表面应力诱导InGaN量子点的生长及其性质

为了得到高性能的GaN基发光器件,有源层采用MOCVD技术和表面应力的不均匀性诱导方法生长了InGaN量子点,并通过原子力显微镜(AFM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和光致发光(PL)谱对其微观形貌和光学性质进行了观察和研究.AFM和TEM观察结果表明:InGaN/GaN为平均直径约30nm,高度约25nm的圆锥;InGaN量子点主要集中在圆锥形的顶部,其密度达到5.6×1010cm-2.室温下,InGaN量子点材料PL谱强度大大超出相同生长时间的InGaN薄膜材料,这说明InGaN量子点有望作为高性能有源层材料应用于GaN基发光器件.     

InGaN/GaN多量子阱的变温发光特性研究

采用低压金属有机化学沉积方法制备了InGaN/GaN多量子阱.变温PL测量发现,量子阱发光强度具有良好的温度稳定性,随着温度升高(10～300K),发光强度只减小到1/3左右.分析认为,InGaN/GaN多量子阱的多峰发光结构是由多量子阱的组分及阱宽的不均匀引起的.随着温度升高,GaN带边及量子阱的光致发光均向低能方向移动,但与GaN带边不同,量子阱发光峰值变化并不与通过内插法得到的Varshni经验公式相吻合,而是与InN带边红移趋势一致,分析了导致这种现象的可能因素.还分析了量子阱发光寿命随温度升高而减小的原因.     

生长停顿改善MOCVD生长InGaN/GaN多量子阱的特性

利用金属有机物化学气相淀积(MOCVD)生长了InGaN/GaN多量子阱(MQWs)结构,研究了生长停顿对InGaN/GaN MQWs特性的影响.结果表明,采用生长停顿,可以改善MQWs界面质量,提高MQWs的光致发光(PL)与电致发光(EL)强度;但生长停顿的时间过长,阱的厚度会变薄,界面质量变差,不仅In组分变低,富In的发光中心减少,而且会引入杂质,致使EL强度下降.     

InGaN/GaN多量子阱电池的垒层结构优化及其光学特性调控

InGaN基量子阱作为太阳电池器件的有源区时,垒层厚度设计以及实际生长对其光学特性的影响极为重要.采用金属有机化学气相沉积(MOVCD)技术,在蓝宝石衬底上外延生长了垒层厚度较厚的InGaN/GaN多量子阱,使用高分辨X射线衍射和变温光致发光谱研究了垒层厚度对InGaN多量子阱太阳电池结构的界面质量、量子限制效应及其光学特性的影响.较厚垒层的InGaN/GaN多量子阱的周期重复性和界面品质较好,这可能与垒层较薄时对量子阱的生长影响有关.同时,厚垒层InGaN/GaN多量子阱的光致发光光谱峰位随温度升高呈现更为明显的“S”形(红移-蓝移-红移)变化,表现出更强的局域化程度和更高的内量子效率.     

InGaN/GaN和InGaN/AlGaN多量子阱中应变对光致发光特性的影响

对蓝宝石衬底上的InGaN/GaN和InGaN/AlGaN多量子阱结构和经激光剥离去除衬底的InGaN/GaN和InGaN/AlGaN多量子阱结构薄膜样品,进行了光致发光谱、高分辨XRD和喇曼光谱测量.PL测量结果表明,相对于带有蓝宝石衬底的样品,InGaN/GaN多量子阱薄膜样品的PL谱峰值波长发生较小的蓝移,而InGaN/AlGaN多量子阱薄膜样品的PL谱峰值波长发生明显的红移;喇曼光谱的结果表明,激光剥离前后E2模的峰值从569.1减少到567.5cm-1.这说明激光剥离去除衬底使得外延层整体的压应力得到部分释放,但InGaN/GaN与InGaN/AlGaN多量子阱结构中阱层InGaN的应力发生了不同的变化.XRD的结果证实了这一结论.     

