桥梁混凝土聚脲防护涂层配套底漆性能研究

研究了环氧底漆(EP)、单组分聚氨酯底漆(PU1)、双组分聚氨酯底漆(PU2)等三种桥梁混凝土聚脲防护涂层配套底漆的表干时间和附着性,考察了环境温度和湿度以及间隔时间对附着性的影响.结果表明:在试验条件范围内,EP、PU1、PU2的表干时间分别为30～120min,30～59min、29～51min,其附着力分别为3.86～6.22MPa、4.38～5.56MPa、3.60～5.35MPa.3种底漆对环境温湿度依赖性不同,EP的最强,PU1次之,而PU2最小.EP的附着力随着环境温度升高而增大,PU1的附着力则随着环境湿度增大而增大,而PU2的附着力随环境的湿度增大而减少.上述3种底漆的附着力随着间隔时间的延长呈现先增后降趋势,EP的附着力在72 h达到最大值5.9 MPa,PU1的附着力在24 h达到最大值5.27 MPa,PU2的附着力仅3 h就达到最大值5.38 MPa.     

混凝土表面保护用喷涂聚脲徐料的研制与应用

介绍了混凝土保护用聚脲涂料的研制情况:对混凝土封闭底漆的匹配性以及聚脲配方进行了研究和设计,有效地提高了聚脲涂层与混凝土基材的附着力;总结了聚脲涂料在混凝土表面的施工工艺.     

混凝土表面保护用喷徐聚脲徐料的研制与应用

介绍了混凝土保护用聚脲涂料的研制情况：对混凝土封闭底漆的匹配性以及聚脲配方进行了研究和设计,有效地提高了聚脲涂层与混凝土基材的附着力;总结了聚脲涂料在混凝土表面的施工工艺。     

高性能底臻（腻子）在高铁聚脲防水层中的应用研究

介绍了聚氨酯底漆（腻子）和环氧底漆（腻子）的合成方法,并比较了两种底漆（腻子）在高铁聚脲防水层中应用的优缺点,分析了不同施工条件、施工方法和施工工序对涂层与基层粘结强度的影响,得出底漆（腻子）的内应力和强度是影响涂层与基层附着力的主要因素。     

高性能底漆(腻子)在高铁聚脲防水层中的应用研究

介绍了聚氨酯底漆(腻子)和环氧底漆(腻子)的合成方法,并比较了两种底漆(腻子)在高铁聚脲防水层中应用的优缺点,分析了不同施工条件、施工方法和施工工序对涂层与基层粘结强度的影响,得出底漆(腻子)的内应力和强度是影响涂层与基层附着力的主要因素。     

京沪高铁喷涂聚脲冬季防水施工试验和措施

京沪高铁喷涂聚脲防水施工在2009年冬季进行了大量的试验:不同的养护条件及时间对聚脲涂层与混凝土基层的附着力的影响.根据试验结果,采取了棚内升温保温作业及棚内养护涂层7 d的冬季施工措施.     

基材处理体系对京沪高铁聚脲涂层附着力影响的研究

针对冬季京沪高速铁路喷涂聚脲施工后,聚脲涂层与基材处理剂之间粘结力不高,甚至出现聚脲涂层大面积脱落的现象,分析了基材处理剂对聚脲涂层脱落的影响,提出了应用弹性聚氨酯类基材处理体系(QTECH-112系统)替代以往大量使用的环氧底涂(EP)体系的观点。对QTECH-112体系和EP体系的附着力进行对比分析,结果表明,在选用环氧胶粘剂及室内养护的条件下,E胶对二者的附着力1 d都达到3 MPa以上,18 d二者都达到8 MPa以上的高附着力;在室外养护条件下,3 d后二者都达到3MPa以上的附着力。通过静态应力分析发现,环氧在低温下具有很大的应力集中。对测试基材附着力的胶粘剂种类进行分析比对表明,改性丙烯酸酯室温快速固化胶粘剂不适合于QTECH-112系统。     

