桑白皮总黄酮抗糖尿病作用的初步研究

目的：通过建立Ⅱ型糖尿病大鼠模型,观察桑白皮总黄酮对糖尿病大鼠作用影响。方法：采用高糖高脂饲养并腹腔注射STZ建立糖尿病大鼠模型,成模大鼠随机分成5组,桑白皮总黄酮高、中、低剂量组,罗格列酮对照组和模型组,每组5只。灌胃给药14天后,测量大鼠空腹血糖和甘油三酯水平,肝糖原含量。结果：桑白皮总黄酮高剂量组和中剂最组可显著降低糖尿病大鼠血糖水平（P〈0．01和P〈0．05）。桑白皮总黄酮高剂量组可降低柑尿病大鼠甘油三酯水平（P〈0．05）和升高肝糖原含量（P〈0．05）,中、低剂量组作用不明显。结论：桑白皮总黄酮可降低Ⅱ型糖尿病大鼠血糖和血甘油三酯水平,升高肝糖原含量,具有抗糖尿病作用。     

美托洛尔对舒张性心力衰竭兔神经内分泌系统的影响

目的研究美托洛尔对舒张性心力衰竭兔神经内分泌系统的影响。方法雄性新西兰兔30只随机分为3组：手术组在右侧肾动脉上1cm处行腹主动脉缩窄术;手术治疗组从术后第1天起应用美托洛尔治疗;假手术组作为对照组。术后观察心衰的临床表现,定期复查超声心动图,并监测全身和心肌局部AngⅡ、ET-1、NE和NT—proBNP变化。结果手术治疗组的心衰发生率明显低于手术组,心室结构和功能达到显著改善,血清AngⅡ（25．57vs38．16,P〈0．01）、ET-1（21．14vs35．96,P〈0．01）和血清与心肌NE（97．90vs128．51,P〈0．01;11．77vs17．28,P〈0．05）、NT—proBNP（221．92vs305．76,P〈0．01;24．33vs30．53,P〈0．05）显著降低。结论美托洛尔可有效抑制DHF兔的全身和心肌局部神经内分泌系统激活.     

飞行员高血压药物治疗前后立位耐力和+Gz耐力观察

目的观察飞行员患高血压病及药物治疗后立位耐力和＋Gz耐力的变化。方法选择10例患高血压病的歼f强）击机飞行员,平均年龄（36±6）岁,经临床检查未发现心脑血管并发症,在药物治疗前和服降血压药血压恢复正常后分别进行20min立位耐力试验和＋Gz耐力试验。结果药物治疗前立位耐力试验显示,平卧位平均血压为f147±16／92±10）mmHg（1mmHg=0．133kPa）,立位（150±18／99±12）mmHg,卧立位舒张压差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）;1例立位耐力试验结果阳性,5例＋Gz耐力未达到所飞机种要求。降压药物治疗后,平卧位血压（131±10／80±7）mmHg,立位（130±8／87±3）mmHg,较治疗前均明显下降（P〈0．01,P〈0．05）,立位耐力试验均为阴性;3例＋Gz耐力未能达到所飞机种要求。结论高血压病对立位耐力和＋Gz耐力有不利影响;药物治疗后＋Gz耐力改善与病情和用药种类、剂量有关。     

高血压及药物治疗对飞行员认知功能的影响

目的探讨高血压及药物治疗对飞行员认知功能的影响。方法对13名无并发症的高血压飞行员和10名经降血压药物治疗后血压恢复正常的飞行员,进行闪光融合频率、多项反应时、空间位置记忆广度、注意力集中能力、警戒性等认知功能测试,并与年龄相近的13名健康飞行员对照。结果高血压组闪光融合频率、注意力集中能力、空间位置记忆广度分值均明显低于对照组（P〈0.05、P〈0.01和P〈0.01）,多项反应时中红、黄绿反应时间明显慢于对照组（P〈0.01）,警戒性作业总错误率明显高于对照组（P〈0.01）。高血压治疗组与高血压组均有统计学差异（P〈0.05、P〈0.01）。结论患高血压病飞行员有不同程度的认知功能减退,在飞行人员医学鉴定时应予重视。     