InGaN/GaN和InGaN/AlGaN多量子阱中应变对光致发光特性的影响

对蓝宝石衬底上的InGaN/GaN和InGaN/AlGaN多量子阱结构和经激光剥离去除衬底的InGaN/GaN和InGaN/AlGaN多量子阱结构薄膜样品,进行了光致发光谱、高分辨XRD和喇曼光谱测量.PL测量结果表明,相对于带有蓝宝石衬底的样品,InGaN/GaN多量子阱薄膜样品的PL谱峰值波长发生较小的蓝移,而InGaN/AlGaN多量子阱薄膜样品的PL谱峰值波长发生明显的红移;喇曼光谱的结果表明,激光剥离前后E2模的峰值从569.1减少到567.5cm-1.这说明激光剥离去除衬底使得外延层整体的压应力得到部分释放,但InGaN/GaN与InGaN/AlGaN多量子阱结构中阱层InGaN的应力发生了不同的变化.XRD的结果证实了这一结论.     

生长温度对MOCVD外延生长InGaN的影响

采用金属有机化学气相沉积(MOCVD)方法,在GaN/蓝宝石复合衬底上生长了InGaN薄膜,并研究了生长温度对InGaN薄膜的In组分、结晶品质和发光特性的影响.实验中发现随着生长温度的降低,InGaN薄膜中的In组分提高,但结晶品质显著下降.X射线衍射(XRD)联动扫描的结果显示即使在In组分增大至0.57时也没有发现相分离现象,光致发光(PL)谱测量的结果表明InGaN薄膜的PL峰位随着In组分升高而向低能方向移动,半高宽随着In组分增加而增加.     

生长温度对MOCVD外延生长InGaN的影响

采用金属有机化学气相沉积(MOCVD)方法,在GaN/蓝宝石复合衬底上生长了InGaN薄膜,并研究了生长温度对InGaN薄膜的In组分、结晶品质和发光特性的影响.实验中发现随着生长温度的降低,InGaN薄膜中的In组分提高,但结晶品质显著下降.X射线衍射(XRD)联动扫描的结果显示即使在In组分增大至0.57时也没有发现相分离现象,光致发光(PL)谱测量的结果表明InGaN薄膜的PL峰位随着In组分升高而向低能方向移动,半高宽随着In组分增加而增加.     

InGaN/GaN 和 InGaN/AlGaN 多量子阱中应变对光致发光特性的影响

对蓝宝石衬底上的InGaN/GaN和InGaN/AlGaN多量子阱结构和经激光剥离去除衬底的InGaN/GaN和InGaN/AlGaN多量子阱结构薄膜样品，进行了光致发光谱、高分辨XRD和喇曼光谱测量. PL测量结果表明，相对于带有蓝宝石衬底的样品，InGaN/GaN多量子阱薄膜样品的PL谱峰值波长发生较小的蓝移，而InGaN/AlGaN多量子阱薄膜样品的PL谱峰值波长发生明显的红移；喇曼光谱的结果表明，激光剥离前后E2模的峰值从569.1减少到567.5cm-1. 这说明激光剥离去除衬底使得外延层整体的压应力得到部分释放，但InGaN/GaN与InGaN/AlGaN多量子阱结构中阱层InGaN的应力发生了不同的变化. XRD的结果证实了这一结论.     

Optical Properties of Silicon—doped InGaN and GaN Layers

The optical properties of Silicon—doped InGaN and GaN grown on sapphire by MOCVD have been investigated by photoluminescence (PL) method. At room temperature, the band—gap peak of InGaN is 437.0 nm and its full width of half—maximum (FWHM) is about 14.3 nm. The band—gap peak and FWHM for GaN are 364.4 nm and 9.5 nm, respectively. By changing the temperature from 20 K to 293 K, it is found that the PL intensity of samples decreases but the FWHM broadens with the increasing of the temperature.GaN sample shows red—shift, InGaN sample shows red—blue—red—shift. The temperature dependence of peak energy shift is studied and explained.     