不同聚合物体系在潮湿基面的粘结性研究

针对海洋环境潮差区以及全浸区混凝土基面含水量高,聚合物基防护材料附着力低的技术难题,本研究采用4种用于潮湿混凝土基面的聚合物基封闭底漆,考察施工时间、基层处理工艺对底漆与混凝土粘结性能的影响规律,以及配套涂层防护体系在模拟海洋浪溅区以及全浸区的附着性能。结果表明:4种底漆A、B、C、D与干燥环境的混凝土的粘结强度分别为3.83、3.96、3.57、4.41 MPa,水分使4种底漆的附着性能不同程度的降低;随着混凝土涂装面粗糙度的增加及晾置时间的延长,4种底漆附着力均增大;作为潮湿混凝土基面封闭体系,聚氨酯基预聚物A及水性双组份聚氨酯底漆C性能更优,饱水基面粘结强度分别为3.57 MPa和3.82 MPa。     

浅谈喷涂聚脲弹性体在潮湿混凝土基面施工的条件

介绍了带湿施工底漆的性能要求和聚脲涂层防水、透气的机理,分析指出带湿施工的底漆和聚脲涂层的防水透气双重功能是保证喷涂聚脲能在潮湿基面上施工的两个必要条件.     

用于客运专线混凝土桥面的低温型聚氨酯底徐

分析了客运专线混凝土桥面涂刷底涂对于聚脲等涂膜防水层的重要性,指出低温条件下常见市售底涂与防水涂层粘结性存在缺陷,重点对低温型聚氨酯底涂的开发及性能特点作了介绍.     

FRP加固修复混凝土用粘结材料的研究 (2)浸渍树脂

FRP加固修复混凝土用粘结材料包括底层涂料、整平腻子和浸渍树脂。浸渍树脂要求韧性好、对纤维片浸润性好。本实验中介绍了自制的增韧剂改性环氧树脂后粘结强度的变化 ,并通过电镜观察发现分相颗粒的平均粒径的大小直接对应于增韧后粘结强度的大小 ,分相颗粒大则粘结强度低。同时我们对浸渍树脂的耐老化性能进行了初步的探索性工作     

混凝土表面防护涂层的结合强度研究

论述了混凝土表面防护涂层的特点,介绍了混凝土样块的表面涂层制备过程和结合强度的测试方法.通过对设计涂层体系的结合强度测试结果进行分析,得出湿固化环氧底漆、中间漆的涂层组合优于水性环氧底漆、中间漆的涂层组合的结论.     

Evaluating relaxation of high-strength bolts by parameters on slip faying surfaces of bolted connections

The clamping force of a high-strength bolt reduces within a certain time period after the initial clamping force. When special treatments are used on a faying surface, the clamping force is relaxed severely. Tests were conducted for slip critical joints subjected to various faying surface parameters. Relaxation occurred for slip resistant joints with an uncoated surface that had been shot-blasted, cleaned, milled or rusted. It was observed that the initial clamping force dropped from 6.2% to 8.0% after 744 hours. For joints with a 5 mil thick zinc coating, the clamping force of the bolts decreased by 8.37%, and in the case of 4.9 mil thick red lead painted treatment, the relaxation ratio was 24.6%. The standard deviation of the slip coefficients between the time immediately after tightening and 1,000 hours after tightening was 0.223. It is particularly noteworthy that, for red lead painted treatment, the slip coefficient dropped from 2.5 times to 2.8 times when compared with the slip coefficient before relaxation. Joints with inorganic zinc should not have thickness exceeding 5 mils, and joints with a red lead painted surface should not be allowed regardless of the thickness of coating.     

The effect of low‐volatile organic compounds,water‐based paint on aggravation of allergic disease in schoolchildren

Whether indoor painting aggravates preexisting allergic diseases remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate the impact of new classroom painting on aggravation of asthma, allergic rhinitis (AR), and atopic dermatitis (AD) in children. Studied school was previously painted with conventional water‐based paint 20 years ago and had natural ventilation system. We identified a total of 172 children aged 10–12 years with allergic diseases in 17 classrooms, which were allocated to newly painted rooms with low‐volatile organic compounds (VOC), water‐based paint, or existing rooms. After painting, there was no intervention or internal airflow to influence indoor air environment in both classrooms. We prospectively assessed the symptom severity and serious events of allergic diseases between both classrooms at baseline and after one and eight weeks after painting. At one and eight weeks, there were no significant changes in the Childhood Asthma Control Test scores, the fractional nitric oxide levels, lung function in asthmatic children in either classroom. There were also no significant changes in the severity score of AR or AD, or serious events in all allergic diseases. These findings suggest classroom painting with this new paint at the levels encountered in this study might not be a major aggravating factor for school‐aged children with allergic diseases.     