FTY720抑制小鼠植骨气囊模型中聚乙烯磨损颗粒诱导的骨溶解效应

目的：在小鼠植骨气囊动物模型中,观察外源性FTY720（Hngolimod,芬戈莫德）对骨溶解的抑制作用。方法：构建小鼠植骨气囊模型,将构建好气囊模型的小鼠分成4组：空白组（气囊内注人生理盐水、腹腔注射DMSO）,FTY720组（气囊内注入生理盐水、腹腔注射FTY720）,聚乙烯颗粒组（气囊内注入聚乙烯颗粒、腹腔注射DMSO）,聚乙烯颗粒＋FTY720组（气囊内注入聚乙烯颗粒、腹腔注射FTY720）。4周后处死小鼠后取气囊组织进行HE染色观察炎症反应和炎症细胞渗出情况,取组织匀浆行Elisa法检测气囊组织中IL-6和TNF-α浓度、取骨组织行电镜扫描观察骨片吸收情况,取组织匀浆行RT—PCR检测破骨细胞相关基因抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶（TRAP）mRNA表达水平。结果：①HE染色后炎症细胞渗出量,聚乙烯颗粒＋FTY720组（4892±457）与聚乙烯颗粒组（4931±572）比较无统计学差异（P〉0．05）,[TY720组（2013±375）与空白组（2151±310）比较无统计学差异（P〉0,05）;含有聚乙烯颗粒组高于无聚乙烯颗粒组（P〈0．05）。②Elisa法检测炎症因子（IL-6、TNF-α）浓度,聚乙烯颗粒＋FTY720组[（130．13±3．22）、（129．22±5．02）]与聚乙烯颗粒组[（149．22±6．09）、（140．52±2．68）]比较无统计学差异（P〉0．05）;FTY720组[（68．24±2．83）、（82．88±5．34）]与空白组[（69．51±2．31）、（74．15±4．64）]比较没有统计学差异（P〉0．05）;含有聚乙烯颗粒组高于无聚乙烯颗粒组（P〈0．05）。③扫描电镜检测骨片吸收面积与视野面积百分比,聚乙烯颗粒＋FTY720组[（10．21±1．78）％]低于聚乙烯颗粒组[（17．79±2．56）％],FRY720组[（1．82±1．37）％]低于空白组[（6．27±2．11）％];并且含有聚乙烯颗粒组高于无聚乙烯颗粒组（P〈0．05）。④破骨细胞相关基因TRAPmRNA表达量,聚乙烯颗粒＋FTY720组（0．53±0．04）低于聚乙烯颗粒组（0．74±0．05）,FTY720组（．22±0．03）低于空白组（0．38±0．04）;而含有聚乙烯颗粒组高于无聚乙烯颗粒组（P〈0．05）。结论：在小鼠植骨气囊动物模型中,FTY720能有效抑制聚乙烯颗粒诱导的局部骨溶解作用。     

低强度激光照射对吸毒者β-EP及血浆皮质醇含量的影响

本研究着重观察低强度激光血液疗法对生理脱毒后稽延性症状患者β-EP（β-内啡肽）及血浆皮质醇含量的影响。方法：应用RIA法测定患者（60例,实验组,分三组）分别在治疗前（生理脱毒后7d-15d）和治疗后测定血清中β-EP及血浆皮质醇的含量,并将实验组分别与对照组比较,观察激光治疗与常规治疗的疗效的差异。结果：（1）对照组治疗后其血清中β-EP的含量无显著变化（P〉0．05）：激光血管内照射组停照后血清中β-EP的含量较照前均显著增加（P〈0．01）：鼻腔照射组β-EP的含量较照前也有较显著增加（P〈0．05）但不如激光血管内照射组。（2）治疗后对照组血浆皮质醇较治疗前无明显变化（P〉0．05）,而实验组1较治疗前显著降低（P〈0．01）,实验组2较治疗前也有较明显降低P〈0．05）但不如实验组1。     