掺硅InGaN和掺硅GaN的光学性质的研究

采用光致发光方法研究了采用金属有机化学气相沉积(MOCVD)在蓝宝石衬底上生长的掺硅InGaN和掺硅CaN材料的光学性质。在室温下．InGaN材料带边峰位置为437．0nm，半高宽为14．3nm；GaN材料带边峰位置为363．4nm．半高宽为9．5nm。进行变温测量发现．随温度的升高．两种材料的发光强度降低，半高宽增大；GaN材料的带边峰值能量位置出现红移现象．与Varshini公式符合较好；InGaN材料的带边峰值能量位置则出现红移-蓝移-红移现象．这与InGaN材料的局域态、热效应以及由于电子-空穴对的形成而造成的无序程度增加有关．对大于140K的峰值能量位置的红移用Varshini公式拟合．符合较好。     

Effect of shroud flow on high quality InxGa1−xN deposition in a production scale multi-wafer-rotating-disc reactor

High quality InGaN thin films and InGaN/GaN double heterojunction (DH) structures have been epitaxially grown on c-sapphire substrates by MOCVD in a production scale multi-wafer-rotating-disc reactor between 770 to 840°C. We observed that shroud flow (majority carrier gas in the reaction chamber) is the key to obtaining high quality InGaN thin films. High purity H₂ as the shroud flow results in poor crystal quality and surface morphology but strong photolumines-cence (PL) at room temperature. However, pure N₂ as the shroud flow results in high crystal quality InGaN with an x-ray full width at half maximum (FWHM)_InGaN(0002) of 7.5 min and a strong room temperature PL peaking at 400 nm. In addition, InGaN/GaN single heterojunction (SH) and DH structures both have excellent surface morphology and sharp interfaces. The full width at half maximum of PL at 300K from an InGaN/GaN DH structure is about 100 meV which is the best reported to date. A high indium mole fraction in InGaN of 60% and high quality zinc doped InGaN depositions were also achieved.     

MOCVD生长的InGaN合金的性质

对使用MOCVD方法在蓝宝石衬底上生长的典型InGaN样品进行了光致发光(PL)、霍耳(Hall)及扫描电镜(SEM)测量．结果表明:适当的生长温度(750℃)提高了样品中In的含量和PL强度。当Ⅴ/Ⅲ族比率大约5000时,750℃生长的样品背景载流子浓度约为2.21×1018cm-3,In含量约为11.54%．其室温394nm的带边峰,半高宽约为116meV,束缚能约为32.4meV,可能与束缚激子发光相关．该样品禁带宽度随温度变化的温度系数α(dE/dT)约为0.56×10-3eV/K．较高温度(800℃和900℃)生长的样品In含量较低,PL强度较弱,且在样品表面析出了金属In滴．     

红橙光InGaN/GaN量子阱的结构与光学性质研究

采用金属有机物化学气相沉积(MOCVD)技术生长了具有高In组分InGaN阱层的InGaN/GaN多量子阱(MQW)结构,高分辨X射线衍射(HRXRD)ω-2θ扫描拟合得到阱层In含量28%。比较大的表面粗糙度表明有很大的位错密度。室温下光致荧光(PL)研究发现该量子阱发射可见的红橙光,峰位波长在610 nm附近。变温PL(15～300 K)进一步揭示量子阱在低温下有两个发光机制,对应的发射峰波长分别为538 nm和610 nm。由于In分凝和载流子的局域化导致的载流子动力改变,使得量子阱PL发光峰值随温度增加呈明显的"S"变化趋势。     

Wide-gap semiconductor InGaN and InGaAln grown by MOVPE

We have achieved InGaN growth on sapphire substrates at temperatures substantially higher than conventional growth temperatures for InGaN. When the growth temperature was changed from 500 (conventional) to 800° C (this work) in InGaN, the x-ray diffraction line width (full width at half maximum) decreased from 100 to 30 min. At 77 K, edge emission was observed in PL. In order to further improve crystalline quality, we have investigated ZnO as a lattice-matching substrate. First, the surface treatment and the resistance to the reducing atmosphere at high temperatures was briefly investigated. We report the first successful lattice-matched growth of InGaN. The x-ray diffraction line width of InGaN grown on ZnO was about 20% smaller than that of films grown on sapphire substrates, thus using lattice-matched substrates was shown to have an effect on improving the crystalline quality of InGaN. Single crystal InGaAlN has been also realized on sapphire substrates. The indium, gallium and aluminum contents were 2.2, 22.5 and 74.3%, respectively. The optical transmission characteristic of this InGaAlN was measured.     