聚氨酯漆透明涂饰木材的视觉物理量变化规律

为合理进行油漆配色,指导木制品的涂饰工艺改进,选择家具工业常用的聚氨酯(PU)清漆,对10种实木试材进行透明涂饰处理,以分光光度法和色度学坐标参数定量表征了试材材色和光泽度的变化,以数字图像处理技术定量测取了木材纹理特征参数,并对比、分析了加工过程中木材表面视觉物理量的变化规律.结果表明:(1)PU漆涂饰后,木材明度显著降低,饱和度提高约7%,红绿轴色品指数和黄蓝轴色品指数均有约6%的增幅,色调差改变2.4%,色差达到19.6%;(2)PU漆涂饰使木材光泽度极显著地升高,特别是在涂第一遍底漆后其增幅能达到400%,但涂饰面漆后其光泽度又大为降低;(3)PU漆涂饰后木材纹理的二阶角矩、长行程加重因子显著增大,对比度、分形维数有所减小,表明PU漆膜有助于使木材表面均匀细致、纹理对比程度减弱.     

传统彩塑制作工艺与修复

1980年，雕塑老匠师们对五台山地区塔院寺、显通寺、罗睺寺等寺庙中较残破的清代彩塑进行了修复。彩塑复原后，大都造型完整，颜色沉着，残破部分得到修补，天衣无缝，没有失掉原貌精神，修复后的塑像更加完美生动。本文根据对匠工老师傅们的采访调查以及对修复和制作古代雕塑的技术的记录整理，总结出传统彩塑制作与修复工艺。     

Substrate Effects on VOC Emissions from a Latex Paint

Abstract The effects of two substrates - a stainless steel plate and a gypsum board - on the volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions from a latex paint were evaluated by environmental chamber tests. It was found that the amount of VOCs emitted from the painted stainless steel was 2 to 10 times more than that from the painted gypsum board during the 2-week test period. The dominant chemical species emitted were also different between the two substrates. Data analysis indicated that most VOC emissions from the painted stainless steel occurred in the first 100 h via a fast, evaporation-like process. On the other hand, the majority of the gypsum board VOCs were emitted in a later stage via a slow, diffusion-controlled process. There were measurable emissions of VOCs 11 months after paint application on the gypsum board. It is suggested that, instead of the routinely used substrates such as stainless steel plates, real substrates such as wood or gypsum board should be used for the evaluation of emissions in indoor environments.     

飞机喷漆机库风平衡调试施工技术

如今国内航空产业飞速发展,适用于不同飞机机型的喷漆机库将会逐步建造。喷漆阶段对喷漆大厅内的气体流态要求非常高,要求气流在落差较高空间内均匀且稳定地送至飞机舷窗部位并被下方的排风口排出,同时保持总送排风风量,使喷漆大厅具备微负压。结合常规风平衡调试方法和美国波音公司喷漆机库风平衡调试方法以及飞机喷涂技术要求,经过多次试验并分析,总结介绍了系统性的风平衡调试方案,为后续类似喷漆机库的风平衡调试工作积累了经验。     

碳酸钙对木质粉尘层最低着火温度影响研究

为研究碳酸钙含量对木质粉尘层最低着火温度的影响,利用HY16430粉尘层引燃温度试验装置测定油磨木粉、人工打磨木粉及两者分别与碳酸钙混合的粉尘层最低着火温度.结果表明:油磨木粉、人工打磨木粉、碳酸钙中位粒径分别为7.344、7.269、7.859μm,堆积厚度为5 mm时,油磨木粉尘层最低着火温度为324℃,人工打磨木...     

建筑防水密封材料及其施工技术(4)——建筑防水密封材料的施工技术与方法

阐述建筑防水密封材料施工所需的附属材料 ,底层涂料的作用与性能要求 ,衬底材料的作用与接缝粘结方式 ,防水密封施工过程所要求的环境条件 ,以及施工顺序与方法。