血管回声跟踪技术评价糖尿病患者颈动脉弹性与下肢动脉粥样硬化的相关性

目的：利用血管回声跟踪技术（ET）研究糖尿病（DM）患者颈动脉弹性与下肢动脉粥样硬化病变的相关性。方法：选择116例糖尿病患者分别进行颈动脉弹性检查和下肢血管彩超检查,根据血管彩超检查结果分为无下肢动脉粥样硬化病变组（对照组A）和下肢动脉粥样硬化病变组,下肢动脉粥样硬化病变组又根据下肢动脉血管的狭窄程度由轻至重依次分为B、C、D、E四组。分析比较各组间应用髓检查获得的颈动脉弹性参数,即压力应变弹性系数（Ep）、僵硬度（β）、顺应性（AC）、增大指数（AI）、脉冲波传导速度（PWVβ）。结果：下肢动脉粥样硬化病变组Ep取PWvp值较对照组明显增高,Ac值较对照组明显降低,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01或P〈0．05）,随着各组间下肢动脉病变程度的不断加重,Ep取Pw邯值增加明显,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01或P〈0．05）,参数AI在各组间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论：血管回声跟踪技术能揭示糖尿病患者颈动脉弹性参数与下肢动脉粥样硬化病变程度的相关性,是评价糖尿病下肢动脉粥样硬化病变的有效方法。     

半导体激光联合针刺治疗坐骨神经痛的临床观察

目的：观察半导体激光联合针刺治疗坐骨神经痛的治疗效果。方法：将60例坐骨神经痛患者随机分为半导体激光联合针刺治疗组和单纯针刺对照组,每组30例。2组采用共同的针灸治疗人员,但联合治疗组加用半导体激光局部照射治疗。结果：治疗1个疗程后,疼痛评分（VAS）和下腰痛评分（JOA）联合激光治疗组均较单纯治疗组明显改善（p〈0．05）;JOA疗效评价,联合激光治疗组改善率优于单纯针刺组（P〈0．05）。结论：半导体激光照射治疗坐骨神经痛可明显提高疗效。     

超声联合神经刺激器引导下臂丛神经阻滞在上肢手术中的应用

目的：探讨超声联合神经刺激器引导下臂丛神经阻滞在上肢手术中的应用效果。方法：选择上肢手术120例,随机分为3组,每组40例。A组为传统方法定位组,B组为神经刺激器定位组,C组为超声联合神经刺激器定位组。观察三组的臂丛神经阻滞麻醉起效时间、麻醉效果、麻醉持续时间、静脉辅助用药情况、不良反应（穿刺针误入血管、局麻药毒性反应、神经损伤、气胸）。结果：C组麻醉起效时间短于A组及B组（P＜0．05）,C组麻醉效果优于A组及B组（P＜0．05）,C组麻醉持续时间长于A组（P＜0．05）,C组静脉辅助用药少于A组及B组（P＜0．05）, C组不良反应发生率小于A组及B组（P＜0．05）。结论：在上肢手术中使用超声联合神经刺激器引导下臂丛神经阻滞麻醉效果好,不良反应发生率低,值得临床推广。     

失眠相关因素与临床特征观察

目的：观察失眠发病的相关因素与临床特征。方法：将307例失眠患者,采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表（PSQI）、中医胃肠症状调查表、抑郁自评量表（SDS）和焦虑自评量表（sAs）埘患者的发病相关因素和临床特征进行观察。结果：307例失眠患者中,伴发胃肠症状失眠患者244例,总发生率为79．48％;伴发胃肠症状组SAS和SIYS得分高于不伴发胃肠症状组（P〈0．01）;失眠患者中焦虑和抑郁的发生率分别为50．16％和43．32％;焦虑、抑郁量表得分高于全国常模得分（P〈0．01）,低于标准总分50分：失眠患者的抑郁、焦虑得分与PSQI总分和各成分得分的相关关系中,除rSDS与睡眠障碍得分不相关外,其余均呈正相父（P〈0．05）。结沦：失眠患者胃肠症状发生率高;失眠患者焦虑、抑郁水平明显高于正常人;失眠患者情志不良与脾胃功能失常相互影响。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.