LP－MOCVD生长InGaN单晶薄膜

报道了以Ａｌ２Ｏ３为衬底在ＧａＮ薄膜上ＬＰ－ＭＯＣＶＤ外延生长ＩｎＧａＮ单晶薄膜，并研究了ＩｎＧａＮ的生长特性。实验给出了ＩｎｘＧ１－ｘＮ合金的固相组分与汽相组分和生长温度的变化关系，并应用Ｘ射线衍射（ＸＲＤ）、Ｘ射线回摆曲线（ＸＲＣ）和室温光致荧光（ＰＬ）谱等技术对外延层的晶体质量、完整性和发光特性进行了分析。发现ＩｎＧａＮ／ＧａＮ系统中保持适当的压应力有助于提高外延层的晶体完整性，减少非故意掺杂杂质的引入，能改善外延层的发光特性。     

Exciton wavefunction coupled surface plasmon resonance for In-rich InGaN film with perforated aluminum cylindrical micropillar arrays

The optical characterization of excitons coupled with surface plasmon resonance (SPR) for InGaN/GaN heterostructures with perforated cylindrical micropillar arrays is investigated. We analyze the optical characteristics of excitons coupled with SPR for InGaN/GaN heterostructures with perforated cylindrical micropillars, as shown in measurements of the photoluminescence (PL) spectra over a broad range of temperatures between 20 and 300 K. From the temperature-dependent PL spectra, we observe the better SPR coupling effects, resulting in less carrier confinement in the InGaN energy band. The magnitude of the redshift of the emission peak shown by the sample with the coated aluminum (Al) pattern is larger than that shown by the sample with no metal film. This was due to the presence of more exciton coupling surface plasmons within the Al/InGaN interface. The enhancement of the PL intensity of the sample with the deposited Al pattern film can be attributed to a stronger SPR coupling interaction with the excitons. The experimental results indicate that a perforated Al cylindrical micropillar array can significantly affect carrier confinement, enhancing the quantum efficiency of Al/In-rich InGaN heterostructures due to the interaction of the SPR coupling effect between the InGaN quantum dot-like region and the Al film.     

Photoluminescence characteristics of GaN/lnGaN/GaN quantum wells

Photoluminescence (PL) characteristics of GaN/lnGaN/GaN single quantum wells (QWs) and an InGaN/GaN single heterojunction were studied using continuous wave (CW) and pulsed photoluminescence in both edge and surface emitting configurations. Samples were grown on c-plane sapphire substrates by atmospheric pressure metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). Room temperature and 77K PL measurements were performed using a CW Ar-ion laser (305 nm) and a frequency tripled (280 nm), pulsed, mode-locked Ti: sapphire laser. CW PL emission spectra from the quantum wells (24, 30, 80Å) were all blue shifted with respect to the reference sample. The difference (i. e., the blue shift) between the measured value of peak emission energy from the QW and the band-edge emission from the reference sample was attributed to quantum size effects, and to strain arising due to a significant lattice mismatch between InGaN and GaN. In addition, stimulated emission was observed from an InGaN/GaN single heterojunction in the edge and surface emitting configu-ration at 77K. The narrowing of emission spectra, the nonlinear dependence of output emission intensity on input power density, and the observation of a strongly polarized output are presented.     

高质量立方相InGaN的生长

利用 LP- MOCVD技术在 Ga As( 0 0 1 )衬底上生长了高质量的立方相 In Ga N外延层 .研究了生长速率对 In Ga N质量的影响 ,提出一个简单模型解释了在改变 TEGa流量条件下出现的In组分的变化规律 ,实验结果与模型的一次项拟合结果较为吻合 ,由此推断 ,在现在的生长条件下 ,表面单个 Ga原子作为临界晶核吸附 Ga或 In原子实现生长的模型与实际情况较为接近 .对于晶体质量的变化也给予了说明 .得到的高质量立方相 In Ga N室温下有很强的发光峰 ,光致发光峰半高宽为 1 2 8me V左右 .