智能化为软体的主要成分，也就是说智能化的升级就是小区的软体升级的种锦上添花的手段，小区智能化的费用占整体小区建造费用，从百分之一至千分之一不等，但其作用是相当明显的。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.